The rapidly developing region occupies 30% of the entire earth's land, which is 43 million km². It extends from the Pacific Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea, from the tropics to the North Pole. He has very interesting story, rich past and unique traditions. More than half (60%) of the world's population lives here - 4 billion people! What Asia looks like on the world map can be seen below.

All Asian countries on the maps

Asia world map:

political map overseas Asia:

physical map Asia:

Countries and capitals of Asia:

List of Asian countries and their capitals

A map of Asia with countries gives a clear idea of ​​their location. The list below is the capitals of Asian countries:

1. Azerbaijan, Baku.
2. Armenia - Yerevan.
3. Afghanistan - Kabul.
4. Bangladesh - Dhaka.
5. Bahrain - Manama.
6. Brunei - Bandar Seri Begawan.
7. Bhutan - Thimphu.
8. East Timor - Dili.
9. Vietnam - .
10. Hong Kong - Hong Kong.
11. Georgia, Tbilisi.
12. Israel - .
13. - Jakarta.
14. Jordan - Amman.
15. Iraq - Baghdad.
16. Iran - Tehran.
17. Yemen - Sana'a.
18. Kazakhstan, Astana.
19. Cambodia - Phnom Penh.
20. Qatar - Doha.
21. - Nicosia.
22. Kyrgyzstan - Bishkek.
23. China - Beijing.
24. North Korea - Pyongyang.
25. Kuwait - El Kuwait.
26. Laos - Vientiane.
27. Lebanon - Beirut.
28. Malaysia - .
29. - Male.
30. Mongolia - Ulaanbaatar.
31. Myanmar - Yangon.
32. Nepal - Kathmandu.
33. United Arab Emirates - .
34. Oman - Muscat.
35. Pakistan - Islamabad.
36. Saudi Arabia - Riyadh.
37. - Singapore.
38. Syria - Damascus.
39. Tajikistan - Dushanbe.
40. Thailand - .
41. Turkmenistan - Ashgabat.
42. Turkey - Ankara.
43. - Tashkent.
44. Philippines - Manila.
45. - Colombo.
46. – Seoul.
47. - Tokyo.

In addition, there are partially recognized countries, for example, Taiwan separated from China with the capital Taipei.

Attractions of the Asian region

The name is of Assyrian origin and means "sunrise" or "east", which is not surprising. Part of the world is distinguished by rich relief, mountains and peaks, including highest peak world - Everest (Chomolungma), which is part of the Himalayas. Here are all natural areas and landscapes, on its territory there is the deepest lake in the world -. Countries of foreign Asia in last years confidently leading in terms of the number of tourists. Mysterious and incomprehensible traditions for Europeans, religious buildings, the interweaving of ancient culture with the latest technologies attract inquisitive travelers. Not to list all the iconic sights of this region, you can only try to highlight the most famous.

Taj Mahal (India, Agra)

A romantic monument, a symbol of eternal love and a magnificent building, in front of which people freeze in a daze, the Taj Mahal Palace, listed as one of the new seven wonders of the world. The mosque was erected by a descendant of Tamerlane Shah Jahan in memory of his deceased wife, who died in childbirth, giving birth to the 14th child. Taj Mahal is recognized as the best example of the Great Mughals, including Arabic, Persian and Indian architectural styles. The walls of the building are made of translucent marble and inlaid with gems. Depending on the light, the stone changes color, becoming pink at dawn, silvery at dusk, and dazzling white at noon.

Mount Fuji (Japan)

This is a landmark place for Buddhists who practice Sintaism. The height of Fujiyama is 3776 m, in fact, it is a dormant volcano, which should not wake up in the coming decades. It is recognized as the most beautiful in the world. Tourist routes are laid on the mountain, operating only in summer, since most of Fujiyama is covered with eternal snow. The mountain itself and the 5 Lakes of Fuji area around it are part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park.

The largest architectural ensemble of the world stretches across Northern China for 8860 km (including branches). The construction of the Wall went on in the 3rd century BC. and had the goal of protecting the country from the Xiongnu conquerors. The construction dragged on for a decade, about a million Chinese worked on it and thousands died from exhausting labor in inhuman conditions. All this served as a pretext for the uprising and the overthrow of the Qin dynasty. The wall is extremely organically inscribed in the landscape; it repeats all the curves of the spurs and depressions, encircling the mountain range.

Borobudur Temple (Indonesia, Java)

Among the rice plantations of the island rises an ancient giant structure in the form of a pyramid - the largest and most revered Buddhist temple in the world 34 m high. Steps and terraces surrounding it lead upstairs. From the point of view of Buddhism, Borobudur is nothing more than a model of the universe. Its 8 tiers mark 8 steps to enlightenment: the first is the world of sensual pleasures, the next three are the world of yogic trance that has risen above base lust. Rising higher, the soul is cleansed of all vain things and gains immortality in the heavenly sphere. The upper step represents nirvana - a state of eternal bliss and peace.

Buddha Golden Stone (Myanmar)

A Buddhist shrine flaunts on Mount Chaittiyo (Mon State). It can be shaken by hands, but no forces can throw it off its pedestal, for 2500 years the elements have not brought down a stone. In fact, it is a granite block covered with gold leaf, and its top is crowned by a Buddhist temple. Until now, the riddle has not been solved - who dragged him up the mountain, how, for what purpose and how he has been balancing on the edge for centuries. Buddhists themselves claim that the stone is held on the rock by the hair of the Buddha, immured in the temple.

Asia is a fertile land for laying new routes, knowing oneself and one's destiny. You need to go here meaningfully, tuning in to thoughtful contemplation. Perhaps you will discover yourself from a new side and find answers to many questions. When visiting Asian countries, you can make a list of sights and shrines yourself.

Asia is the largest part of the world, forming Eurasia together with Europe. If we calculate the approximate area of ​​Asia, then together with all the islands it will be 43.4 million square kilometers. As for the population, according to the situation in 2009, its number was 4.117 billion people, which corresponds to more than 60% of the total population of the planet.

The mainland of Asia is located in the northern and eastern hemispheres, with the exception of the Chukotka Peninsula. The Isthmus of Suez connects it with Africa, while North America is separated from Asia only by the narrow Bering Strait.

At the present time, the border between Europe and Asia is determined conditionally, taking into account, first of all, administrative divisions. It is traditionally believed that the eastern foot of the Ural Mountains is such a line that further extends to the southern continuation of the Urals - Mugodzhary - mountains located in the western part of Kazakhstan. Then it continues along the Emba River, originating at western slope Mugodzhar and lost in salt marshes just five kilometers from the Caspian Sea. Further, the border goes along the Araks River, the upper reaches of which are located on the territory of Turkey, separating most of the Ararat plain to Armenia, while the lower reaches already belong to Azerbaijan. In the same way, the Black and Marmara Seas are intermediate points between Asia Minor and Europe, in particular, the Bosphorus Strait, as well as further, the Dardanelles Strait, connecting the Marmara Sea with the Aegean.

In addition to these seas, Asia in its western part is washed by other inland seas belonging to the Atlantic Ocean: the Sea of ​​Azov and the Mediterranean. However, this part of Eurasia is washed by all the other oceans - both the Pacific and Indian, and the Arctic.

The coast of Asia is relatively poorly dissected - a number of large peninsulas are distinguished in it: Asia Minor, which makes up the middle part of Turkey, and in the southwest of the mainland there is the Arabian Peninsula, with the southern part of Iraq and Jordan, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates and Oman ; Hindustan, most of which is occupied by the Deccan Plateau; Korean Peninsula - between the Japanese and Yellow Seas; and in Russia - Taimyr, Chukotka and Kamchatka.

More than two million square kilometers are occupied in Asia by large islands, for the most part of continental origin, such as, for example, Sri Lanka; Greater Sunda, forming the Malay Archipelago, which includes the islands of Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan and Sulawesi; Japanese, the largest of which are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku; Taiwan and adjacent Pescadores; the archipelago of the Philippine Islands, consisting of more than seven thousand islands, the largest of them are Luzon, Mindanao, Mindoro, Leyte, Samar, Negros and Panay.

There are 54 states on the territory of Asia, of which four are only partially recognized: these are Abkhazia, South Ossetia, the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus and the Republic of China (Taiwan). A number of countries geographic location could refer to this continent, but for socio-cultural reasons, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Turkey and Cyprus are still often referred to as Europe.

The video lesson is devoted to the topic "Political Map of Foreign Asia". This topic is the first in the section of lessons on Foreign Asia. You will get acquainted with the diverse and interesting countries of Asia, which play a significant role in the modern economy due to their financial, geopolitical influences and features of the economic and geographical position. The teacher will tell in detail about the composition, borders, and originality of the countries of Foreign Asia.

Theme: Overseas Asia

Lesson:Political map of Overseas Asia

Foreign Asia is the largest in terms of population (more than 4 billion people) and the second (after Africa) in area region of the world, and it retains this primacy, in essence, throughout the entire existence of human civilization. The area of ​​foreign Asia is 27 million square meters. km, it includes more than 40 sovereign states. Many of them are among the oldest in the world. Foreign Asia is one of the origins of mankind, the birthplace of agriculture, artificial irrigation, cities, many cultural values ​​and scientific achievements. The region mainly consists of developing countries.

The region includes countries of different sizes: two of them are giant countries (China, India), there are very large ones (Mongolia, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Indonesia), the rest are mainly classified as fairly large countries. The boundaries between them pass along well-defined natural boundaries.

Peculiarities of the EGP of Asian countries:

1. Neighborhood.

2. Seaside position.

3. Deep position of some countries.

The first two features have a beneficial effect on their economy, and the third complicates external economic relations.

Rice. 1. Map of foreign Asia ()

Major countries Asia by population (2012)
(according to CIA)

	Country	Population (thousand people)
	Indonesia
	Pakistan
	Bangladesh
	Philippines
		Developed countries in Asia: Japan, Israel, Republic of Korea, Singapore. All other countries in the region are developing countries. The least developed countries in Asia: Afghanistan, Yemen, Bangladesh, Nepal, Laos, etc. China, Japan, India have the largest GDP, per capita - Qatar, Singapore, UAE, Kuwait. By the nature of the administrative-territorial structure, most Asian countries have a unitary structure. The following countries have a federal administrative-territorial structure: India, Malaysia, Pakistan, UAE, Nepal, Iraq. Regions of Asia: 1. Southwest. 3. Southeast. 4. Eastern. 5. Central. Rice. 3. Map of regions of foreign Asia () Homework Topic 7, Item 1 1. What regions (sub-regions) are distinguished in foreign Asia? Bibliography Main 1. Geography. A basic level of. 10-11 cells: Textbook for educational institutions/ A.P. Kuznetsov, E.V. Kim. - 3rd ed., stereotype. - M.: Bustard, 2012. - 367 p. 2. Economic and social geography of the world: Proc. for 10 cells. educational institutions / V.P. Maksakovskiy. - 13th ed. - M .: Education, JSC "Moscow textbooks", 2005. - 400 p. 3. Atlas with a set of contour maps for grade 10. Economic and social geography of the world. - Omsk: Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Omsk Cartographic Factory", 2012. - 76 p. Additional 1. Economic and social geography of Russia: Textbook for universities / Ed. prof. A.T. Khrushchev. - M.: Bustard, 2001. - 672 p.: ill., cart.: tsv. incl. Encyclopedias, dictionaries, reference books and statistical collections 1. Geography: a guide for high school students and university applicants. - 2nd ed., corrected. and dorab. - M.: AST-PRESS SCHOOL, 2008. - 656 p. Literature for preparing for the GIA and the Unified State Examination 1. Thematic control in geography. Economic and social geography of the world. Grade 10 / E.M. Ambartsumova. - M.: Intellect-Centre, 2009. - 80 p. 2. The most complete edition of typical options for real USE assignments: 2010. Geography / Comp. Yu.A. Solovyov. - M.: Astrel, 2010. - 221 p. 3. The optimal bank of tasks for preparing students. Unified state exam 2012. Geography: Tutorial/ Comp. EM. Ambartsumova, S.E. Dyukov. - M.: Intellect-Centre, 2012. - 256 p. 4. The most complete edition of typical options for real tasks of the USE: 2010: Geography / Comp. Yu.A. Solovyov. - M.: AST: Astrel, 2010. - 223 p. 5. Geography. Diagnostic work in the format of the Unified State Examination 2011. - M .: MTSNMO, 2011. - 72 p. 6. USE 2010. Geography. Collection of tasks / Yu.A. Solovyov. - M.: Eksmo, 2009. - 272 p. 7. Tests in geography: Grade 10: to the textbook by V.P. Maksakovskiy “Economic and social geography of the world. Grade 10 / E.V. Baranchikov. - 2nd ed., stereotype. - M.: Publishing house "Exam", 2009. - 94 p. 8. Study guide for geography. Tests and practical tasks in geography / I.A. Rodionov. - M.: Moscow Lyceum, 1996. - 48 p. 9. The most complete edition of typical options for real USE assignments: 2009. Geography / Comp. Yu.A. Solovyov. - M.: AST: Astrel, 2009. - 250 p. 10. Unified state exam 2009. Geography. Universal materials for the preparation of students / FIPI - M .: Intellect-Center, 2009. - 240 p. 11. Geography. Answers on questions. Oral exam, theory and practice / V.P. Bondarev. - M.: Publishing house "Exam", 2003. - 160 p. 12. USE 2010. Geography: thematic training tasks / O.V. Chicherina, Yu.A. Solovyov. - M.: Eksmo, 2009. - 144 p. 13. USE 2012. Geography: Standard exam options: 31 options / Ed. V.V. Barabanova. - M.: National Education, 2011. - 288 p. 14. USE 2011. Geography: Standard exam options: 31 options / Ed. V.V. Barabanova. - M.: National Education, 2010. - 280 p. Materials on the Internet 1. Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements ( ). 2. federal portal Russian Education ().

Asia is washed by the Arctic, Indian and Pacific oceans, and also - in the west - by the inland seas of the Atlantic Ocean (Azov, Black, Marble, Aegean, Mediterranean). At the same time, there are vast areas of internal runoff - the basins of the Caspian and Aral Seas, Lake Balkhash, etc. Lake Baikal, in terms of the volume of water contained fresh water surpasses all the lakes of the world; 20% of the world's fresh water reserves are concentrated in Baikal (excluding glaciers). The Dead Sea is the world's deepest tectonic depression (-405 meters below sea level). The coast of Asia as a whole is relatively poorly dissected, large peninsulas stand out - Asia Minor, Arabian, Hindustan, Korean, Kamchatka, Chukotka, Taimyr, etc. Near the coast of Asia - large islands (Great Sunda, Novosibirsk, Sakhalin, Severnaya Zemlya, Taiwan, Philippine, Hainan, Sri Lanka, Japanese, etc.), occupying an aggregate area of ​​more than 2 million km².

At the base of Asia are four huge platforms - Arabian, Indian, Chinese and Siberian. Up to ¾ of the territory of the part of the world is occupied by mountains and plateaus, the highest of which are concentrated in Central and Central Asia. In general, Asia is a contrasting region in terms of absolute elevations. On the one hand, here is the highest peak in the world - Mount Chomolungma (8848 m), on the other hand, the deepest depressions - Lake Baikal with a depth of up to 1620 m and the Dead Sea, whose level is 392 m below sea level. East Asia is an area of ​​​​active volcanism .

Asia is rich in various minerals (in particular, fuel and energy raw materials).

Almost all types of climate are represented in Asia - from arctic in the far north to equatorial in the southeast. In East, South and Southeast Asia, the climate is monsoonal (within Asia there is the wettest place on Earth - the place of Cherrapunji in the Himalayas), while in Western Siberia- continental, Eastern Siberia and on Saryarka - sharply continental, and on the plains of Central, Central and Western Asia - semi-desert and desert climate of the temperate and subtropical zones. Southwest Asia - tropical desert, the hottest within Asia.

The extreme north of Asia is occupied by tundra. To the south is the taiga. Fertile black earth steppes are located in western Asia. Most of Central Asia, from the Red Sea to Mongolia, is occupied by deserts. The largest of them is the Gobi Desert. The Himalayas separate Central Asia from the tropics of South and Southeast Asia.

The Himalayas are the highest mountain range in the world. The rivers, on the territory of the basins of which the Himalayas are located, carry silt to the fields of the south, forming fertile soils.

The list of Central Asian countries is not too extensive, but the regions themselves occupy a sufficient part of the land in their territory. These regions have their own economy, rich history, and unique cultural heritage. Before traveling for a holiday in these regions, you should familiarize yourself with the basic geographical information, superficially study the culture, economic nuances, and many other useful aspects.

Asia is conditionally divided into the following regions: Southern part, Northern part, East Asia, South-Eastern part, Western part, Central Asia, Central part, Southwestern part.

The composition of South Asia: Bangladesh, Afghanistan, India, Iran, Nepal, Pakistan, Bhutan, Maldives and Sri Lanka.

The central part includes: Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and the eastern Russian part.

Countries of Central-East Asia: the same as in the central part, but all of Korea, China, Japan and Mongolia are additionally joined from the east.

Western part: Armenia, Palestine, Azerbaijan, Saudi Arabia, Georgia, Turkey, Bahrain, Syria, Israel, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Oman, Kuwait, Cyprus, Lebanon and Iraq.

The southeastern part consists of: Malaysia, Vietnam, Indonesia, Myanmar, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Singapore, Laos, Philippines, Cambodia, Laos.

The central part of Asia is the middle territory of the region, familiar to most people who previously lived on the former borders of the USSR, in which Kazakhstan did not fit earlier. Based on ethnic and cultural characteristics, the territorial composition of the Asian middle part may also include eastern Turkic peoples, such as the inhabitants of Tibet and the Mongols. Central Asia is surrounded by land on all sides, there is no access to large bodies of water. The Caspian Sea does not flow anywhere, the reservoir has no outlet. The geographical center of Asia is the Republic of Tuva, located on the territory of the Russian Federation.

The central part of Asia will in any case consist of the Central Asian republics of the previously known USSR and Kazakhstan. Also, this conditionally divided territorial marking includes, in part or in full, other states. List of Central Asian countries:

• - depending on various geographical sources, this country can be fully or partially included in other centers, for example, in the front or southern part of Asia;
• Indian region Ladakh;
• It enters the central part only partially, but still most of it belongs to the western region;
• - partially;
• - fully;
• is part of the territorial composition of Central Asia, but if we consider the political aspect, then this site belongs to the eastern side;
• - closer to the eastern center than to the middle;
• geographically - central, but the political aspect refers it to the eastern territories;
• Part of the Russian Federation;

Historical and cultural heritage in the central countries

Today, the central part of Asia consists of five full-fledged states: Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. Previously, according to the Soviet state, Kazakhstan was not included in the list of the above Islamic states, it was equated closer to the Siberian region in Russia. Nonetheless, modern world believes otherwise that Kazakhstan is the middle part of Asia, and not otherwise. The total territorial area of ​​the Central Asian region is 3 million 994 thousand 300 square kilometers.

The region also includes some of the world's smallest countries. In general, the population does not exceed 51 million inhabitants, and this number includes more than a hundred nationalities known to the world. Among them there are also residents of Tibet, Koreans, Germans and Austrians. The largest nation in the central region is the Uzbeks. The number of Uzbekistan today exceeds 30 million inhabitants, and in neighboring countries they are also found as national minorities, therefore this nation is recognized as the most numerous.

For the period of 1992, more than 10 million Russian inhabitants lived in the territory of the Central Asian region, but after the collapse of the USSR, large-scale migration began, as a result of which the number of Russians greatly decreased in the territories of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan.

In the most populous country - Uzbekistan - there are famous ancient historical cities that carry all the safety of the country's culture. In the past, these are great states with rich history- imperial nomadic civilizations and centers of development of Islam in the Central Asian part.

For many centuries, students came from all over the continent to receive better education as this region was famous for its good Islamic colleges. Also in the center of Asia, Sufism, a widespread Islamic movement of the 7-8th century AD, was born. In addition to all this, the central part was famous for its pilgrimage sites, and the development of countries was successful compared to neighboring regions.

The Dervish Dance is a ritual to achieve unity with God. it the main objective Sufism - classical Muslim philosophy.