Behind most of the technical conveniences, such as an online bank or an information board at an airport, are specialists in one of the most sought-after professions of our time - programmers. Without them, neither gadgets nor social networks would work. Even ordering new sneakers in an online store would be problematic. Until now, the IT-sphere is only accelerating the pace of development, requiring more and more new employees. Campaigns are ready to hire even beginners. The average salary of a programmer starts from 35 thousand rubles, and even experienced professionals can earn sky-high money.

The profession of a programmer is popular and in demand

In this article, we will tell you how to get into a prestigious profession, who are Senior programmers, and why it will be difficult for you here without English.

Who are programmers and what do they do?

Demands of the IT-sphere for professionals are constantly increasing. Therefore, we need people who will understand this: create, repair, support. Coders are different, and each job has its own specifics. Let's talk about the main specializations of IT specialists:

The most obvious option. But it's not as simple as you might think. Coders perform different tasks depending on their specialized programming language and project.

For example, a mobile application developer creates programs for android, ios and others. Every first person has a smartphone and a tablet, so the work here will not end soon.

Another promising direction is java programming. Most banking systems are designed in this language. Banks are ready to pay well for a quality product to both full-time employees and third-party firms. But the requirements here are high: you will have to be responsible for the correct operation of the application with other people's money. Of course, you can program in java not only in a bank, but good IT-specialists with experience receive about 200 thousand rubles a month.

A tester is a specialist without whom no project will see a release. This IT guy knows all about the intricacies of the code and the places where the program can fail. His duty is to test the stability of the product against errors and bugs and return it to the developers for correction. At first, the check is done manually, but when all the weak points are found, the tester writes a special program to automate troubleshooting.

Another similar profession is qa engeneer, product quality specialist. Its main difference is that it does not look for errors in the code, but tries to avoid them. Find out in detail the requirements of the customer, plan the development, establish communication between groups of programmers - all these are the duties of qa engeneer. Often here you don’t even need to know the programming language, it’s more important to imagine the development stages and project management features.

The profession is attractive with a salary: even a beginner can be paid 50 thousand a month here.

According to a StackOverFlow study, this is the most in-demand IT profession of 2017. Web programmers fall into two categories: front end and back end (they are often coded as UX/UI design). The first monitor everything related to the user part: the convenience of the application and the site, intuitive use and just a beautiful picture. The latter are working on the technical component: the logic of the site, its functions, interaction with the database. To make the page on the Internet look modern, developers take html and php courses, know css, java-script, and python programming.

Your salary will depend on the number of tools you own. HTML layout designers have the smallest remuneration, they receive from 25 thousand per month.

• Programmer 1C

A feature of 1C programming is a close relationship with the economic industry. For example, in order to correctly calculate the salary of 3,000 people at a factory, you need to store data about their working hours, rates, sick days, etc. somewhere. This task is undertaken by 1C-enterprise programs. The 1C programmer sets up accounting and workflow programs so that documents can be easily uploaded and reports generated automatically.

The possible routine of work is more than compensated by the order of salaries. If we talk about a fixed rate, then a novice 1C Programmer will immediately find a job with a salary of 45 thousand per month, and a leading specialist receives from 120. But in the case of freelancing, earnings will depend on your skills and on the number of working hours per week. Professionals earn both 200 and 500K per month.

The debate about real programmers continues to this day.

This IT guy is not exactly a programmer. His peculiarity is that he is well versed in the hardware. Connecting a printer, laptop, projector, setting up its operation, distributing the Internet and designing a tricky local network - that's all for him. Gurus of wires and working printers pay from 25 thousand rubles, and the salary of a system administrator programmer with good experience can reach up to 150 thousand per month.

He is also a product manager, he is also a product owner. The product manager acts as a translator between the customer, who is not versed in information technology, and the executing programmer. It seems that this is work out of nothing - that the customer and programmers themselves will not be able to figure it out?! Well they can't. It is the product manager who can explain to the customer the possibilities of the functionality and then formulate the exact task for IT people. It is the responsibility of the product owner to ensure that the finished application, website or game brings maximum joy and benefit to the user.

• IT Product Director

Any successful IT specialist can reach the highest position in the IT field - chief procurement officer (CPO for short). This person deeply knows the product, understands the coding system, knows the best strategies for creating software. The CIO of an average company may have 30-50 people reporting to him. The average income is… well above average.

Teaching programming at the university

The most obvious way to become a programmer is to enter the appropriate profile at a university. The life of most specialists is no longer possible without IT technologies. Mathematicians, chemists, and biologists are taught to deal with code to some extent. But in order not to suffer on subjects that are not interesting for you and study only specialized disciplines, choose one of the following areas:

Each option has its own characteristics. Scientists graduate from one department, managers from the other, and real anti-hackers from the third! To understand this in more detail, check out our infographic. It is better for future IT specialists to choose technical universities. These profiles are in, and others.

College programming training

You don't have to wait until graduation to do what you love. You can start learning to be a programmer after grade 9, you just need to choose the right college. There are not so many suitable specialties here:

• 09.02.03 Programming in computer systems;
• 09.02.05 Applied Informatics;
• 09.02.07 Information systems and programming.

In total, there are 71 institutions of secondary vocational education in the country with the areas of training we need. These profiles can be found in St. Petersburg College of Information Technologies, Petrovsky College, Novosibirsk College of Electronics and Computer Engineering, in Ural Technological College "MEPhI" and in many others.

Additional education courses

Learning to program in Russia started not so long ago, so finding a quality professional course is a real adventure. Also, not all options are free. In order not to waste your money, pay attention to the reviews, teachers, program and employment prospects.

• Online platforms

You can learn the programming language you like on your own at a convenient pace on one of the learning resources. For example, INTUIT makes it easy to pick up a course on java programming. After successfully passing the final test, the system will issue a free certificate.

• Online schools

If you don’t like the idea of ​​self-study, then take a closer look at online schools. A significant plus is that most often courses are taught by practicing programmers who will not only share general knowledge, but also talk about real interesting cases. At the end of the training, they give a diploma and promise to help with employment. Education is "official", even a tax deduction can be obtained. But it costs quite a lot. The annual course will cost 150 thousand rubles. Here you can see whether it is a big expense or a smart investment in yourself.

• Face-to-face courses

For those who want to see the teacher not through the monitor screen, but live, there are face-to-face courses. For example, MAXIMUM conducts classes on the study of the IT-sphere for schoolchildren Digital Skills. Programming is also there, and you can come to an introductory lesson for free.

How to enter the specialty Programming and what to take?

Universities most often require the results of the Unified State Examination from future IT-specialists in Russian language, profile mathematics and informatics. Some may ask for more English.

What to do now to increase your chances of a successful career as a programmer

It must be understood that the IT-sphere is developing at a tremendous speed. Universities will never physically have time to adapt programs to give students the latest information. The university will lay the foundation in the form of basic language features and standard algorithms. That is why the work of a programmer is impossible without continuous self-education. Programming languages ​​are being modernized, developers are creating new convenient tools to make work easier for themselves and their colleagues, and come up with new algorithms for solving problems. Next, we will tell you where and what else to learn in order to succeed in the IT field:

• Boot up English. Many resources are in English. In order not to wait for someone to take pity and translate the text for you, take care of the language in advance. This is so important that some paid courses give language lessons to their students as part of the main program.
• Chat on IT forums. Answers to many questions can be found on programmer forums, such as Habrahabr. The professional community generously shares knowledge and useful pieces of code. True, sometimes the search stretches for several days and at the same time you have to understand new tools that you were not familiar with before. And yes, often the most useful link will be in English.
• Dive into books. Do not rush to buy the first available literature in the nearest bookstore. There is a lot of useless and hopelessly outdated material on the shelves. Again, many works were originally written in English, and the Russian version may suffer from serious translation flaws. You can start with our recommendations, and then you will understand what good content looks like.

Did you read to the end? Here are a couple more interesting facts that will help you better imagine the profession of a programmer.

• If you go to the job site, you will see: mysterious middle or senior developers are required. Programmers have their own gradation of the degree of professionalism: junior, middle and senior. The first, beginners, must master all the means of the language in which they work. The second are IT-specialists with 3-5 years of experience. Still others not only know everything about the code, but can also organize the work of a development team on a project. As the rank increases, so does the salary!
• A popular portrait of a typical programmer is a taciturn man in glasses with a liter cup of coffee. In fact, this picture is true only for a rare freelancer. And you don't have to be an introvert to get into the profession. As in any other business, transprofessional skills are important - to explain, argue, negotiate, get out of the conflict.​

Such a portrait of a programmer is hopelessly outdated. Modern IT-specialists are sociable positive guys!

• A whole group of it-specialists works on large projects. Everyone is responsible for their own piece of code, and all the pieces should be assembled into a single product at the end. To make this happen, teams constantly hold planning meetings, help colleagues find and correct shortcomings. And some offices even have TVs and board games. The collective change of activity helps to establish contact and switch when the work "stood up".
• Programmers celebrate their professional holiday on September 13th. The date was not chosen by chance: it is the 256th day of the year, the maximum possible power of two that fits into the number 365.

» received a lot of questions from schoolchildren about what they should do if they want to become programmers. We asked this question to the experts and collected the best answers for you. Read the summary at the bottom of the article.

A beginner first of all needs to decide in which area of ​​​​programming he wants to develop. Applied programming, games, robotics, for schoolchildren in grades 6–7, a great start is robotics circles, now they exist in every district, you just have to be not too lazy to find an additional education center closer to home. It has its own visual programming environment, and practical activities, and modeling, it will immediately be clear which component is going better and in which direction it is more interesting - engineering, or programming.

And so that motivation does not fall and there is a quick result, we recommend starting with Pascal / Delphi XE 7, here is a simple syntax and language created for teaching programming, as well as the ability to visually develop from ready-made components with support for creating mobile applications from a single source code. The most interesting thing here is the ability to create your own mobile applications for Android and iOS at any stage of learning to program. And as the level of the programmer grows, you can always get into the source code and switch to C ++ within the same environment. As for universities, the enrollment is very large, but traveling around the country, I noticed how much the level of individual regional universities has grown. For example, the department of VTIK at the Ufa Oil and Gas University. Moscow State University, MSTU im. Bauman, MEPhI, MAI, Polytechnic University in St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg State University.

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You need to start with programming or robotics circles. It is important to understand if you really want to become a developer, or if this is an impulsive and false desire. As for universities, I advise you to focus on word of mouth, Internet forums and the opinions of friends. It is also worth going to open days, but still keep in mind the idea that what is said at such events is not always true. As far as language is concerned, there is no universal advice. In my opinion, the choice of language is not important, a real programmer can master a new language for him very quickly. Although, if possible, then start with C / C ++.

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Programming is not so much a process in itself, but the translation of solutions to some problems into a language understandable to a computer. Therefore, it is necessary to choose not so much a language as an area of ​​activity that will be interesting.

If you have the desire to learn programming is not very difficult. But what to do with this ability, the question is much more complicated. Therefore, the question should be this: what do I want to do all my life (or a noticeable part of it - 5–6 years), and how programming can help me with this.

It should be noted that writing a program is an excellent incentive to study the subject area. You can explore different subject areas by programming solutions. This does not guarantee an immediate effect, moreover, it can be distracting. But this is one of the tools for studying the world around, no worse than literature or drawing.

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The best place to start is with education. For basic education, the best universities in Russia can be called MSTU. E. N. Bauman, Moscow State University, MEPhI, MIPT in Moscow, Polytechnic and GTI in St. Petersburg, NSTU in Novosibirsk. It is also always good to educate yourself: novice programmers have a lot of opportunities to learn online for free; most popular sites: microsoftvirtualacademy.com, coursera.org, lektorium.tv, universarium.org. In addition, participation in olympiads and competitions in sports programming can become important for career development, for example: Russian Code Cup, Google Code Jam, Facebook Hacker Cup, Yandex.Algorithm, ACM International Collegiate Programming Contest.

Languages: Swift for iOS, Java for Android, Ruby for web development.

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, Head of Educational Programs SKB Kontur, Partner of the International Olympiad "IT-Planet"

Learning a language and learning to program are two different things, and in general it doesn't matter which language to start with. Although, it is more pleasant and easier to start with high-level ones, for example, Python, C #, Java. A good programmer should know several languages ​​and be able to learn new ones. The question about materials is more relevant for students with minimal programming skills, so the questions “Where to start?” are much more important. and “Which university to choose?”.

All novice programmers are very lucky: you can learn to program by playing, and there are a lot of such products. In Kontur, we like coderussia.ru, codemonkey.co.il, codingame.com the most.

Choosing a university is much more difficult. There is no list of universities ordered by the coolness of teaching IT disciplines, so there is always a chance not to guess 🙂

Most often they teach well in large universities and universities. If there is a university in your city, the name of which contains the words “state”, “national”, “federal”, then first of all you should take a closer look at it. Then find out if there are large IT companies or branches of such companies in your city, with which universities they have partnerships: such companies almost always appear next to strong universities, very rarely appear where there is no high-quality training (for example, in Yekaterinburg, except Kontur head office still has 4 large development offices, about 50 medium ones and a mountain of small ones).

Another important factor is the participation of the university and the holding of IT competitions on its territory, for example, in sports programming, information security (ACM, CTF in everyday life), and various robotics competitions. Finding such information about a particular university is sometimes not so trivial, but you can search among the ICPC ACM archives at icpc.baylor.edu or ructf.org.

By the way, together with Ural Federal University we are organizing QCTF - a format for beginners, schoolchildren can also play it, you can read more about it here: qctf.ru.

And always remember: by choosing a good university, you can flunk everything and not become a programmer, by choosing a bad one, you can spend time on self-study and achieve unprecedented heights. First of all, it all depends on you.

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You can't teach, you can learn. You should not go to a university for knowledge, you should go there for a diploma. The only way to become a programmer is to write programs.

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In my opinion, the best way to learn programming is high-level procedural languages, which “hide” the details of the implementation of basic operations from the programmer and allow you to focus on algorithms. Once it was Pascal, now it has stepped aside a little, although there are also very good modern implementations focused on teaching programming - for example, the PascalABC.Net system. Another option is Python, also a well-structured language that allows you to focus on mastering the basic principles of programming. Python also has the added benefit of being an interpreted language, i.e. gives a novice programmer the opportunity to quickly get used to the language and “feel” this or that construction. Having studied the basics of programming, it is worth getting more familiar with the "classical" object-oriented languages, and here the options are either C # or Java.

After mastering such a basic "gentleman's set", the next stage of professional development begins. At this stage, the question “on what to program” is replaced by the question “what tasks to solve”. Those. the programming language turns from an object of study into a tool for solving problems. The subject area comes to the fore (system programming, web development, business process automation, data processing, etc.), and based on the direction you are interested in, you should also choose the languages ​​and technologies you are studying (for example, C, C ++, PHP , 1C, SQL).

As far as materials for learning are concerned, the best format is training courses - either face-to-face (with direct contact with the teacher) or online courses. Now Internet resources are actively developing, offering free (and paid too) courses, including video materials, tests, practical tasks, often with the possibility of feedback from the teacher. For example, resource coursera.org or Russian intuit.ru. Often vendors (developers of software tools) also offer training courses on their products. For example, 1C provides a free kit for mastering the 1C:Enterprise system, which includes both software and training materials.

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Alas, the situation with universities is not easy now. Many of my acquaintances who work in the higher education system openly say that the higher education system in Russia is not functioning. Of course, one can argue about this and give a lot of arguments both for and against. At the same time, it is difficult for me now to recommend or not even recommend my "alma mater" St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University (LETI). The key universities that can train programmers to some extent are LETI, ITMO and Polytech. But I would like to emphasize that the main thing that any university gives to a future engineer is the skill of self-study, as opposed to a school where all the necessary material is presented “on a silver platter”.

If we talk about programming languages, then the following facts should be taken into account:

• You will most likely want to start working in your specialty already in the 2nd or 3rd year, so you should pay attention to the programming languages ​​that are relevant right now: C#, Java, Ruby. Further developments in technology and your personal preferences will help you decide which platform and language to continue working on. Most importantly, remember that there are no "good" and "bad" languages. Each field has its own set of tools and technologies.
• A university may give you a reasonable knowledge of global concepts, such as OOP, but will not give you a good base in a particular language; rely on yourself, your own, albeit small experience, and constantly expand your horizons
• "Fitting in" all known communities - it costs nothing, both in terms of time and in terms of time, but gives you a huge source of knowledge and experience.

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If you have the opportunity not to go to a university - do not go. This is an extremely useless story for programmers. You will be in a constant search for new information, knowledge in the IT field becomes obsolete very quickly. Under such conditions, the university will not be able to give you the necessary skills to be a Middle/Senior Developer immediately after graduation.

I conducted interviews with students of various universities and the trend is the same everywhere - time is spent, the expectations of remuneration for this time are gigantic, and in fact, business still needs to finish teaching a person before he starts to make a profit.

What I mean: at the exit after the university, we have guys who go to companies and ask for 60–90k a month and are slowly disappointed in the industry because no one gives more than 30k for their experience. And a slow, systematic growth begins with internships in web studios. Hence the question: do you really need a university?

Start writing your pet-projects. Take ideas and write, write and write again. Your main task is to write code, a lot of code, forget about quality - just write, write and write. At a certain point, you will “click” and you will figure out the rest for yourself. To begin with, of course, decide where you want to go, on the web: PHP, Python, Golang (this is not a choice, these are all three together), mobile: Java, Objective-C, Swift, C #, game development: C ++, Java, Lua.

Separately for gamedev - just take Unity and start making. Don't try to write basic things, like your engine, in the first month, just do it, and only then understand the fundamental concepts.

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, GeekBrains teacher, PHP expert, MySQL specialist, Postgres, some NoSQL solutions, JS + JQuery, Yii

Go to a good university. If you are in one of the capitals, then your choice is obvious and you have long chosen an educational institution for yourself. If you live in a distant region, then a good choice would be the physics and mathematics of the former pedagogical university, of which we have a lot. It is not necessary to choose “programmer” or “software developer” as a specialty, especially since such specialties are quite rare. Any specialty based on mathematics, in which mathematics is used to a sufficient extent, will do.

Higher education will be useful to you primarily for “formatting thinking”, and not for obtaining relevant knowledge.

The zero language to master is, of course, C. To touch the hardware at a low level, to understand how a computer works in general, how memory is allocated and freed, what data types are - there is no other alternative.

It is more difficult to advise on the choice of the first language. Usually this choice happens spontaneously. But we can say for sure that web programming will not lose its relevance in the next 5-10 years, so PHP can be recommended. Moreover, it is often called "C for dummies" 🙂

You should always learn from first-hand materials. Always try to prefer official documentation on any technology in the original language to dubious materials from non-professional translators. By the way - without a good knowledge of English, no matter how sad it may be, you have nothing to do in the programming market ...

Well, to sum it up - learn self-education. No university and no courses will make you a specialist, only you can do it yourself!

The holivar on the topic of which language to choose first for teaching programmers does not subside: someone calls Pascal, someone C, someone Ruby or even Haskell, and each side gives its own arguments. The truth is that language is just a tool that a professional must choose every time according to the objectives of the project. Understanding the algorithms will allow you to learn any new language within a few days. For those who are just taking their first steps, I recommend using educational online resources like Codecademy, for those who want not just to code, but to understand how to organize the process, I recommend reading a book that, without exaggeration, has influenced the minds of generations and is still relevant - "The Mythical Man-Month". When choosing a university, you should pay attention to how its program meets international standards (see

Evgeny Fateev, GeekBrains teacher, professional programmer, adherent of The Ruby/Rails Way

As in any other field, learning to program is primarily based on personal interest and the desire to learn - this is the basis of any business. Of course, you need a good technical base, which is most logical to get at the university. 4 universities can be noted, where the quality of education leaves no doubt: Moscow State University (for example, the faculty of the VMK), MSTU. Bauman (IU-5..IU-8), MEPhI (Cybernetics and Information Security), MIEM NRU HSE (Faculty of Computer Science).

When it comes to choosing a language, there are a few things to keep in mind. Firstly, the language should not be too complex and "heavy" in terms of syntax. It should be in demand and implement the most modern approaches in programming. For example, Python, Ruby, or JavaScript would be good choices. Regarding books and materials, it is better to start from the very beginning, that is, from Information Theory. There is an amazing book on this topic: Bauer F.L., Gooz G. "Informatics" in 2 volumes. It will also be useful to study any Computer Science textbook. Further - communication on forums, reading blog articles, understanding the basics of a PC device and programming principles. From the literature on the language, for Ruby we can recommend a book with a giraffe (Michael Fitzgerald "Learning Ruby"), for JavaScript (David Sawyer McFarland "JavaScript. A Definitive Guide").

Summing up, you can make a short route like this:

1. Information theory;
2. PC device and architecture;
3. Selected programming language.

Finally, we must constantly remember that programming is a way to tell the machine about our dreams. In other words, you need to constantly practice and solve a variety of problems from various areas in the language you are learning. Ask yourself: how to write a program to solve a quadratic equation, select a random file with a musical composition, access the Yandex service over the network and find out the correct spelling of a word? And then do it. Watch, explore, write code, and everything will definitely work out! 🙂

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Programmer is a specialist who develops algorithms and computer programs based on special mathematical models. The profession is promising and in great demand all over the world, (median value). You can become a programmer at any age. The profession is suitable for men and women with interests in programming, mathematics, languages, as well as good analytical skills and developed logic (take the test if you can become a programmer). There are also colleges that teach programming, but it is possible to learn on your own, as a rule, programmers with. Exist . The profession has its own. The profession is suitable for those who are interested in computer science (see choosing a profession for interest in school subjects).

Varieties

In programming, not only practical skills are put in the first place, but also the ideas of a specialist. Programmers can be roughly divided into three categories depending on their specialization:

1. Application programmers they are mainly engaged in the development of applied software - games, accounting programs, editors, instant messengers, etc. The area of ​​their work also includes the creation of software for video and audio surveillance systems, ACS, fire extinguishing or fire alarm systems, etc. Also, their responsibilities include adapting existing programs to the needs of a single organization or user.
2. System programmers develop operating systems, work with networks, write interfaces to various distributed databases. Specialists in this category are among the rarest and highest paid. Their task is to develop software systems (services), which in turn control the computing system (which includes the processor, communication and peripheral devices). The list of tasks also includes ensuring the functioning and operation of the created systems (device drivers, loaders, etc.).
3. Web programmers also work with networks, but, in most cases, with global ones - the Internet. They write the software component of sites, create dynamic web pages, web interfaces for working with databases.

Features of the profession

Based on the analysis of mathematical models and algorithms for solving scientific, technical and production problems, the programmer develops programs for performing computational work. Draws up a computational scheme for a method for solving problems, translates solution algorithms into a formalized machine language. It determines the information entered into the machine, its volume, methods for controlling the operations performed by the machine, the form and content of the source documents and the results of calculations. Develops layouts and schemes for entering, processing, storing and issuing information, conducts a cameral check of programs.

Defines a set of data that provides a solution to the maximum number of conditions included in this program. Conducts debugging of developed programs, determines the possibility of using ready-made programs developed by other organizations. Develops and implements programming automation methods, typical and standard programs, programming programs, translators, input algorithmic languages.

Performs work on the unification and typification of computing processes, participates in the creation of catalogs and cards of standard programs, in the development of forms of documents to be machine processed, in design work to expand the scope of computer technology.

Pros and cons of the profession

Pros:

• high profit payment;
• relatively high demand for specialists;
• sometimes you can get a job without a higher education;
• predominantly a creative profession.

Minuses:

• you often have to explain the same thing a lot, because what is clear and obvious to the programmer is not always clear and obvious to the user;
• work in emergency mode (sometimes) in a stressful situation;
• the profession leaves a specific imprint on the character, which not everyone around likes.

Place of work

• IT companies and web studios;
• research centers;
• organizations that include in their structure a staff unit or departments of programmers.

Important qualities

Programming is a booming field, so a programmer must be able to quickly adapt to the current state of technology and constantly learn new technologies. Therefore, the ability to self-learn is one of the main skills that a programmer should have. Otherwise, in a few years, his value as a specialist will be noticeably lower.

Proficiency in English at the level of reading technical documentation is another mandatory requirement for representatives of this profession. For such specialists, the ability to work in a team, on large projects, with collective development tools, with large financial systems (budget, banking, management accounting) is very important. For applicants for the position of a leading programmer, project and team management skills, independence, initiative, and the ability to take personal responsibility for the task are desirable.

Programming training

Computer Academy STEP - IT education as it should be. Since 1999, they have been designers and systems engineers who cannot be replaced by artificial intelligence. To do this, in addition to deep specialized knowledge, they are taught to understand tasks, think in ready-made projects and work in a team. And they do everything so that graduates of the STEP Academy are hired immediately after defending their diplomas.

On this course, you can get the profession of a programmer remotely in 1-3 months. Diploma of professional retraining of the standard established by the state. Completely distance learning. The largest educational institution of additional prof. education in Russia.

Profession web developer from 0 to PRO. In 115 hours, you can learn how to create websites and online stores, earn 120 thousand rubles a month on this. After completing the training - guaranteed employment. Advantages: permanent access to the course, 3 specializations at the exit, flexible and free class schedule, work with a personal mentor, employment guaranteed by documents.

universities

Salary

A programmer is one of the most demanded and highly paid professions in Russia. Even not the most advanced specialist can find a job in accordance with his level of knowledge, and then gradually learn and gain experience. The salary of an intern is about $1000. A full-time programmer in a mid-level company (not IT) receives up to $ 1500-1800, a little more - in an organization associated with mass software development. The salary of the leading programmer is $2500-3000. The next step is the head of the IT department. Mandatory work experience, knowledge of a foreign language, personnel management skills, etc. are added to the necessary knowledge, and earnings can reach $4,000. A good programmer can lead a large software development project, earning $5,000 or more.

Salary as of 01/29/2020

Russia 40000—150000 ₽

Moscow 50000—180000 ₽

Career steps and prospects

Joining a group of programmers while developing a project can be a good career start. Large projects often attract the attention of Western companies, which "outbid" Russian programmers. For example, once a group of our young scientists developed the Elbrus processor for the Ministry of Defense, but as a result, they were all bought out by Intel Corporation, and now our scientists and programmers work abroad, and the Elbrus project itself has slowly closed down. The problem of "brain drain" in this profession is one of the most acute.

A programmer can make a career up to the head of a group of programmers (team leader), IT director of an enterprise, IT project manager, etc. In the course of work, a programmer can move within the framework of his specialty, improving professionally.

Famous and great programmers

• Whip Donald Ervin
• Matsumoto Yukihiro
• Tanenbaum Andrew
• Raymond Eric Steven
• Fowler Martin
• Hopper Grace
• Stallman Richard Matthew
• Kay Alan
• Meyer Seed
• Stroustrup Bjorn

The emergence of programming as an occupation and, especially, as a professional activity is difficult to date unambiguously.

Often considered to be the first programmable device, the jacquard loom built in 1804 by Joseph Marie Jacquard, which revolutionized the weaving industry, made it possible to program patterns on fabrics using punched cards.

The first programmable computing device, the Analytical Engine, was developed by Charles Babbage (but was unable to build it). On July 19, 1843, Countess Ada Augusta Lovelace, daughter of the great English poet George Byron, is believed to have written the first Analytical Engine program in human history. This program solved the Bernoulli equation, which expresses the law of conservation of energy in a moving fluid.

In her first and only scientific work, Ada Lovelace addressed a large number of issues. A number of the general provisions expressed by her (the principle of saving working memory cells, the connection of recurrent formulas with cyclic computational processes) have retained their fundamental importance for modern programming. Babbage's writings and Lovelace's commentary outline concepts such as the subroutine and subroutine library, instruction modification, and index register that only came into use in the 1950s.

However, none of the programs written by Ada Lovelace were ever launched.

Ada Augusta, Countess of Lovelace, is considered to be the honorary first programmer (although, of course, writing one program by modern standards cannot be considered an occupation or professional activity). History has kept her name in the name of the universal programming language "Ada".

The first working programmable computer (1941), the first programs for it, and also (with certain reservations) the first high-level programming language Plankalkül were created by the German engineer Konrad Zuse.

The names of the people who first began to professionally perform the work of programming itself (in isolation from the adjustment of computer equipment) have not been preserved in history, since at first programming was considered as a secondary adjustment operation.

Murphy's laws for programmers

1. Nothing works as programmed.

2. Nothing is programmed the way it should work.

3. A good programmer is characterized by the ability to prove why a task cannot be completed when he is simply too lazy to perform it.

4. It takes three times less time to solve a problem than to discuss all the pros and cons of its solution.

5. The promised due date is the carefully calculated end date of the project plus six months.

6. The programmer always knows the sequence of actions by which the user can hang up his program, but he never fixes this problem, hoping that no one will ever come up with this sequence to execute.

7. Real programmers love Windows - all the mistakes made by their own stupidity can be blamed on Microsoft.

8. Consequence - 99% of the problems blamed on Microsoft are the result of the stupidity of the programmers themselves.

9. In a fit of anger, for some reason, everyone thrashes on an innocent monitor, instead of the system unit.

10. In the event of a hunger strike, a real programmer will be able to eat food plucked out from under the keyboard buttons for another month.

11. A real programmer has already changed at least three beer-drenched keyboards.

12. Anyone who has problems setting up the encoding is automatically considered Neanderthal.

13. Amateurish talk about computers causes severe nausea up to bouts of vomiting. The question of how to change the "wallpaper" in Windows makes you want to cut the throat of the questioner.

14. For most people who need your help, the reason for the error in the program is purely genetic.

15. HTML, HTTP, FTP, SMTP, TCP/IP, RTFM, etc. These are words, not abbreviations.

16. The phrase "mouse-norushka" does not make any sense.

17. The most mystical problems, widely inflated and advertised, in the end turn out to be your stupidest mistakes.

18. Consequence - if your program performs mystical actions, then you did something incredibly stupid.

19. The worst feeling for a programmer is when ten people are standing around you and everyone is trying to find the cause of the problem in your program, and you already understand what the problem is, but you are afraid to say, because it is something blatantly stupid...

20. The solution to all life's problems is on the Internet. You just have to be good at searching.

21. The conflict of logical instructions in life causes a fatal error in the work of the programmer's brain - a rise in temperature and severe dizziness, up to vomiting or loss of consciousness, are possible.

22. Those who despise programmers are despised by programmers more than those who despise programmers despise programmers who despise those who despise them.

23. If you understand the previous one, then you are a programmer.

There are 10 types of people in this world - those who understand the binary system, and those who do not understand it.

Video: you are a programmer

Before choosing an educational institution where you will be well trained as a programmer, you need to decide on the geographical area within which you can move freely.

Very often, parental restrictions and advice are imposed on the decision of a high school student. This applies not only to the choice of a future profession, but also to the choice of a city. Sometimes a family cannot afford to keep a child in a big city or does not want to let go from under the “native wing”.

But do not forget that it is in a big city that you have more chances to get a quality education and “get out into the people”. In Russia, the most iconic student cities are Novosibirsk, St. Petersburg, Moscow. But this does not mean that in other large settlements there are no good educational institutions where they teach to be a programmer.

The desire to enter a university in a big city is not always justified, especially if the USE scores are low. Almost every technical university has a faculty related to programming.

Moscow universities

Moscow State Technical University. N.E. Bauman is one of the top five universities in Russia in the field of programming. Entering the Moscow State Technical University as a programmer is not very difficult, but for many it is impossible to unlearn and graduate.

Another not very popular university in Moscow is called MGIU. One of the main areas of MGIU is computer science. There is also applied informatics with a low passing score, and business informatics. The university promises successful employment to all students who study with them.

On average, a trainee programmer in Russia earns 35 thousand rubles, a specialist about 80 thousand rubles, and a leading programmer 110 thousand rubles.

Novosibirsk

If you decide to enter a Novosibirsk university, take a closer look at such institutions SGUPS and NSU.

The Siberian University of Railways and Communications has its own. At the Faculty of Business Informatics, students are taught programming, but all tasks are aimed at training transport specialists.

Programming is closely related to mathematics, therefore, at the Novosibirsk State University, at the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, there is a department related to computer technology. These departments are called Mathematics and Computer Science and Applied Mathematics and Informatics. But studying here is very difficult: there is a lot of physics and mathematics in the program.

Universities of Northern Palmyra

Choosing an educational institution in St. Petersburg is a little more difficult than in Novosibirsk, if only because there are much more of them here.

The most prestigious in terms of programming is the University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO). At the faculty of information technology and programming in this university, there are usually very high passing scores and high competition. But ITMO specialists are always in demand on the labor market.

If you cannot afford and want to enroll only in a budget place, then pay attention to SPbSUT. The University of Communications also has a faculty that teaches programming, but the competition here is lower than at ITMO. Moreover, the new building of St. Petersburg State University of Technology, where almost all classes are held, only strengthens the desire to learn.

Read: 8 min.

Is it true that programming is the most in-demand profession in the world? Who are system and application programmers? How many years do you need to study to be a programmer? What university and college to enter to become a programmer?

It is said that there are 10 kinds of people in the world. Those who understand binary... and those who don't.
Humor of programmers

Programming originated in the 19th century, and until the middle of the 20th century, when there was a rapid growth in information technology, creating programs for a machine was akin to art. Programming was the lot of the elite. Today, the profession of a programmer is widespread and in great demand. In 2017, there were 18.2 million software developers in the world, of which 1.3 million were in Russia.
Let's see what the future of the programming profession is. And what threatens him.

Description of the profession

Where to work

Development companies (Booking.com, Mail.ru, Yandex, Unisender services)
IT departments and digital marketing departments of organizations (Sberbank of Russia, Gazprom, Tinkoff Bank)
System integrators (Croc, Softline, Technoserv, Lanit, I-Teco)

Career opportunities

Due to the rapid growth of the IT sector and the shortage of software developers, you can start working as a programmer while still at the institute. From the 2nd or 3rd year, you can get a job as a junior developer and start moving up the career ladder. And at the same time to receive a decent salary for a student of 30-50 thousand rubles.

The programmers themselves estimate the duration of each stage as follows:
The first six months to a year and a half of real experience you are a junior
With active learning, the next 1-3 years of work you are middle
A programmer with 4-6 years of experience is a senior

But, of course, it is worth remembering that the boundaries are arbitrary, and a more active and inquisitive developer will be able to master all the skills of a senior-developer in 3 years.

In addition to deep specialization in programming, a programmer can move into related areas within an IT company - design, marketing, analytics, management. A programmer can become a software architect, devops engineer, IT project manager, if he is interested in it and has the necessary competencies. For example, to work as a manager, he will need communication skills, initiative, the ability to form a team and control business processes.

Salary (salary range)

The salary of a programmer directly depends on specialization and qualifications. The least paid positions are junior developers who are just learning. And the most paid in the labor market are software architects and system engineers, who are responsible for the product or project as a whole. Therefore, the salary range for programmers can be very wide:

✔ 30,000 - 260,000 rubles

Prospects for the profession (demand)

Now the IT industry in general and programming in particular are at the peak of demand. Companies compete for qualified professionals. In the next 5 years, programmers will have a prosperous life and high salaries, because there will be a little less young personnel. There will come a period of a demographic hole due to low birth rates in the early 90s.
But the IT market faces several dangers. First of all, teaching programming now begins almost from kindergarten. The most famous teaching languages ​​are Scratch by MIT and Blockly by Google. Probably, the skill of programming will be as common as knowledge of the English language, that is, it will be included in the "gentleman's set" when applying for a job. And if almost everyone owns it, then the value of the work decreases.
Secondly, IT education is now provided by almost every college and university. After a shortage, the market can "saturate" with professional programmers, and their salaries will fall.
Thirdly, there are countries, in particular India, where IT education is developing even faster. And at some point, programming services will saturate the world market, as it has now happened with goods made in China. It will be difficult to compete with Indian programmers in terms of price.

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