The map of Europe shows Western part mainland Eurasia (Europe). The map shows the Atlantic and Arctic oceans. Seas washed by Europe: North, Baltic, Mediterranean, Black, Barents, Caspian.

Here is a political map of Europe with countries, a physical map of Europe with cities (capitals of European countries), an economic map of Europe. Most maps of Europe are presented in Russian.

Large map of European countries in Russian

On a large map of European countries, all countries and cities of Europe with capitals are shown in Russian. Highways are marked on a large map of Europe. The map shows the distances between the main cities of Europe. The map of the island of Iceland is placed on the map in the upper left corner. The map of Europe is made in Russian on a scale of 1:4500000. In addition to the island of Iceland, the islands of Europe are marked on the map: British, Sardinia, Corsica, Balearic Islands, Maine, Zeeland Islands.

Map of Europe with countries (Political map)

On the map of Europe with countries, on the political map all the countries of Europe are marked. Countries marked on the map of Europe: Austria, Albania, Andorra, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Vatican, Great Britain, Hungary, Germany, Greece, Denmark, Ireland, Iceland, Spain, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Romania, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine, Finland, France, Croatia, Montenegro, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Sweden and Estonia. On the map, all designations are in Russian. All European countries are marked with their borders and main cities, including capitals. The political map of Europe shows the main ports of the European countries.

Map of European countries in Russian

On the map of European countries in Russian, the countries of Europe, the capitals of European countries, the oceans and seas washing Europe, the islands: Faroe, Scottish, Hebrides, Orkney, Balearic, Crete and Rhodes are marked.

Physical map of Europe with countries and cities.

On the physical map Europe with countries and cities are designated countries of Europe, the main cities of Europe, European rivers, seas and oceans with depths, mountains and hills of Europe, lowlands of Europe. The largest peaks of Europe are marked on the physical map of Europe: Elbrus, Mont Blanc, Kazbek, Olympus. The maps of the Carpathians (scale 1:8000000), the map of the Alps (scale 1:8000000), the map of the Strait of Gibraltai (scale 1:1000000) are highlighted separately. On the physical map of Europe, all designations are made in Russian.

Economic map of Europe

On the economic map of Europe are marked industrial centers. The centers of ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy in Europe, the centers of mechanical engineering and metalworking in Europe, the centers of the chemical and petrochemical industries in Europe, the centers of the forest industry, the centers for the production of building materials in Europe, the centers of the light and food industries are plotted. On the economic map of Europe, lands with the cultivation of various crops are highlighted in color. On the map of Europe, mining sites, power plants in Europe are plotted. The size of the mining icon depends on economic importance Place of Birth.

The video lesson is dedicated to the topic “Foreign Europe. Composition, political map. This topic is the first not only in the section of lessons devoted to Foreign Europe, but also the first in the regional geography of the 10th grade. You will get to know the old Europe, which continues to play a leading role in the modern economy due to its financial, geopolitical influences and features of the economic and geographical position. The teacher will tell you in detail about the composition, borders, history, countries Foreign Europe.

Topic: Regional characteristics of the world. Foreign Europe

Lesson:Foreign Europe. Composition, political map

Europe is a part of the world with an area of ​​​​about 10 million km² (of which 5.1 million km² fall on Foreign Europe, in relation to the CIS countries) and a population of 740 million people (about 10-11% of the world's population). The average height is about 300 m, the maximum is 4808 m, Mount Blanc.

Rice. 1. Mont Blanc

Features of the geographical location:

1. The length from north to south (from the island of Svalbard to the island of Crete) is 5 thousand km, and from west to east - more than 3 thousand km.

2. Relief "mosaic" of its territory: lowlands and elevated territories. Among the mountains of Europe, most of the average height. The borders pass mainly along such natural boundaries that do not create obstacles for transport links.

3. High degree indented coastline.

4. Coastal position of most countries. The average distance from the sea is 300 km. In the western part of the region there is no place more than 480 km away from the sea, in the eastern part - 600 km.

5. The "depth" of the territory of most countries is small. So in Bulgaria and Hungary there is no place that would be removed from the borders of these countries by more than 115-120 km.

6. Neighborhood favorable for integration processes.

7. advantageous position in terms of contacts with the rest of the worlds, tk. located at the junction with Asia and Africa, far advanced into the ocean - "a large peninsula of Eurasia."

8. Variety natural resources, but non-complex placement by country, many deposits are largely depleted.

Europe is usually divided into Northern and Southern, Western and Eastern, this is rather conditional, especially since not only purely geographical, but also political factors come into play here.

A single economic, political and financial space is being formed in foreign Europe.

The vast majority of countries are members of the UN. Switzerland joined the UN in September 2002, NATO members - 14 countries, EU members - 15 countries. Most of the countries belong to the industrialized group. Four countries: Germany, Great Britain, France and Italy are part of the "big seven countries of the West." A special place on the economic map of the region is occupied by post-socialist countries or countries with economies in transition.

Council of Europe- an international organization that promotes cooperation between all European countries in the field of legal standards, human rights, democratic development, legality and cultural interaction. Founded in 1949, the Council of Europe is Europe's oldest international organization. The best-known organs of the Council of Europe are the European Court of Human Rights, acting in accordance with the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, and the Commission of the European Pharmacopoeia.

Rice. 2. Emblem of the Council of Europe

After the collapse of the socialist regimes, the situation changed markedly. Most of the countries of the former "socialist camp" reoriented towards Western structures. Currently, more than half of the states of Europe are members of the European Union and NATO, and almost all the rest declare their desire to join these organizations.

The following events had the greatest influence on the formation of the political map of Europe: World War, World War II, the collapse of the USSR and the entire world socialist system. Until the mid-1980s, there were 32 sovereign states, including microstates. Since the beginning of the 90s - about 40 states.

At present, there are more than 40 states in Europe. Most of the states in the form of government are republics, 12 monarchies. According to the administrative - territorial structure, all countries (except Belgium, Germany, Austria and Switzerland) are unitary. Largest countries by area: France, Spain, Sweden, Germany, Finland. Largest countries by population: Germany, France, Great Britain, Italy. Four states of foreign Europe are members of the Big Seven: France, Germany, Italy, Great Britain. Germany is considered the main economy of Europe.

Rice. 3. political map Europe

Homework

Topic 6, Item 1

1. What are the features of the geographical and economic-geographical position of the countries of foreign Europe?

2. What regions (sub-regions) are distinguished in Foreign Europe?

Bibliography

Main

1. Geography. A basic level of. Grades 10-11: textbook for educational institutions/ A.P. Kuznetsov, E.V. Kim. - 3rd ed., stereotype. - M.: Bustard, 2012. - 367 p.

2. Economic and social geography of the world: Proc. for 10 cells. educational institutions / V.P. Maksakovskiy. - 13th ed. - M .: Education, JSC "Moscow textbooks", 2005. - 400 p.

3. Atlas with a set of contour maps for grade 10 Economic and social geography of the world. - Omsk: Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Omsk Cartographic Factory", 2012 - 76 p.

Additional

1. Economic and social geography of Russia: Textbook for universities / Ed. prof. A.T. Khrushchev. - M.: Bustard, 2001. - 672 p.: ill., cart.: tsv. incl.

Encyclopedias, dictionaries, reference books and statistical collections

1. Geography: a guide for high school students and university applicants. - 2nd ed., corrected. and dorab. - M.: AST-PRESS SCHOOL, 2008. - 656 p.

Literature for preparing for the GIA and the Unified State Examination

1. Thematic control in geography. Economic and social geography of the world. Grade 10 / E.M. Ambartsumova. - M.: Intellect-Centre, 2009. - 80 p.

2. The most complete edition of typical options for real USE assignments: 2010: Geography / Comp. Yu.A. Solovyov. - M.: Astrel, 2010. - 221 p.

3. The optimal bank of tasks for preparing students. Unified state exam 2012. Geography. Tutorial./ Comp. EM. Ambartsumova, S.E. Dyukov. - M.: Intellect-Centre, 2012. - 256 p.

4. The most complete edition of typical options for real tasks of the USE: 2010: Geography / Comp. Yu.A. Solovyov. - M.: AST: Astrel, 2010.- 223 p.

5. Geography. Diagnostic work in the format of the Unified State Examination 2011. - M .: MTSNMO, 2011. - 72 p.

6. USE 2010. Geography. Collection of tasks / Yu.A. Solovyov. - M.: Eksmo, 2009. - 272 p.

7. Tests in geography: Grade 10: to the textbook by V.P. Maksakovskiy “Economic and social geography of the world. Grade 10 "/ E.V. Baranchikov. - 2nd ed., stereotype. - M.: Publishing house "Exam", 2009. - 94 p.

8. Study guide for geography. Tests and practical tasks in geography / I.A. Rodionov. - M.: Moscow Lyceum, 1996. - 48 p.

9. The most complete edition of typical options for real USE assignments: 2009: Geography / Comp. Yu.A. Solovyov. - M.: AST: Astrel, 2009. - 250 p.

10. Unified state exam 2009. Geography. Universal materials for the preparation of students / FIPI - M .: Intellect-Center, 2009 - 240 p.

11. Geography. Answers on questions. Oral exam, theory and practice / V.P. Bondarev. - M.: Publishing house "Exam", 2003. - 160 p.

12. USE 2010. Geography: thematic training tasks / O.V. Chicherina, Yu.A. Solovyov. - M.: Eksmo, 2009. - 144 p.

13. USE 2012. Geography: Standard exam options: 31 options / ed. V.V. Barabanova. - M.: National Education, 2011. - 288 p.

14. USE 2011. Geography: Standard examination options: 31 options / ed. V.V. Barabanova. - M.: National Education, 2010. - 280 p.

Materials on the Internet

1. Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements ().

2. federal portal Russian Education ().

6. Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe ().

It is cut by mountain ranges and plains. Along with this, a large number of rivers and lakes. The highest mountains are the Alps (the highest point is the peak of Mont Blanc - more than 5000 km). The territory is surrounded by many seas, the Atlantic and Arctic oceans. For many travel enthusiasts, a satellite map of Europe will be convenient.

Contour map

Now let's take a quick look at what a contour map of Europe is. Only state borders are marked on it. You will be able to designate where and which state is located and put capitals, highlight the leading countries. Also compare objects with each other. Indicate where the peoples are settled.

The cheapest tickets from Moscow to Vienna and back

departure date	Return date	Transplants	Airline	Find a ticket
		1 change
		2 transfers

The political map is 43 independent states fully recognized by the international UN. They, in turn, are clearly divided into the countries of Western, Northern, Southern and Eastern Europe according to political and geographical factors.

There are various forms of government:

• Monarchies (Netherlands, Great Britain);
• Presidential (Russia) and parliamentary (Germany) republics;
• Papal State (Vatican).

The map of Western Europe is considered to include the following countries:

• Austria;
• Belgium;
• Great Britain;
• Germany;
• France.

Which countries are in Northern Europe?

• Denmark;
• Norway
• Sweden;
• Finland;
• Estonia and others.

The Northern Territory was represented.

Southern Europe includes:

• Andorra;
• Albania;
• Bosnia and Herzegovina;
• Spain;
• Italy and others.

On the map of Eastern Europe are such states as:

• Russia;
• Ukraine;
• Belarus;
• Poland, etc.

Capitals by country

Countries	Cities	Population
Austria	Vein	1730000
Belgium	Brussels	1831000
Germany	Berlin	3470000
Great Britain	London	8417000
Ireland	Dublin	527000
Liechtenstein	Vaduz	5434
Luxembourg	Luxembourg	115000
Netherlands	Amsterdam	801847
France	Paris	2197000
Monaco	Monaco	975
Switzerland	Berne	7507000
Denmark	Copenhagen	569557
Norway	Oslo	634463
Sweden	Stockholm	1252000
Finland	Helsinki	621000
Estonia	Tallinn	442000
Latvia	Riga	641007
Lithuania	Vilnius	540000
Iceland	Reykjavik	202000
Andorra	Andorra la Vella	22615
Albania	Tirana	610050
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Sarajevo	275524
Greece	Athens	3362000
Italy	Rome	2870000
Vatican	—	900
Spain	Madrid	3273000
Portugal	Lisbon	547733
Malta	Valletta	5719
San Marino	San Marino	4041
Macedonia	Skopje	670000
Serbia	Belgrade	1234000
Slovenia	Ljubljana	287000
Croatia	Zagreb	790017
Montenegro	Podgorica	150977
Russia	Moscow	12330000
Ukraine	Kyiv	2908088
Belarus	Minsk	1960000
Moldova	Kishinev	809600
Poland	Warsaw	1744000
Bulgaria	Sofia	1350000
Hungary	Budapest	1744665
Romania	Bucharest	1833000
Czech	Prague	1243000
Slovakia	Bratislava	462603

The largest cities are Istanbul and Moscow (13 and 12 million inhabitants), but the Turkish city, which does not belong to the continent, is partly in Asia. But among the capitals holds the leadership of the Russian - Moscow.

Historical map of the 15th century

First half of the 15th century

Has undergone significant changes in comparison with previous periods. The continent was inhabited only by Christian peoples. Thanks to the perfect discoveries, the countries have advanced a lot, their peoples have developed.

Second half of the 15th century

Since the 16th century, a new Christian direction has appeared. Modern civilization is emerging on the continent. French revolution continued the development of peoples: there was an idea of ​​​​new forms of government of countries.

16th century

Now the political map of modern Europe is quite large. Compare it to a 19th century map. recent history countries began in the 20th century. One can clearly see the rapprochement of the peoples of Russia and Europe: the Russian-European dialogue between the great states, begun in the 19th century, is being actively pursued.

Late 20th century

A map of languages ​​has been formed: the most common, apart from English, are French, Italian, Spanish, German, Russian. A complete map of languages ​​is available, where 44 languages ​​​​of countries and more. different peoples can speak similar dialects.

Rivers mostly with headwaters in high mountains. The longest is the Danube (2850 kilometers). Its course begins in the chain of the Alpine mountains. Further flows between the Carpathians and the Balkans, and flows into the Black Sea in Eastern Europe.

The remaining large bodies of water mainly flow into the North Seas:

• Oder;
• Elbe;
• Rhine;
• Wisla.

Many freeze. Of the non-freezing ones, the Seine can be distinguished. European rivers form a magnificent chain of picturesque canals.

To determine the amount of salts in water, a table of salinity of lakes is used. The highest score on the continent belongs to Lake Elton (Volgograd region).
There are no very large lakes on the map of the Western Territory.

There are quite large lakes:

• Vättern;
• Venern;
• Saima;
• Geneva;
• Balaton;
• Inari;
• Constance.

Vänern has an area of ​​5546 km2. More than thirty rivers flow here. The lake connects the waterway Gothenburg - the capital Stockholm.

car map

A road with the letter index E indicates the European road route (eg E40, E25, E75). The traffic flow is reinforced in all directions.

When moving, it is necessary to take into account which roads are completely free, which are paid and paid in separate sections. A feature of the German tracks is the complete absence of speed limits. Within the boundaries of most cities, the speed limit is 50 km/h.

Traveling on the roads of Europe, the map will definitely come in handy.

The recent history of European countries in the 90s of the 20th century was radically updated. The political map of Europe has changed. The European Union emerged - a supranational trade and political union of more than 20 countries. The leading countries of Western Europe are members of the European Union.

18 European countries adopted the euro standard as their currency:

Europe is washed by the Atlantic and Arctic oceans and their seas.

The area of ​​the islands is about 730 thousand km². The peninsulas account for about 1/4 of the territory of Europe (Kola, Scandinavian, Pyrenean, Apennine, Balkan, etc.).

The average height is about 300 m, the maximum (if we draw the border of Europe along the Kumo-Manych depression) - 4808 m, Mont Blanc, or (when drawing the border of Europe along the Caucasus Range) - 5642 m, Elbrus, the minimum is currently approx. . −27 meters (Caspian Sea) and changes along with fluctuations in the level of this sea.

Plains prevail (large - East European, Central European, Middle and Lower Danube, Paris basin), mountains occupy about 17% of the territory (the main ones are the Alps, the Caucasus, the Carpathians, the Crimean, Pyrenees, Apennines, the Urals, the Scandinavian mountains, the mountains of the Balkan Peninsula) . There are active volcanoes in Iceland and the Mediterranean.

In most of the territory, the climate is temperate (in the west - oceanic, in the east - continental, with snowy and frosty winters), in the northern islands - subarctic and arctic, in southern Europe - Mediterranean, in the Caspian lowland - semi-desert. On the islands of the Arctic, in Iceland, the Scandinavian mountains, the Alps - glaciation (area over 116 thousand km²).

Main rivers: Volga, Danube, Ural, Dnieper, Western Dvina, Don, Pechora, Kama, Oka, Belaya, Dniester, Rhine, Elbe, Vistula, Tahoe, Loire, Oder, Neman, Ebro.

Large lakes: Ladoga, Onega, Peipus, Venern, Balaton, Geneva.

On the islands of the Arctic and along the coast of the Arctic Ocean - arctic deserts and tundras, to the south - forest-tundras, taiga, mixed and broad-leaved forests, forest-steppes, steppes, subtropical Mediterranean forests and shrubs; in the southeast - semi-deserts.

The largest sandy desert in Europe, Ryn-sands (40,000 km²), is located between the Volga and Ural rivers (on the territory of Kazakhstan and Russia), in Western Europe, the Tabernas massif in Spain, as well as the Nogai steppe in Russia on borderlands of Kalmykia, Dagestan and Chechnya. In addition, there has been desertification of vast areas in Kalmykia, Russia, as a result of human activities in the industrial extraction of water from natural sources and irrational land use. In the zone of dry steppes in the east of Europe, there are a number of sandy massifs in Russia on the lower Don (Archedinsky-Don sands, Tsimlyansky sands, etc.), as well as on the territory of Ukraine (Aleshkovsky sands).

Andreas Kaplan believes that Europe is a region with the maximum cultural diversity in a relatively small geographical area.

Europe is part of the Eurasian continent. This part of the world is home to 10% of the world's population. Europe owes its name to the heroine ancient Greek mythology. Europe is washed by the seas of the Atlantic and Arctic oceans. Inland seas - Black, Mediterranean, Marmara. The eastern and southeastern border of Europe runs along the Ural Range, the Emba River and the Caspian Sea.

AT Ancient Greece believed that Europe is a separate continent that separates the Black and Aegean Seas from Asia, and the Mediterranean Sea from Africa. Later it was found that Europe is only part of a huge mainland. The area of ​​the islands that make up the continent is 730 thousand square kilometers. 1/4 of the territory of Europe falls on the peninsulas - the Apennine, Balkan, Kola, Scandinavian and others.

The most high point Europe - the top of Mount Elbrus, which is 5642 meters above sea level. On the map of Europe with countries in Russian, it can be seen that the largest lakes in the region are Geneva, Chudskoye, Onega, Ladoga and Balaton.

All European countries are divided into 4 regions - Northern, Southern, Western and Eastern. Europe consists of 65 countries. 50 countries are independent states, 9 are dependent and 6 are unrecognized republics. Fourteen states are islands, 19 are inland, and 32 countries have access to the oceans and seas. On the map of Europe with countries and capitals, the borders of all European states are indicated. Three states have their own territories, both in Europe and in Asia. These are Russia, Kazakhstan and Turkey. Spain, Portugal and France have part of their territory in Africa. Denmark and France have their territories in America.

Part European Union includes 27 countries, and members of the NATO bloc - 25. The Council of Europe has 47 states. The smallest state in Europe is the Vatican, and the largest is Russia.

The collapse of the Roman Empire marked the beginning of the division of Europe into East and West. Eastern Europe is the largest region of the continent. In the Slavic countries, the Orthodox religion prevails, in the rest - Catholicism. Cyrillic and Latin scripts are used. Western Europe unites Latin-speaking states. This part of the continent is the most economically developed part in the world. The Scandinavian and Baltic states unite to form Northern Europe. South Slavic, Greek and Romance countries form Southern Europe.