There are many earthlings, and we are all very different. But among all people, some part is distinguished by a special temperament - an indestructible desire for the sky, a thirst for flight. It is from them that the best pilots of civil and military aviation come out. But other applicants also come to the selection committees of flight schools. Someone was simply attracted by romance, someone saw profitable prospects in a pilot's license, someone goes for a company with a friend obsessed with the sky.

In any case, it is better for each of the future cadets to know in advance what awaits them when they enter the flight school and after graduation. For a subsequent successful career, many points that should be considered before sending documents to admission committee schools.

Military or civilian?

The first thing that a future pilot has to decide is which school to prefer, civil or military. Military schools have stricter requirements, including disciplinary ones. They pay a small stipend, provide uniforms and housing (in the barracks). Upon graduation, you will receive not only a higher military special education, but in addition, a civilian specialty "Operation of aircraft". The main problem in obtaining the specialty of a military pilot is that in Russia today there is only one higher military aviation educational institution in Krasnodar, and recruitment there is far from every year. Accordingly, the competition is high and it is not easy to become a cadet. Education at a military school is free, a referral can be issued by a military registration and enlistment office. There, applicants will be able to get up-to-date answers to all questions related to the career of a military pilot.

Much more opportunities to get the coveted pilot's crusts civil aviation. But here you should first decide what these very crusts are for, what are your career aspirations and ambitions. You don’t need higher education to fly a light sport aircraft, but to work on large civil aviation liners you need not only higher education and a line pilot diploma, but also many flight hours.

Education in educational institutions of civil aviation can be both budgetary and on a paid basis. There are other tuition-related expenses. However, studying in a civilian school is a little easier, and the health requirements are a little softer than in a military one.

What is needed for admission

• Good physical fitness and impeccable health. Applicants undergo a thorough medical examination, and even with excellent grades in the certificate and high chances of passing the exams as “excellent”, you can not pass because of your health. Moreover: if the state of health worsens during the study, the student may well be expelled.
• Age from 18 years old
• Pass exams in the Russian language (exposition) and mathematics, for some specialties they also pass physics
• Conclusion on professional suitability, which is issued after an interview with psychologists

What awaits a flight school graduate: career and professional growth prospects

Like a driver's license, pilot licenses can be of different categories, and the prospects that open up directly depend on the category. But not only the category is important: for example, graduates of higher educational institutions civil aviation is immediately granted a commercial pilot license, but this entitles them only to fly as a co-pilot on most aircraft, and there are restrictions. This is due to the low number of hours flown.

And in order to become a line pilot and get the opportunity to fly large airliners as an aircraft commander, according to Russian rules, at least 1,500 flying hours are required. Abroad, the requirements for the highest category of pilots are somewhat lower, and getting the coveted crusts there is a little easier.

However, the situation in Russian aviation is currently changing. Most of the pilots who have received their specialty in Soviet time, are retiring, and modern graduates of flight schools have much less opportunities to get the necessary flying hours. Therefore, many airlines are forced to reduce the requirements for the number of hours flown. Moreover, airlines literally line up behind graduates who have proven themselves well. Such pilots receive additional flight hours as early as training centers companies.

If you have no desire to make a career in the sky, and you need crusts only for flying for your own pleasure, you can not waste time studying at a flight school. It's easier to take courses at the nearest flying club. After fulfilling a number of standards and passing exams, you will be issued an amateur pilot certificate, which will be quite enough to fly light aircraft and helicopters for your pleasure and join the Flying Brotherhood with a light soul.

Flying brotherhood: what is it

According to official sources, the "Flight Brotherhood" is a public organization created by graduates of the Kharkov Air Force Academy. In fact, the “flight brotherhood” refers to the special relationship that connects everyone who is related to aviation. These relationships are based on friendship and mutual assistance. For example, in the old days, a pilot, finding himself in a hopeless situation in any city, could approach any unfamiliar colleague and ask for help - money, accommodation, etc. And get what you want. The debt was returned rigorously - by a simple postal order or mutual favor. “Flight brotherhood” meant exactly this - trust, readiness to come to the rescue of a brother in wings.

Unfortunately, all this is now in the past. Some schools and flying clubs have their own traditions of "initiation into the Flying Brotherhood", but these are rather exceptions than a widespread custom. "Flyers" simply communicate in their environment, help their own as much as possible - as it happens in other communities, united by a common passion, one hobby.

And the girls?

But for girls, no one covers the path to aviation with roses. Until recently, women were not admitted to any aviation academy for flight specialties, until in 2007 one of the applicants sued the educational institution and won the case. Today, girls can also apply for flying specialties, but airlines still prefer to hire men.

However, the growing shortage of personnel is forcing airline management to treat female pilots with ever greater reverence. The leaders of the Sasovo flight school even say that their graduates can outdo any male pilot.

The Last Frontier: How to Convince Parents

If parents believe that the profession of a pilot is too dangerous and not promising enough, and that it is better to choose more mundane and less adrenaline-filled specialties, they need to be worked with and convinced. And you need to start as early as possible. The conversation should be conducted not on emotions, but with facts at the ready. For every argument of excited parents, a whole volley of counter-arguments should follow, with facts, statistics and mathematical calculations.

The list of common objections is always roughly the same:

• "The profession is not promising." Nothing of the kind - very promising! Per last years The country's air fleet is increasing annually by several tens (or even hundreds) of aircraft, on which there will soon be no one to fly. Soviet-era pilots are retiring, and there are few new ones. The annual need for pilots is about 2 thousand people, and flight schools graduate no more than 500 people.
• "Low salary" is not true! The salary of pilots is more than decent, and increases proportionally professional growth. Even a co-pilot can receive about 200 thousand rubles shortly after graduation from the school. In addition, there are nice bonuses: a long vacation, early retirement, a good social package and big discounts on family flights. And there are also excellent opportunities to work abroad: many airlines are happy to hire Russian pilots.
• "Airplanes are falling, it's dangerous" - and if you compare it with car accidents? There are countless more accidents on the roads and while driving on the ground. Driving a car is much more dangerous than flying, but because of this, no one refuses to drive a car.

In addition, many flight academies have military departments, which saves the graduate from military service.

How do cadets live?

For those who entered budget places, the state provides full maintenance: uniforms, meals, a hostel for visitors, a scholarship. Cadets are also provided with all study guides and materials. Cadets of paid groups provide for themselves.

Inside the campus and within the walls of the school or academy, discipline is strict. However, it is not as strict as in a military school, and with good motivation, cadets do not feel negative from disciplinary requirements. And the slobs and slobs in the sky have nothing to do.

The living conditions depend on each specific educational institution, as the internal regulations.

Training terms and cost

Training time for a flight specialty on the basis of secondary education (11 years) - 34 months (basic level).

The cost of paid education is determined by each educational institution independently. For example, in UVAU GA in the current academic year training in the specialty "Flight Operation of Aircraft" will cost almost 90 thousand rubles for theory. distance learning noticeably cheaper: 35,500 rubles. As for the cost of practical flights for future pilots, for those studying on a commercial basis, the order of amounts there is from $ 140,000.

There are no similar materials.

Investigation of the plane crash of the Boeing 737 in Kazan. It turned out that the most "working" version of what happened is the crew's mistake. IAC specialists found out that the technical condition of the aircraft was at the proper level.

Pilot errors are causing more and more air crashes in Russia. According to the experts, it is human factor became decisive in the last major air crashes: the crash of the Tu-134 near Petrozavodsk, the Tu-154 at Domodedovo airport and the Yak-42 liner in Yaroslavl (then the entire Lokomotiv hockey team died).

The average age of pilots is on the rise. Young specialists appear, but not in sufficient numbers: pilots are trained only in three universities in the country.

Chief among them is the University of Civil Aviation in Saint Petersburg. Education is conducted at 8 faculties, the average term of study is five years. University graduates after graduation are called to pilot civil aviation ships. The university also trains aviation managers and technicians.

Another "pilot" university is located in Ulyanovsk - the Higher Aviation School of Civil Aviation. It also has eight areas of training, the average duration of study is four years. The school in Ulyanovsk is more "diversified" and trains not only pilots for civil aviation, but also those who can ensure the proper preparation of an aircraft for flight (various training).

The last representative of the profile "flight" educational institution -. It has 12 faculties and the university is much more versatile. Rather, it trains specialists who can develop technical innovations for the aviation and space industries. The average term of study is 5 years.

According to unofficial data, the first two universities have produced 2,707 pilots over the past 10 years. Now the competition in flight schools is small. There are cases when "retrainers" - military pilots - are hired. Well, young pilots are immediately entrusted with serious tests. According to the data, earlier, for the first three years, graduates were allowed only to the An-2 "maize", then they were gradually transferred to larger ones - An-26 and Tu-134.

And only with all this experience, the pilots began to fly 1st class aircraft (Tu-154 and Il-62). Now, with the right combination of circumstances, one can become the commander of a prestigious Boeing at the age of 25.

There is another side of the problem. Before civilian pilots retired at age 60. Now, as such, the border of retirement does not exist. They fly to "health supply", which in principle gives financial benefits: that the pilot's salary varies from 80 to 200 thousand rubles.

It is known that many States use the practice of "private" training of pilots. The airlines themselves train young pilots so that they can then stay with them. Russian authorities has repeatedly appealed to airlines with a similar proposal, but so far the initiative has not been supported.

Pilot is a specialist who has all the necessary theoretical knowledge and practical skills to control aircraft. Airplanes and helicopters can serve as the latter. The words “pilot” and “pilot” are almost synonymous, but are used in slightly different contexts: pilots are usually called those who fly civil aircraft, and pilots are those who work in the military industry. There is also a specialization of a test pilot who tests new air vehicles. In any case, the profession belongs to the category of "man-technique". The profession is suitable for those who are interested in physics (see the choice of profession for interest in school subjects).

Short description: who is a pilot?

The safety, health and life of passengers and crew of the aircraft (or the safety of cargo) depends on the pilot. This is a very big responsibility, and it is rarely assigned to only one person. As a rule, there are two pilots on the vessel, and a commander, navigator, and flight engineer may also be present on it. In emergency situations, pilots can seek help from air traffic controllers on the ground. This is a profession that requires excellent physical and psychological health.

Features of the profession

It is not unreasonable to believe that a pilot is not so much a profession as a vocation. To successfully fulfill the duties of a pilot, constant concentration, regular study (since more and more new models of aircraft, helicopters and related equipment appear on the market), as well as attention to one’s health and condition, even after hours. The main scope of work that applicants for the vacancy of a pilot must master is as follows:

• Operation of aviation complexes that meets safety requirements (in peacetime and wartime).
• Use of automated systems and computer technology when operating aircraft.
• Interaction with services providing aircraft flights.
• Acceptance and implementation management decisions under time pressure and in critical situations.
• Assessment of the level of flight safety, making a decision on the possibility / impossibility of its completion.
• Performance of adjustment and testing of aviation complexes.
• Perform setup and adjustment of on-board equipment.
• Completion of supporting documents.
• Organization of work of aviation personnel.

It may seem that the answer to the question of who a pilot is can be answered with one simple phrase: the one who is responsible for the flight of an aircraft from point A to point B. However, in practice, both the preparation for this flight, and its implementation, and the successful completion dependent on a huge number of factors. In order to correctly recognize and take them into account, to make optimal decisions at every second of working time, it is necessary to have deep knowledge and impressive experience.

Pros and cons of being a pilot

pros

1. Prestigious profession (and the height of its status is equally high anywhere in the world).
2. High level of income.
3. demand in the labor market.
4. Full social package.
5. As a rule, early retirement age.

Minuses

1. Great responsibility.
2. Strict requirements (as for admission to educational institutions and for employment).
3. The need to constantly maintain their health.
4. Frequent absence, difficulty in maintaining relationships with family and friends.

Important Personal Qualities

As has been repeatedly noted, for the pilot has great importance physical and psychological state. Representatives of this profession should not have any chronic diseases, problems with vision, hearing, vestibular apparatus and other sensory systems. Pilots regularly undergo a medical examination, and if any ailments appear, they may simply not be allowed to fly.

In addition, responsibility, emotional stability, ability to concentrate, high reaction speed, ability to quickly switch attention, lack of fear of heights and confined spaces, certain communication and leadership skills, and analytical thinking are important for such specialists.

pilot training

There are two main options for where to get the profession of a pilot: it can be either colleges or universities. So, in colleges, you can pay attention to the specialty "Testing of aircraft" (code 24.02.03). In higher educational institutions that provide pilot training, the most suitable specialties are "Flight operation and the use of aviation systems" (code 25.05.05), "Aircraft control systems" (code 24.05.06) and "Operation of aircraft and organization of air movement” (code 25.05.05).

A certificate is enough to enter a secondary school (the competition is held on the basis of an average score), and to study at a university as a pilot, you must pass the Unified State Examination in Russian, mathematics and physics or computer science. The training of this responsible and difficult profession, in any case, will last at least 5 years (even when entering a college). Moreover, when studying at a university in correspondence or evening form, it will take 6 years to master the profession of a pilot, and when entering a secondary school after the 9th grade - 4 months more.

universities

Courses

This specialization is quite complex and responsible, so there are no easy and quick courses where it would take only a few months to study as a pilot. There are courses, for example, at the Aeroflot flight school: they last two years and are suitable only for candidates with higher technical education, and highly desirable - aviation.

The best universities for pilots

1. SPbGUGA
2. SPbGUAP
3. MSTU im. N.E. Bauman

Place of work

Pilots work for public and private airlines, they can be personal pilots of private aircraft, they can be engaged in test flights at enterprises involved in the development and production of helicopters and aircraft.

pilot salary

As a rule, pilots receive high wages even when working in state-owned aviation companies. For even higher incomes, they can exceed the monthly departure allowance, but such excesses are subject to restrictions, and it is not recommended to do this all the time due to the need for a good rest.

Salary as of 24.02.2020

Russia 30000—42300 ₽

Moscow 20000—55000 ₽

Career

The career of a pilot begins with work on commercial routes, in small companies, light aviation. As soon as he gains at least a couple of years of experience and enough flying hours, he can get a job in a more serious company. Over time, the pilot may become the chief pilot, crew commander, or take one of the leading positions in the airline itself.

The profession of a pilot is very complex by its very nature. It requires great endurance and emotional stress. There are flights that last almost 14 hours, and all this time the pilot should not be distracted from work - he needs to observe the instruments, check their serviceability. What does it take to become a passenger plane pilot and how to become a civil aviation pilot in Russia - this is of interest to many who are in love with the sky.

The pilots themselves say that in itself it is a very beautiful work. However, it is also dangerous, although it is not officially recognized as such. Indeed, during the flight, various emergency situations can arise - from engine failure to a terrorist attack on board. A pilot must be prepared for any of these situations and know what to do and how to do it. And how to become a civilian pilot in Russia?

In general, the pilot must not only control the aircraft during the flight, but also prepare for the flight, inspect the aircraft before departure, and be able to manage the crew of the liner.

The most important thing is to ensure the safety of each and every individual passenger on board. This is a huge responsibility that falls on the shoulders of the pilot, especially the PIC.

What is needed for this?

First of all, of course, very good health. Pilots regularly undergo honey. commission, as well as before the flight they are examined by a doctor.

Excellent vision and hearing, an excellent eye, impeccable mental health, a good vestibular apparatus - this is not full list health requirements for pilots.

The job of a pilot is complex and stressful.

Work experience, availability of certificates, permits and a diploma of graduation from a flight school, as well as good knowledge of English, also play an important role in the development of a future pilot.

As for the FAC, they also need to be a Personality with a capital letter. After all, it is they who make all the major decisions regarding the flight and during emergency situations.

You have to be constantly focused and attentive. The slightest mistake can cost the lives of not only the pilots themselves, but also all passengers on board.

Where in Russia are they trained to become a civil aviation pilot?

There are only a few educational institutions in Russia where future pilots are trained. It's quite difficult to get there. To do this, you must have excellent health (before admission, you must pass a medical commission) and pass exams in basic technical disciplines.

At the same time, if during training, health deteriorates (at least in one indicator), then they can be removed from training.

Ulyanovsk Higher Aviation School and St. Petersburg Academy of Civil Aviation- these are the best flying schools where they study for 5 years.

Omsk LT College of Civil Aviation, Sasovo Flight School of Civil Aviation, Krasnokutsk Flight School and Buguruslan Flight School - a list of other educational institutions where training lasts 3 years.

It is even more difficult not to enter there, how much to graduate. After all, theory is one thing, and quite another thing is to be in a real cockpit.

After graduating from college/academy

When a future pilot graduates from him only 150 flight hours. This is very small, because to become a pilot of a passenger airliner, you need at least 4,000 flight hours.

On the this moment in Russia there is a huge problem in order to accumulate the required number of hours. The Soviet Union had a well-established system for training pilots of passenger liners.

Initially, they worked on forest protection or other similar aircraft. Then they transferred to domestic airlines and the last stage was international flights.

Pilots learn throughout their lives.

Now this system no longer works. For this reason, airlines have to hire pilots with a minimum set of flight hours. It is sad, but it is directly reflected in the level of flight service.

Some of the pilots go abroad and gain experience there, working as a pilot for small companies or as an instructor. For example, in the USA such work allows you to earn money.

On the contrary, in Russia nothing is paid for it. Also individual companies have their own flight schools, training in which makes it easier to find a job.

In addition, you must have a special license as a line pilot or commercial pilot. To get them, you must graduate from an academy or college. It's kind of like a driver's license that allows you to fly a plane.

Plus, pilots have categories - 1, 2 and 3. Respectively, To get the first category, you need to unlearn 2 and 3. And in general, throughout their careers, pilots take various advanced training courses. And this means that pilots need to learn constantly.

How to get a job with a major airline?

As noted above, for this, first of all must have a large number of flying hours and a commercial or line pilot license.

To get a job in a good airline, a pilot must have a certain number of hours.

Of course, each individual airline has its own requirements for candidates. For example, how to become an Aeroflot pilot from scratch?

To do this, you must have for each aircraft model at least 500 flight hours, and he must also know English at level 4 on the ICAO scale. It is an international organization under the UN. It is she who sets the rules and regulations for civil aviation around the world.

Education must be higher or secondary with the title of pilot. A break in work should not exceed 5 years, and you already know about the presence of a line pilot certificate.

What is required to get a job as a flight attendant and what their salary is indicated and

The profession of a pilot is one of the most romantic. Therefore, more and more young people are interested in how to become a pilot.

To get a dream profession and learn from scratch, you need to be physically prepared, have excellent mental abilities and have a stable psyche.

How to become a civil aviation pilot in Russia

Becoming a civil aviation pilot is impossible in one step. This procedure requires consistent training, obtaining theoretical and practical knowledge. To learn to fly, you need to undergo serious training.

First you need to study at a university or academy. There the student is provided with theoretical knowledge.

Future pilots will learn about the structure of the aircraft, about the rules of its operation, about aviation medicine.

After graduation, the student receives a certificate of commercial pilot category. This category allows commercial flights.

Thus, to become a civil aviation pilot, you need:

1. Study at an academy or university.
2. Successfully pass the theoretical and practical exams.
3. Pass a medical examination. You need to be in perfect health.
4. Fly a certain number of hours.

At first, it will be possible to work only as a co-pilot. But as you gain experience, the possibilities will increase.

How to become a military pilot

Obtaining the profession of a military pilot is about the same. First you need to take lessons in a special educational institution, then get practical skills.

After passing the practical training, the student is given a direction to military unit where he can sign a contract and get to work.

Many want to fly a fighter. But this will require serious training. This job is not for lazy people.

Characteristics of the profession - what it does, functions and responsibilities

The profession involves the management of various types of aircraft.

Helicopters are also included in this concept. To become a helicopter pilot, you also need a certificate.

The specialty combines several positions:

• commander;
• second pilot;
• flight engineer;
• navigator.

Pilot Responsibilities:

• piloting;
• landing;
• instrument control.

Also, do not forget that the pilot of passenger aircraft is responsible for the lives of people.

Health requirements for civil aviation pilots

The health of pilots, even future ones, must be perfect. If there is a military ID, it must be with category "A".

Note: a future pilot can be expelled even during training if his health deteriorates.

Also one of the important questions is how old the pilot should be. Under the law, you can fly from 18 to 65 years.

Personal qualities and skills of future pilots

The most important skills that pilots must possess relate to aircraft.

Experts need to know the features of the structure and specifications aircraft entrusted to them, as well as be able to control them.

Knowledge of English is not required, but would be a plus. It opens up additional possibilities. FROM English language the pilot will be able to work on international flights.

Equally important are the personal qualities of the pilot:

• a responsibility;
• stress tolerance;
• instant reaction;
• punctuality;
• patience;
• ability to analyze;
• the makings of a leader;
• perseverance;
• determination;
• attentiveness.

You also need to be prepared for the fact that you will have to fill out a lot of documents.

Where civil aviation pilots are trained in Russia

In total, there are 3 universities in Russia where future pilots study:

• University of Civil Aviation in St. Petersburg;
• Ulyanovsk Higher Aviation School of Civil Aviation;
• Aviation Institute in Moscow.

The rest of the institutions that train pilots are branches.

How many years to study to be an airplane pilot

The length of study depends on the institution. In universities it is 5 years.

In some schools you can study for 3 years. Training in courses and in special schools for pilots takes about 3 months.

However, do not forget that the process does not end there. Of course, you can work as an amateur, but if you want to improve the category, you will still need to learn and practice a lot.

How to enter the pilot - subjects and exams

Russian language and mathematics are compulsory subjects for passing after school. To enter the pilot, as an additional subject, you need to take physics.

Can a girl become a pilot

Flying is also of interest to girls. However, some schools only accept males.

That's why the possibility of studying at a school or university depends on the specific educational institution.

If it is not possible to enter, you can start studying in courses. Although in most cases the possibility of a girl entering depends on her knowledge and personal qualities.

Where Can an Aircraft Pilot Work?

Employment depends on the category that the pilot has.

To get a job in large companies, you need to get the category of "linear pilot". The main rule is that the more experience, the greater the opportunity to get into a prestigious company, for example, Aeroflot.

What is the salary of a pilot in Russia

The average salary of a pilot in Russia is about 100,000 rubles a month. This figure can reach up to 200,000 rubles.

For military pilots, the salary depends on the complexity of the flights, and for civilians, on the prestige of the airline.

Career growth and development prospects

There are good opportunities for career growth in the profession. However, do not forget about the competition. How better place, the higher it is.

There can be up to 10 applicants for one position in a prestigious company. But if the pilot has a real desire and desire to develop, he will receive a well-deserved position.

You need to be active already during the training, because some airlines cooperate with academies.

Outstanding students can get the opportunity to study at special training centers at the expense of the airline.

Is it worth studying to be an airplane pilot - the pros and cons of the profession

Pros of the profession:

• demand;
• high salary;
• the ability to travel and get paid for it;
• early retirement.

Disadvantages of the profession:

• frequent absence from home;
• constant medical examinations and no guarantee that the next one will be passed;
• strong emotional stress.

It is worth going to learn to be a pilot for those who are really ready for difficult training and continuous improvement of their skills. This is not a profession in which you can work halfway. The profession of a pilot involves constant testing and verification.