An electronic textbook (ET) is a software and methodological training complex that corresponds to a typical curriculum and providing an opportunity for the student to master the course or its section independently or with the help of a teacher. This product is created with a built-in structure, dictionaries, search capability, etc.

An electronic textbook can be designed for independent study of educational material in a particular discipline or to support a lecture course for the purpose of its in-depth study.

In addition to the different media, the EU has a number of fundamental differences from the textbook made in a typographical way:

multimedia capability;

provision of virtual reality;

high degree interactivity;

the possibility of an individual approach to the student.

The introduction of multimedia elements into the structure of the electronic textbook allows for the simultaneous transmission of various types of information. This usually means a combination of text, sound, graphics, animation and video.

Many processes and objects in the electronic textbook can be presented in the dynamics of their development, as well as in the form of 2 or 3-dimensional models, which gives the user the illusion of the reality of the depicted objects.

Interactivity allows you to establish feedback from the user of information (student) to its source (teacher).

Interactive interaction is characterized by an immediate response and visually confirmed reaction to an action, a message.

An individual approach to the student's personality is formed after psychological testing. The result of such testing allows students to be divided into certain groups and offer the most adequate models for studying educational material.

Psychological testing is performed automatically if the elements of the tests are built into the menu on page 1 of the electronic textbook, or separately before starting to study the material. According to the results of the test, the user can be offered the most convenient option for studying the relevant sections of the textbook.

An electronic textbook has certain advantages over traditional types of textbooks:

The study of the material may not be related to the time frame (classroom schedule).

Allows you to develop skills independent work at students.

The structure of the textbook helps to establish control over the study of certain blocks of topics.

Electronic textbooks may have additional features compared to the paper version. One of these possibilities is the use of hyperlinks, with the help of which a quick transition from one section of the textbook to another is possible.

Despite the fact that the creation of an electronic textbook is a free creative process of a teacher and a programmer, it is still necessary to adhere to certain methodological requirements.

An electronic textbook (even the best one) cannot and should not replace a book. Same as screencap literary work belongs to a different genre, and the electronic textbook belongs to a completely new genre of educational works. And just as watching a movie does not replace reading the book on which it was based, so the presence of an electronic textbook should not only not replace reading and studying a regular textbook (in all cases, we mean the best examples of any genre), but, on the contrary, encourage the student to take for the book.

That is why, to create an electronic textbook, it is not enough to take a good textbook, provide it with navigation (create hypertexts) and rich illustrative material (including multimedia tools) and display it on a computer screen. An electronic textbook should not turn into text with pictures or a reference book, since its function is fundamentally different.

An electronic textbook should make it as easy as possible to understand and memorize (and active, not passive) the most essential concepts, statements and examples, involving in the learning process other than a regular textbook, the possibilities of the human brain, in particular, auditory and emotional memory, as well as using computer explanations.

The text component should be limited - after all, there remains an ordinary textbook, paper and pen for in-depth study of the material already mastered on the computer.

An electronic textbook is necessary for independent work of students in full-time and, especially, distance learning because it:

facilitates the understanding of the studied material due to methods of presenting material other than in printed educational literature: inductive approach, impact on auditory and emotional memory, etc.;

allows adaptation in accordance with the needs of the student, the level of his training, intellectual abilities and ambitions;

frees from cumbersome calculations and transformations, allowing you to focus on the essence of the subject, consider more examples and solve more problems;

provides the widest opportunities for self-checking at all stages of work;

makes it possible to beautifully and accurately arrange the work and hand it over to the teacher in the form of a file or printout;

fulfills the role of an endlessly patient mentor, providing an almost unlimited number of explanations, repetitions, tips and more.

A textbook is necessary for a student, because without it he cannot obtain solid and comprehensive knowledge and skills in this subject.

An electronic textbook is useful in practical classes in specialized classrooms because it

allows you to use computer support to solve more problems, frees up time to analyze the solutions obtained and their graphical interpretation;

allows the teacher to conduct a lesson in the form of independent work at computers, reserving the role of a leader and consultant;

allows the teacher with the help of a computer to quickly and effectively control the knowledge of students, set the content and level of complexity of the control event.

An electronic textbook is convenient for a teacher because it

allows you to take to lectures and workshops material at one's own discretion, perhaps smaller in volume, but the most significant in content, leaving for independent work with the ES what turned out to be outside the classroom;

frees you from the tedious checking of homework, standard calculations and control works, entrusting this work to the computer;

allows you to optimize the ratio of the number and content of examples and tasks considered in the classroom and given at home;

allows you to individualize work with students, especially in terms of homework and control activities.

Electronic and non-electronic textbook: similarities and differences

"Electronic textbook". This term is currently the most stable, and this type of development includes more or less complete computer courses for educational purposes.

A textbook, in the classical sense, is a book for pupils or students in which material is systematically presented in a certain field of knowledge at the modern level of scientific and cultural achievements. Therefore, the textbook, both electronic and printed, has common features, namely:

• * educational material is stated from a certain field of knowledge;
• * this material is covered at the modern level of scientific and cultural achievements;
• * the material in the textbooks is presented systematically, i.e. is a whole completed work, consisting of many elements that have semantic relationships and connections between themselves, which ensure the integrity of the textbook.

There is an opinion that the term "electronic textbook" is not entirely appropriate, since there is also a printed textbook. These authors propose the term "electronic edition". But the word "edition" also implies printed matter. Do not be afraid of new terms that include well-known concepts. Life changes, technologies change. And all changes must be treated with understanding.

Need to clearly define features electronic textbook from printed. They are as follows:

• 1. Each printed textbook (on paper) is designed for a certain initial level of students' preparation and assumes the final level of education. For many general education subjects there are ordinary (basic) textbooks, advanced complexity, optional textbooks, etc. An electronic textbook on a specific subject may contain material of several levels of complexity. At the same time, it will be all placed on one laser CD, contain illustrations and animations for the text, multivariate tasks for testing knowledge in an interactive mode for each level.
• 2. Visualization in an electronic textbook is much higher than in a printed one. So, in a textbook on the geography of Russia on paper, about 50 illustrations are usually presented, a multimedia textbook for the same course can reach up to 800 slides. .P.
• 3. The electronic textbook provides multi-variance, multi-level and variety of verification tasks, tests. The electronic textbook allows you to give all tasks and tests in an interactive and learning mode. In case of an incorrect answer, you can give the correct answer with explanations and comments.
• 4. Electronic textbooks are open systems in their structure. They can be supplemented, corrected, modified during operation.
• 5. To ensure multifunctionality during use and depending on the development goals, electronic textbooks may have a different structure. You can develop electronic textbooks without being tied to thematic planning, but simply by following curriculum at a specific rate. You can use electronic textbooks on the principle of vertical study of educational material. On paper, there are four textbooks for the corresponding courses, each of which, along with other topics, also has educational material on functions and schedules. Such an electronic textbook can also be used for self-study, to prepare for exams, in the classroom.

ELECTRONIC TUTORIAL

One of the directions modern learning- this is the use of computer tools and telecommunication technologies to obtain new knowledge at all levels of education. The use of information teaching aids provides good technical opportunities for the implementation of various didactic ideas and principles of organizing the educational process, fills the teacher's activity with a fundamentally new content. However, this is not an indication that the computer, which takes on part of the teacher's function, is able to displace the teacher from the learning process altogether. On the contrary, the application information technologies is designed to intensify the teaching process, increase students' interest in the discipline being studied and the effectiveness of the educational process. They will allow you to achieve a greater understanding of the material being studied. One of the elements and means of information education are electronic publications (textbooks, manuals, books) or Electronic educational resources (EER)

Today, no one doubts the fact that e-learning aids make it possible to enrich the course of study, supplementing it with a variety of opportunities. computer technology and thus make it more interesting and attractive to students.

An exceptionally high degree of clarity of the presented material, the interconnection of the various components of the courses, the complexity and interactivity make the programs indispensable assistants for both the student and the teacher.

Thanks to the complex of various multimedia features, the learning process becomes more effective and interesting.

Electronic reference guideis a virtual system designed for automated learning, covering the full or partial scope of the academic discipline.

EUP advantages:

1) the possibility of compact storage of a large amount of information;

2) the system quickly adjusts to a specific student;

3) easily updated (supplemented and expanded);

4) wide search possibilities;

5) the ability to perform interactive exercises and tests;

6) visibility: ample opportunities for building visual models, presenting graphic and audio information;

7) good structure (hypertext organization of information).

To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks:

• To study the features of electronic teaching aids;
• Familiarize yourself with the requirements for them;
• Perform an analysis of the subject area, on the basis of which the material for the electronic textbook will be selected;
• Select programs and languages ​​for creating a manual;
• Develop the structure of the electronic textbook;
• Determine the principle of textbook management;
• Determine the appearance of the tutorial;
• Implement hypertext in electronic form using HTML language.

It is generally accepted that an electronic textbook is a new generation of literature that combines the advantages of traditional textbooks and the capabilities of computer technology. Electronic textbooks are a complex-purpose educational software system that ensures the continuity and completeness of the didactic cycle of the learning process, provides theoretical material, and provides training learning activities and knowledge level control, as well as information retrieval activities, mathematical and simulation modeling with computer visualization and service functions, subject to interactive feedback.

An electronic textbook, as a rule, is an independent multimedia learning tool, so the structure of an electronic textbook should be presented at a qualitatively new level.

The use of illustrations is effective in conjunction with help ensuring that the label appears next to the element of interest. A mandatory element is additional video information or animated clips accompanying sections of the course that are difficult to understand in a text presentation. Video clips allow you to change the time scale and show phenomena in fast or slow motion.

The electronic textbook provides the ability to copy the selected information, edit it and print it without leaving the textbook itself.

As a rule, electronic training aids are built on a modular basis and include all the necessary information and contain several parts:

The theoretical part, this part is based on text, graphics (static diagrams, drawings, tables and pictures), animation, full-scale video recordings, as well as an interactive block;

practical part, there should be a step-by-step solution of typical tasks and exercises on this course with minimal explanations;

control part - contains a set of tests, control questions on the theoretical part, but also solving problems and exercises in practice;

reference part, which may include: subject index, tables of basic constants, dimensions, physical and chemical properties, basic formulas for this training course and other necessary information in graphical, tabular or any other form.

You can also highlight a number of the following principles that should guide the creation of an electronic textbook:

Didactic principles

Name of the principle	Didactic (methodical) plan
Principle visibility	The electronic textbook includes illustrations and various graphic schemes with a choice of colors and various design, as well as multimedia materials: audio and video files.
Principle accessibility	All materials that are included in the EUP are quite accessible to students with a computer. The availability of training materials is ensured by the presentation and visibility, as well as the supply of various reference materials to the EPM.
Principle systematic and sequences	Very accurately, electronic forms allow you to systematize all the material of the textbook, as well as arrange it in a convenient sequence for further study.
The principle of connection between theory and practice	In order to consolidate all the knowledge gained in the study of theory, you need to smoothly connect knowledge with practice, namely, go to the section that contains practical questions and tasks to consolidate knowledge.
Scientific principle	The EUM should be based on the latest achievements of science in a particular area.
Principle consciousness and activity	Concluding that the EPM is intended for independent work, the student must approach it consciously. Test tasks for self-examination contribute to the activity of mastering knowledge.
Strength principle	The strength of knowledge lies with the inclusion in the EPM of various tests and tasks on individual topics and on the main sections, as well as final tasks. The advantage of this principle in the EPM is that it is easy to return to the previously studied material.

The main features include:

• the ability to build a simple and convenient navigation mechanism within the electronic textbook;
• a developed search mechanism within the electronic textbook, in particular, when using the hypertext edition format;
• the possibility of built-in automated control of the level of knowledge of the student;
• the possibility of a special option for structuring the material;
• the possibility of adapting the studied material of the textbook to the level of knowledge of the student, resulting in a sharp increase in the level of motivation of the student;
• the ability to adapt and optimize the user interface to the individual needs of the student.

Additional features of an electronic textbook compared to a printed one include:

• the possibility of including special fragments simulating the course of many physical and technological processes;
• the ability to include audio files in the textbook, in particular, to bring the process of working with the textbook closer and listening to lectures by the same teacher;
• the possibility of including video fragments in the textbook to illustrate certain provisions of the textbook;
• the inclusion of interactive fragments in the manual to ensure an operational dialogue with the student;
• full-scale multimedia design of the textbook, including a dialogue on natural language, organizing, at the request of the trainee, a video conference with the author (authors) and consultants, etc.

Kuzyuk Irina Gennadievna

Tuch Valeria Vladimirovna

4th year students, Department of Standardization, Metrology and Quality Management, Polytechnic Institute of the Siberian federal university, Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk

E-mail: Irish . cuzuk @ yandex . en

Borisenko Irina Gennadievna

Scientific Supervisor, Associate Professor, Department of Descriptive Geometry and Drawing, Polytechnic Institute, Siberian Federal University, RF, Krasnoyarsk

The relevance of this article is determined by the following leading factors.

First, modern Russian education is now in a critical situation, which is largely due to the lack of fundamentally new teaching aids that meet the realities of the time.

Second, many crises modern education are explained by the transition from one sociocultural paradigm to another, which implies fundamentally new approach to study guides.

AT modern Russia A lot of effort has been invested in a new approach to the development of the educational system, in particular, targeted programs for the development of education have been created. Such a policy is the only possible one in global conditions, because, according to the famous French writer Denis Diderot: “Education gives dignity to a person, and the slave begins to realize that he was not born for slavery.” Despite the fact that education is one of the most important factors in the life of modern man, many representatives modern generation the general interest in acquiring knowledge, both within the educational process and outside it, has decreased. It is the need to become new system education is designed to encourage students to receive professional education, which involves the use of various forms and methods of organizing the educational process. One of the promising directions in the development of the modern educational system is the use of electronic teaching aids.

An objective study of the influence of electronic teaching aids on the educational process involves an analysis of the features of modern electronic teaching aids.

Electronic teaching aids (ETS) is a software and methodological training complex designed for independent study of educational material by a student in certain disciplines.

It is important to emphasize that the electronic manual is not an electronic version of the book, where all the information from the printed version is transferred to the electronic one or there is the possibility of moving from the table of contents via a hyperlink to the desired chapter. Depending on the type of training session(lecture, seminar, test, self-study) the course of the lesson itself must be appropriately structured to achieve the effect of using such a manual. With proper use of an electronic textbook, it can become a powerful tool for independent study of most disciplines, especially those related to information technology.

An electronic manual is used to achieve the greatest effect, so it should be structured differently than a standard printed manual. Consider what should be the differences: since the size of computer screen pages is smaller than book pages, then the chapters should be shorter, then all subsequent sections that correspond to the lower level headings should be divided into the smallest sizes (fragments), in which contain the necessary material relating to this issue. It is better that these fragments contain 1-2 text paragraphs (you need to take into account that the paragraphs should be shorter than the book ones), or it can be a picture and a caption that explains it.

Thus, the material will be viewed continuously (as in a book), and separate fragments that discretely follow each other. What is the advantage of a discrete sequence? That this sequence of screens is within the smallest structural unit that allows direct redirection between paragraphs or subparagraphs.

As a rule, electronic training aids are built on a modular basis and include all the necessary information and contain several parts:

The theoretical part, this part is based on text, graphics (static diagrams, drawings, tables and pictures), animation, full-scale video recordings, as well as an interactive block;

· practical part, there should be a step-by-step solution of typical tasks and exercises for this training course with the content of minimal explanations;

control part - contains a set of tests, control questions on the theoretical part, but also the solution of problems and exercises in practice;

reference part, which may include: subject index, tables of basic constants, dimensions, physical and chemical properties, basic formulas for this training course and other necessary information in graphical, tabular or any other form.

Consider visually (in the form of table 1) the didactic principles that should form the basis of the electronic textbook.

Table 1.

Didactic principles

Name of the principle	Didactic (methodical) plan
visibility	The electronic textbook includes illustrations and various graphic schemes with a choice of colors and various design, as well as multimedia materials: audio and video files.
accessibility	All materials that are included in the EUP are quite accessible to students with a computer. The availability of training materials is ensured by the presentation and visibility, as well as the supply of various reference materials to the EPM.
systematic and sequences	Very accurately, electronic forms allow you to systematize all the material of the textbook, as well as arrange it in a convenient sequence for further study.
The principle of connection between theory and practice	In order to consolidate all the knowledge gained in the study of theory, you need to smoothly connect knowledge with practice, namely, go to the section that contains practical questions and tasks to consolidate knowledge.
Scientific principle	The EUM should be based on the latest achievements of science in a particular area.
consciousness and activity	Concluding that the EPM is intended for independent work, the student must approach it consciously. Test tasks for self-examination contribute to the activity of mastering knowledge.
Strength principle	The strength of knowledge lies with the inclusion in the EPM of various tests and tasks on individual topics and on the main sections, as well as final tasks. The advantage of this principle in the EPM is that it is easy to return to the previously studied material.

The possibilities of electronic teaching aids are revealed to the maximum during independent work of students. In particular, even the most complete textbook is not able to contain the entire amount of information, especially since a large amount of information will be difficult for a student to assimilate. Of course, the Internet can help in this case, where there are many thematic sites and portals for various purposes and you can find almost any information by making a couple of requests. However, with such a system of information retrieval, certain difficulties are possible. In such situations, an electronic textbook clearly demonstrates its advantages, since all the necessary information for mastering the discipline is collected in one place and students do not have to waste time searching for this material in various sources. In addition, the student can check how he has mastered this material, since the textbook, as a rule, contains test tasks to test knowledge. In cases where the test showed poor results, then as a result of the analysis, gaps in knowledge can be identified and poorly learned material can be studied.

Despite all the advantages that the use of electronic teaching aids brings to the educational process, it should be borne in mind that electronic aids are only an auxiliary tool for the teacher. However, there is a problem that the e-tutorial is a new vision educational process, which needs to be learned, and not only in the context of design, but also in the correct use. The fact is that as a result of the change in value orientations in domestic education, a situation has arisen where teachers not only cannot, but also do not want to strive for innovation. This, in turn, causes conflict situations between the student and the teacher, since the teacher does not act in his traditional role as the main source of information, but sends the student for the information that is on the global Internet. In other words, the teacher often directs the student towards independent study, although he himself is often not familiar with these sources, which causes negative aspects in the learning process. For the release of highly qualified specialists, it is necessary that teachers also have a desire to improve their knowledge, then the preparation of students will be as close as possible to the real conditions of their future activities. It is the use of information technology that will allow teachers not only to maintain their level of qualification, but also to constantly improve it.

Thus, summing up the analysis of some aspects of such an acute and controversial problem as the use of electronic teaching aids in the modern educational process.

Firstly, the electronic textbook must fully comply with the curriculum and be located on a digital tangible medium.

Secondly, the electronic textbook, used along with the traditional textbook, increases the efficiency of the educational process.

Thirdly, to optimize the educational process, an important factor will be the openness of the textbook, that is, the ability to make new material, which is possible with the active use of the electronic textbook, where the help of a specialist is required.

Bibliography:

1. Denis Diderot. Aphorisms, quotes, statements, phrases by Denis Diderot - [Electronic resource] - Access mode - URL: http://www.youfrase.ru/aphorisme.php?author=212&perline=3 (accessed 20.11.13).

2. Lungu B.D. Research of various approaches in the method of constructing teaching aids // qualifying work - [Electronic resource] - Access mode - URL: http://knowledge.allbest.ru/programming/2c0b65625b2bd68a4c43a88421316d26_0.html (accessed 03.10.13).

3. Pankratova O.P. Use of e-learning aids in institutions vocational education- [Electronic resource] - Access mode - URL: http://www.moluch.ru/conf/ped/archive/72/4050/

4. Pankratova O.P. Using electronic manuals for students' independent work - [Electronic resource] - Access mode - URL: http://ise.stavsu.ru/pedlab/public/ Using electronic manuals.doc (date of access: 03.10.13).

5. Pankratova O.P. Areas of application of electronic educational aids - [Electronic resource] - Access mode - URL: http://ise.stavsu.ru/pedlab/public/ Areas of application of el settlement.doc (date of access: 03.10.13).

6. Piskunova A.I. History of Pedagogy and Education. From the origin of education in primitive society to the end of the 20th century: a textbook for pedagogical educational institutions. M.: Efess, 2007. - 496 p.

7.Development laboratory work on the topic "Creation of electronic teaching aids" for the course "NIT in education" // final work - [Electronic resource] - Access mode - URL: http://otherreferats.allbest.ru/pedagogics/00183063_0.html (accessed 03.11. 13 years).

Introduction

The widespread availability of affordable computers has led to the emergence of many new ways of presenting information. One of these methods was the gradually gaining popularity of electronic textbooks. Electronic textbooks are only one of the options for publishing and have fewer opportunities in terms of presenting information - however, it is worth noting that there is no clear distinction between these concepts.

In the form of electronic textbooks, user manuals, reference books, newsletters, instructions, advertising brochures, booklets and similar informational, educational and promotional literature are drawn up. The reason is simple - it is much more convenient to work with such literature in electronic (rather than paper) form, and for authors and publishers, the electronic version of publication is often much more attractive.

Compared to traditional paper publications, electronic publications are not limited to the presentation of text and pictures - they can include animation, video, music, a variety of visual effects, and even be interactive. For example, they can collect information and send data over the Internet, interact with other software, be used to organize testing, perform calculations, etc.

In addition to being creative, electronic publishing also has certain economic advantages: shorter creation time, faster updates (republishing), and much lower cost.

In addition, due to the special compression methods used, electronic publications are compact in size, which expands the possibilities of their distribution - electronic materials can be transferred on CDs, DVDs and even floppy disks, distributed via websites or sent by e-mail. Thus, the theme of the graduation project is relevant.

The object of the study is an electronic textbook.

The subject of the study is the e-learning Toolkit, hereinafter (EUMP) in one of the sections of computer science - computer graphics.

To achieve this goal, we single out the following tasks:

1. Design of EUMP;

2. Selection of the necessary material for the implementation of the project;

3. Debugging of theoretical and practical material;

4. Processing of appearance;

5. ES testing.

1. Formulation of the problem

1.1 Organizational and economic essence of the task

The following definitions of the electronic textbook follow from various sources:

This is a collection of graphic, text, digital, speech, music, video, photos and other information, as well as printed user documentation. An electronic publication can be executed on any electronic medium - magnetic (magnetic tape, magnetic disk, etc.), optical (CD-ROM, DVD, CD-R, CD-1, CD+, etc.), as well as published in an electronic computer networks;

It contains systematized material on the relevant scientific and practical field of knowledge, to ensure creative and active mastering of knowledge, skills and abilities by students and students in this area. EUMP (electronic educational methodological manual) should be distinguished by a high level of performance and artistic design, completeness of information, quality of methodological tools, quality of technical performance, clarity, logic and consistency of presentation;

An educational publication containing a systematic presentation of an academic discipline or its section, part, corresponding state standard and curriculum and officially approved as a given type of publication;

This is an electronic publication that partially or completely replaces or supplements the textbook and is officially approved as this type of publication;

This is a text presented in electronic form and equipped with an extensive system of links that allows you to instantly move from one of its fragments to another in accordance with a certain hierarchy of fragments.

As in the creation of any complex systems, when preparing an electronic textbook, the talent and skill of the authors are decisive for success. Nevertheless, there are well-established forms of electronic textbooks, more precisely, constructive elements from which a textbook can be built.

Test. Outwardly, this simplest form electronic textbook. The main difficulty is the selection and formulation of questions, as well as the interpretation of answers to questions. good test allows you to get an objective picture of the knowledge, skills and abilities that a student has in a particular subject area.

Encyclopedia. This is the basic form of an electronic textbook. At the content level, the term encyclopedia means that the information contained in an electronic textbook must be complete and even redundant in relation to educational standards.

Task book. The task book in the electronic textbook most naturally performs the function of learning. The student receives educational information needed to solve a specific problem. The main problem is the selection of tasks that cover all the theoretical material.

Creative environment. Modern electronic textbooks should ensure the student's creative work with the objects of study and with models of systems of interacting objects. Exactly creative work, better within the framework of the project formulated by the teacher, contributes to the formation and consolidation of a set of skills and abilities in the student. The creative environment allows students to work collectively on a project.

Author's environment. An electronic textbook should be adaptable to the educational process. That is, allow to take into account the characteristics of a particular specialty, a particular student. This requires an appropriate authoring environment.

Such an environment, for example, ensures the inclusion of additional materials in the electronic encyclopedia, allows you to replenish the problem book, prepare handouts and teaching aids on the subject. In fact, this is a kind of tool with which the electronic textbook itself is created.

non-verbal environment. Traditionally, e-textbooks are verbal in nature. They present the theory in textual or graphical form. This is the legacy of printing publications. But in the electronic textbook it is possible to implement the methodical technique “do as I do”. Such an environment endows the electronic textbook with the features of a living teacher.

The listed forms of an electronic textbook can be implemented as separate electronic textbooks or grouped within a single ensemble. It all depends on the intention of the author. The author must have knowledge of the history and possibilities of electronic textbooks. The success of an e-textbook will depend on how it fits into the learning process.

Consider the main stages of developing an electronic textbook:

Choice of sources. When developing an ES, it is advisable to select as sources such printed and electronic publications that most fully correspond to the standard program, are concise and convenient for creating texts, contain a large number of examples and tasks, and are available in convenient formats (the principle of collection).

Development of a table of contents and a list of concepts. The material is divided into sections, consisting of modules, minimal in volume, but closed in content, and a list of concepts that are necessary and sufficient for mastering the subject is compiled.

Processing of texts into modules by sections. The texts of the sources are reworked in accordance with the table of contents and the structure of the modules; texts that are not included in the lists are excluded, and those that are not in the sources are added; links between modules and other hypertext links are defined. Thus, a hypertext project is being prepared for computer implementation.

Implementation in electronic form. When creating a textbook, the text is implemented in electronic form. As a result, a primitive electronic edition is created, which can be used for educational purposes.

Development of computer support. Computer support is being developed. Instructions for users on the use of the intelligent core of the EU are being developed. Now the electronic textbook is ready for further improvement (voicing and visualization) using multimedia tools.

Selection of material for multimedia implementation. The ways of explaining individual concepts and statements are changed and texts are selected.

In economic terms, EUMP is distributed completely free of charge.

1.2 Input information

The following is used as input information for the electronic textbook:

1. Lecture material;

2. Control materials;

3. User manual;

4. Help.

1.3 Imprint

The output information of the software product is the pages of the electronic manual, which includes practical material (Fig. 1) and lecture material. (Fig.2).

1.4 Hardware

This thesis project was completed on a computer that has the following configuration:

1. Processor - Intel (R) Pentium (R) 4 CPU 2.40 GHz;

2. Motherboard - ASUS P4P800 Deluxe (Socket 370, Dimm, AGP 4X, software audio);

RAM - 1GB;

Video card Geforse 7600 GT 256 Mb;

Monitor GREEN WOOD 17 TFT;

CD-ROM drives 52sp IDE ASUS CD-S520/A OEM;

7. Keyboard Genius KB-06x PS/2 Black;

8. Optical mouse Mouse Wind Rover Scroll 4-but Optical (USB).

1.5 Software

Operating system Windows XP Professional. The main purpose of operating systems is to ensure the interaction of man, equipment and programs. Many new, more powerful tools and technologies are available when you work with the Windows XP Professional operating system. With the help of the "Search Companion" tool, you can quickly find the information you need.

The creation of a data structure for an electronic textbook is based on the Windows help system, which has several obvious advantages, the main of which is the already implemented navigation system, which includes a keyword search system, automatic glossary creation, and the ability to print documents. Help files can contain formatted text, graphics, and animations. However, the creation of such files requires special software with which the compilation process is carried out, the help files themselves cannot be changed dynamically - this requires a compiler. Help files cannot contain programming elements, the help system does not contain any internal language for creating them. But, instead of this, there is a tool with which we can run executable files located on the hard drive of the local computer. There is also some separation between text material and training (or testing) programs. XP is the most reliable and secure operating system from the Windows family. Firstly, it is Internet Connection Firewall - a simple network firewall (screen) that ensures the security of working with the Internet, but controls only incoming traffic. Secondly, these are new group policies that allow you to assign or restrict the rights of certain software, prohibit the installation of software that is not protected by a digital certificate of code, and much more. SunRav BookOffice was used to create the tutorial. This program is a package of two independent applications: Book Editor is used to create e-books and textbooks (files in *.srb format), and Book Reader allows you to read them. Book Editor. An e-book can be created from any text document or from a set of HTML, RTF, DOC, TXT and CHM files. If a set of files is specified when importing into the Book Editor, each of them will be inserted into the book as a separate chapter. In the future, the user can, at his own discretion, build a hierarchy of chapters, sections and subsections, the nesting depth is not limited.

Fragments of the text of an e-book can be subjected to all sorts of formatting methods: bold or italicized, underlined, subscripted or superscripted, and so on. Individual paragraphs can be formatted in the same way as in MS Word: background color settings, borders, different alignment, indents, line spacing, etc. are available. The user can define an arbitrary set of text properties, save it as a style, and apply it later to any selected piece of text.

Bulleted and numbered lists, images, hyperlinks, tables, as well as various elements of the Windows interface can be inserted into the text: buttons, drop-down lists, checkboxes, text fields, and so on. In addition, links to tests created with tTester can be inserted into the book. In this case, the book becomes a real textbook, after reading each chapter of which the student is asked to pass the appropriate test.

Several books can be combined into one, and internal hyperlinks to various chapters and sections of the book can be added to the text. All available chapters and sections are presented in a tree structure on the left side of the editor window. This helps you quickly navigate through the contents of the book.

In the process of creating a book, the user can check the text for grammatical errors and create a set of keywords for each chapter. Keywords will help you quickly find the right section of the book when reading it in SunRav Book Reader.

Any book can be password protected, both from changing the content and from reading by strangers. The book can be saved not only in its own *.srb format, but also as a set of HTML files, an RTF (Universal Rich Text Storage Format) or CHM (Help) file. Book Reader. This program allows you to read text documents in TXT, RTF, HTML, DOC and some other formats. Including, of course, books created in the SunRav Book Editor program.

The application has a built-in auto-scroll function. The user adjusts the speed at which the text will move across the screen (similar to the end credits in a movie), and can view the book without touching the mouse or keyboard. It is also possible to voice the text using the reading systems installed on the computer, the Text-to-speech engine.

It is possible to view the book both in full-screen mode, without menus and control panels, and with the display of a tree-like structure of the content. The user, at his discretion, increases or decreases the font size, which helps to save eyesight when reading a lot of information from the screen.

For the convenience of moving through the book, a system of bookmarks is built into the program. If the book was created in the SunRav Book Editor program and it contains a set of keywords, then the user can search for the desired information by keywords. In addition, full-text search and printing of the entire book on a printer is possible.

2. Working part

2.1 Model (method) for solving problems

electronic textbook methodical manual

Here a diagram is being built - the project of this work. In the parent diagram, the main block is - "Electronic textbook on the discipline" Informatics "(see Appendix A).

Block B is functional model, which branches into 5 blocks: development, design; implementation; debugging, testing, (see Appendix B).

The model always begins with a representation of the system as a single whole of a single functional block with interface arrows extending beyond the considered area.

2.2 Description of the algorithm for solving problems

Start. Material selection.

Choosing a program for writing EUMP.

Creation of EUMP.

Debugging and testing EUMP.

List of used literature

Completion.

2.3 Description of the program

The EUMP was created using the SunRav Book Office program. The EUMP contains 3 parts:

1. Theoretical part - consists of lectures on this chapter.

2. Practical part - consists of practical tasks.

A testing program is a program in which a teacher or specialist can test students or employees.

2.4 User's manual

1. In order to start using the EUMP, you need to open the file "Informatics.exe". The main page of the electronic textbook, which is called "Introduction", will appear on the monitor screen. (Figure 3).

To get acquainted with the working material of this manual, you need to click on the "Contents" button (Fig. 4). After that, a list will open, in which all the chapters and sections contained in the EUMP will be presented.

To select the chapter you are interested in, click on it with the left mouse button. The material will open on the right side of the textbook (Fig. 5).

To exit from any chapter in the "Contents" menu, press the "Back" button (Fig. 6).

5. In order to close the EUMP, click the red cross in the upper right corner. Or on the panel of the textbook "Exit the program" (Fig. 7).

Fig.7

3. Debugging and maintenance of the program

3.1 Test case

When performing this thesis project, real data were used. All chapters, items open instantly. All drawings are clear and bright. EUMP is made in color version.

3.2 Ways to debug and test a program

Debugging, as we have already said, is of two types:

Syntax debugging. Syntax errors are detected by the compiler, so fixing them is fairly easy.

Semantic (semantic) debugging. Its time comes when there are no syntax errors left, but the program produces incorrect results. Here the compiler itself will not be able to detect anything, although in the programming environment there are usually auxiliary debugging tools, which we will talk about later.

Debugging is the process of locating and fixing bugs in a program.

No matter how carefully we write, debugging almost always takes longer than programming.

Error detection methods:

Analytical - having a sufficient understanding of the structure of the program, we view its text manually, without a run.

Experimental - we run the program using debug printing and tracing tools, and analyze the results of its work. Both methods are convenient in their own way and are usually used together.

In addition to techniques, it would be nice to have an idea of ​​the tools that help us identify errors. It:

Emergency printing - displaying messages about the abnormal completion of individual blocks and the entire program as a whole.

Printing in the nodes of the program - the output of intermediate values ​​of the parameters in the places chosen by the programmer. Usually, these are critical sections of the algorithm (for example, the value on which the further progress of execution depends) or components of complex formulas (separately calculate and display the numerator and denominator of a large fraction).

Direct Tracking:

Arithmetic (behind what is equal, when and how the selected variables change);

Boolean (when and how the selected sequence of statements is executed);

Control of indexes going beyond acceptable limits;

Tracking access to variables;

Tracking calls to subroutines;

Checking the values ​​of indexes of array elements, etc.

Today's development environments often invite us to respond to a problem in a conversational manner. In doing so, you can:

View the current values ​​of variables, the state of memory, the section of the algorithm where the failure occurred;

Abort program execution;

Make changes to the program and run it again (in compiler environments, this will require recompiling the code; in interpreter environments, execution can be continued directly from the changed statement).

3.3 Protection of the software product

Software products and computer databases are the subject of intellectual work of highly qualified specialists. The process of designing and implementing software products is characterized by significant material and labor costs, is based on the use of science-intensive technologies and tools, and requires the use of an appropriate level of expensive computer technology. This necessitates taking measures to protect the interests of the program developer and the creators of computer databases from their unauthorized use.

Protection is not provided for this software product, since it belongs to public and open access programs.

Conclusion

During the development of this software tool, a software tool was implemented for distance learning students, which is part of the educational and methodological complex of the university. The functions of displaying lectures were implemented in the software of the electronic textbook. An intuitive and friendly interface has been created, a testing method has been created to give flexibility to knowledge control and monitoring the student's learning process.

On the this moment Most of the existing software of electronic textbooks are closed systems with rigid models that do not allow adapting a specific type of knowledge to a specific way of presenting information. In this regard, electronic teaching aids that are part of the educational and methodological complexes are rarely used as the main type of training. As a rule, manuals are additions to the course of lectures, and most of them do not meet the requirements for electronic teaching aids.

Based on this, we can conclude that the use of progressive teaching methods in most cases gives a positive result, but to organize the learning process only at distance learning courses that are part of educational and methodical complexes until you can. In the course of the work, an electronic educational methodological manual was designed, which will later be used to train schoolchildren and university students in full-time and in absentia learning. The goal that was set at the beginning of the creation of the EUMP was successfully achieved.

Bibliography

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Annex B

Annex B

For the modern information society in the conditions of modernization of education, purposeful training of a modern competitive specialist is necessary. AT educational process middle vocational school it is most expedient to use various forms of information and communication technologies for deep and comprehensive education of students.

One of the directions of this work of the teacher at present is the creation of electronic teaching aids for disciplines, courses and, in the context of the introduction of the Federal State Educational Standard, modules. This is due to the low availability of specialized literature for technical specialties of secondary vocational schools, which would take into account the latest changes and achievements in production.

Despite the fact that the term e-learning tool is becoming more widespread, different authors put a significantly different meaning into it. Let's try to formulate the concept.

An electronic textbook is an educational electronic publication created at a high scientific, methodological and technical level, partially replacing or supplementing a regular textbook. The content of the electronic textbook must comply with the requirements and content of the program of the educational discipline approved in the established educational institution okay.

It is necessary to clearly define the distinguishing features of an electronic textbook from its printed counterpart. They are as follows:

1. Each printed textbook (on paper) is designed for a certain level of students' preparation and assumes the final level of education. An electronic manual for a specific academic subject may contain material of several levels of complexity. At the same time, it will be all placed on one laser CD, contain illustrations and animations for the text, multivariate tasks for testing knowledge in an interactive mode for each level.

2. The visibility in the electronic textbook is much higher than in the printed one. This advantage is achieved through multimedia technologies: animation, sound, hyperlinks, videos, etc. In an electronic textbook, it is possible to present physical processes in dynamics, visual representation of objects that are inaccessible for direct observation, as well as computer simulation of processes and objects that require unique or expensive equipment and materials for their study.

3. Electronic manual provides a variety of verification tasks and tests. It allows all tasks and tests to be given in an interactive and learning mode. For example, with an incorrect answer, you can give the correct answer with explanations and comments.

4. In an electronic manual, it is possible to organize contextual hints, which allows, for example, organizing independent work of students (in a printed version, in a similar situation, one would have to look for the necessary hint from the Internet, books, go to the library for reference literature, etc.).

5. The use of hypertext links that allow you to instantly find the desired concept, in a matter of seconds, "flip through" many pages of the text being studied.

6. Electronic teaching aids are open systems in their structure. They can be supplemented, corrected, modified during operation, which is especially important for a creative teacher.

7. To ensure versatility in use and depending on the purpose of development, e-tutorials may have a different structure. For example, for use in the classroom, you can create an electronic manual that supports the program in a particular subject and submit educational material according to the existing thematic planning. It is possible to develop an e-learning tool without being tied to thematic planning, but simply following the curriculum for a specific course. You can create manuals on the principle of vertical study of educational material.