Forms and methods of manipulation to human standards. Techniques and ways of manipulating people. Be misled by specific terminology

home » Geography Forms and methods of manipulation to human standards. Techniques and ways of manipulating people. Be misled by specific terminology

A complex technique that is used by many scammers to gain profit is the manipulation of people. Human psychology is such that it can be controlled. Even during business negotiations, the parties try to put pressure on each other, promoting their point of view. And to protect yourself from outside influence, you need to familiarize yourself with different methods of manipulation.

It is mostly hidden. It is more difficult to suppress the will openly. This requires a person who is easily affected. And there are very few of them. In this regard, covert manipulation of people is used.

The multifaceted art of management

Psychology is a multifaceted science. And the art of manipulation is a direct proof of this. There are a huge number of methods by which you can learn to control a person. But there is no such manipulator who would use all the methods. They usually choose a few of the most appropriate methods. Why is manipulation so popular? Human psychology is like this. And with the help of the art of management, you can not only influence the actions of the interlocutor, but also achieve your goal at the same time.

Feel the mood of the people

It should not be thought that everyone is subject to management. In fact, there are people who are difficult to hypnotize. Accordingly, they are also not amenable to manipulation. Attackers try to bypass such people. How do they know who to avoid and who to control? Manipulation of people, psychology - to be a professional in these areas, you need to feel the mood of the interlocutor well. Otherwise, all skills and abilities will be reduced to zero.

Usually manipulators find a weak point. It can be an interest, a belief, a habit, a way of thinking, an emotional state, etc. The main thing is to find where to push and know how to do it. How can people be manipulated? Psychology, books - all this will help us understand popular management methods.

Prize winning

Pay-win. This type of management can be considered the most favorite among scammers who are trying to ingratiate themselves with people. They tell their interlocutor that he has won a prize or reward. Naturally, if you put in the effort, then this may be true. But if there was no contribution on your part, but you somehow won the award, then you should think about the veracity of the situation.

Focusing on the little things. Manipulation described in the book

Displacement of attention. This method was described in the books of a psychologist. He is known as the creator of Ericksonian hypnosis. What are the features that are characteristic of this technique of manipulating people? Human psychology is such that his attention can switch to a variety of little things. And it is on such a switch that management is built. You just need to distract the interlocutor from the important point. For example, the manipulator may offer to make a choice in favor of one of three options. But regardless of your choice, he will always win, not you. The point is not that everything depends on the decision. The main idea is the need to ingratiate yourself and distract attention.

When information is not true

Information mismatch. To recognize inappropriate data transmitted through a variety of channels, you need to familiarize yourself with the basics of non-verbal communication. This is the only way to see that the manipulator's speech is at odds with the rest of the information transmitted by his gestures.

No extra time

What is this psychology of manipulation? Pressure on a person and opposition from his side involves the use of certain time frames. For example, you can start a discussion with the interlocutor of an important topic. However, he, speaking of other plans, begins to get ready to leave. And at the same time, it may require an immediate decision on your part on the issue that was discussed. With this method, they try to drive you into a corner.

Three psychological tricks will help you with this. They will be described next.

The emergence of a sense of duty

Care and love. Almost all methods basically contain the rules of mutual exchange. A fairly common concept in psychology. Its essence lies in the need to arouse a sense of duty in the interlocutor. And it happens on an unconscious level. For example, the husband washed all the dishes, cleaned the rooms, wiped the dust on his own. He sent his wife to rest. And after all the work was done, he casually said that tomorrow he was going to sit with friends for a drink. Well, in such a situation, how can you refuse him? This case is simple and real - the husband has formed a sense of duty in his wife. Accordingly, the probability of hearing a positive response from her side increased markedly.

How to deal with manipulation? People's reviews

If you want to know (including the subtleties of psychology), then you need to understand how to resist manipulation. In this situation, remember that no one will show care without a reason. Mindfulness will help to avoid exposure. In addition, there is no need to accumulate a sense of duty. Don't hesitate to say "no". The above method of manipulation is quite effective. And he meets at every turn.

Zombies

Repetition is the mother of learning. This is the basis of zombies. For example, every day on TV you see advertisements for delicious condiments. Wandering around the store, you yourself will not notice how you get them. Why? This is due to the fact that you have already viewed the advertisement several thousand times. She is firmly entrenched in the subconscious. This technique is often used to manipulate people. No wonder there is a proverb that claims that a person will begin to grunt if he is called a pig a hundred times. This management technique is common in relations between superiors and subordinates with low self-esteem.

How to resist this type of management? Be carefull. Repetition can be associated with care, and then a powerful weapon of control will be obtained. You will automatically turn into a good investor for a bad person. Only mindfulness will save you from such a fate.

Seducing an interlocutor is a wonderful manipulation technique

The Forbidden fruit is sweet. You should not succumb to temptations and desires, although it is difficult. You must have willpower, Do you want to learn how to manipulate? Use this method. Analyze your life. How often have you said the phrase “Do not seduce…”, “Weak…?”, “Not a man or what?”. Or maybe they told you?

For example, promotions and discounts. They are especially common on the Internet when they are accompanied by countdown timers. This is pure temptation, control. It will not allow you to pass by such sites Use this method to your advantage.

It is possible to avoid such an impact. Just understand its nature, realize how it works. A strong character and unwavering principles can also help. Only in this situation, no one can seduce you.

There are many control methods

There are many different ways to manipulate. You have to be able to defend yourself against it. First of all, it is important to listen to yourself. After all, manipulation involves influence, control of someone else's will. If you begin to feel discomfort or tend to make a decision right now, then you need to leave the conversation. Say no and stand by your principles. No need to succumb to provocations. After all, you are just being manipulated.

Start making your own decisions

This review described how to manipulate people (subtleties of psychology). How not to fall for such tricks? Pay attention to this, because you can be controlled constantly in all spheres of life. Start making your own decisions, not the ones that were forced on you. Such is the psychology of manipulation and pressure on a person, the counteraction to which we have considered above.

Intelligence agents, psychologists, politicians, specialists in special business structures, and sometimes ordinary people use these mind manipulation techniques to achieve their goals.
Most often, the victim does not even suspect that he is the object of influence. The most stubborn ones give in easily and do whatever you want them to do.

We have prepared for you a description of these techniques, as well as technologies for protecting against each method of manipulation. Be careful! Add yourself so you don't get caught!
- Methods:

1. manipulation of guilt or resentment.
Using resentment or guilt is one of the surest ways to manipulate a loved one. The image of the unfortunate victim often gives its bearer "Dividends" in the form of tacit powers and reparations. It happens that a person lives in the role of a victim for years and has already got used to it, but he no longer evokes sympathy and a desire to help those around him, but, on the contrary, provokes irritation and even aggression.
Because in fact, strange as it may sound, it is the victim who always ends up at the top of the pyramid in the family system. Such a person influences others through their feelings of guilt. Over time, people involved in this game begin to directly or semi-consciously understand this manipulation and react to it with aggression.
- An antidote.
It is best to develop a rule in the family to forget grievances. And do not remember each other's past sins during family quarrels. It won't lead to anything good anyway. In the event that a partner offended you with something, it is better to immediately discuss this issue. Civilized and correct, without giving assessments to either what is happening or the partner.
Clarify the situation and adjust the rules of interaction to reduce the likelihood of a recurrence of a similar situation. Let's say metaphorically: write down insults in the sand, and carve joys in marble and granite. Make it the norm for your family and see how much easier and happier your life will become.
2. anger manipulation.
There are people who go berserk to force you to give in to them. These are manipulators using what is called tactical anger.
- An antidote.
The worst thing is to go on about such a person. After all, if his technique works, he will continue to do so with you and with others in the future. To begin with, you will need your determination: you must not give in or allow yourself to be shouted at. Only if the manipulator continues to scream, leave. Continue this behavior in any subsequent skirmishes when he is angry, until the angry opponent learns to behave rationally with you.
With regard to your own anger, to which you will also often be provoked, it is worth developing a conscious position and rules in advance. Remember that in anger you may even be able to give your best speech. But there is a high probability that you will regret it later and will regret it all your life.
3. manipulation of silence.
People use meaningful silence when they want to show how upset they are. Otherwise, in their opinion, you will think that the problem is not important for them. People who often resort to silence for minor reasons create an unpleasant atmosphere that can ruin working relationships. The silence is calculated to make you feel guilty when you realize how upset this person is.
- An antidote.
Try to refrain from playing along with "Puffy", because if it works once, the silent one will resort to this technique all the time. But don't be harsh with him; act like everything is fine. Wait, let him break the silence himself. In the event that you have discussions with a silent person, listen to him with an open mind. Friendly and reasonable explain to him what your point of view is based on.
Even if your interlocutor continues to sulk after your story, you will know that you did your best. You didn't back down just to avoid a silence designed to force you to capitulate.
4. manipulation of love.
"If you love, then." This manipulation is designed for close people who have a positive attitude towards the manipulator. The fear of being rejected and losing love is strong in people from childhood. Many parents imprudently tried to manipulate their child, saying "If you will not listen to me / do what I say, etc., then I will stop communicating with you / loving you / taking care of you, etc."
- An antidote.
Love is not a subject of bargaining, but the result of a relationship. When you notice the exploitation of your feelings, think about how much you need it.
5. manipulation of hope.
Brilliant promises often hide behind them the desire for the momentary benefit of their author. The fabulous promises of the cat Basilio and the fox Alice were dictated by their desire to get the golden ones that jingled in Pinocchio's pocket as soon as possible. Often such "Songs" lead even more knowledgeable citizens to bury cash "in the field of miracles in the country of fools."
- An antidote.
An Arabic proverb says: "The wise man hopes for his deeds, but the foolish one relies on hope." Trust facts, not opinions. Make decisions based on real experience, not on someone else's stories or assumptions.
6. manipulation of vanity.
Little hooks that cling tightly to an overinflated ego may look like an innocent comment. Praise used in the calculation to achieve your goals: "you are excellent at writing reports! Surely, and with what I want to offer you, no one will do better than you!" You probably couldn't.” “The antidote.
Remember, did you plan to make the offer before presenting the provocative proposal? Check if it suits your interests and abilities.
7. manipulation of irony or sarcasm.
The manipulator chooses an initially ironic tone, critical statements and remarks, seasoned with jokes or provocative comments.
- Antidote: it is impossible to make yourself offended without your own participation. Do not believe - try to be offended just like that, for nothing in particular. Only if you do not succumb to the provocations of the manipulator, realizing or reminding yourself who and what you are dealing with, will you be able to maintain clarity of thought, accuracy of wording and emotional balance.

What does it mean to manipulate a person? Manipulation is various methods of suggestion, influencing the opponent's consciousness through the subconscious. Sometimes up to hypnosis (for example, gypsy, psychotherapeutic hypnosis).

A person who knows how to manage people is a subtle psychologist by nature. He constantly empathizes with someone, but does not separate from his own personality at all. Knows those areas of the psyche that can be used to play their roles, introduce useful thoughts. Knows how to effortlessly force to do what the interlocutor does not do of his own free will. Know how to read non-verbal information to manipulate people.

With skillful manipulations, information reaches the motivational sphere of the opponent in a roundabout way - bypassing consciousness. The basic rule of how to manipulate people is that expressions are given in a neutral form, or with emotional accompaniment that obscures the main meaning. It lulls the feeling of criticism and protest. The conscious choice of words, their combination changes the perception of objective reality.

sane, with developed logical thinking; it is not easy to inspire such personalities. They have a soft spot: a love of convenience, well-being, comfort and safety. This is manipulation at the level of needs;
entertainment lovers are a vulnerable target, rationality and common sense are not a priority for them;
excessive materialists quickly succumb to ideas that promise profit;
overly economical: they choose the cheapest and in large quantities.
narcissists succumb to manipulation with compliments and flattery;
with brightly developed animal instincts - they are brought down by the primitiveness of needs: love for food, sleep, sexual relations;
conscientious intellectuals side with the manipulator in order to understand his point of view;
with a developed sense of justice - it is enough for a manipulator to put pressure on the victim, focusing on conscience and a sense of duty;
increased self-esteem - it is easy for such a person to inspire that he deserves more;
greedy succumb to tempting offers and promises;
elderly - such people are often gullible, because they are not adapted to the framework of the new time and live in the circumstances of the old, more open conditions.

Under the manipulation of people, you need to understand a whole range of techniques for influencing the minds of other people. In fact, this is a whole art, suggesting that a manipulating person (manipulator), understanding the intricacies of the human psyche, finds an individual approach to any person. At the same time, he constantly forms a new image of himself in order to achieve his goals. Many people, unfortunately, do not even think that there are a huge number of manipulation techniques and techniques, and that with their help they are “managed” almost daily. This is because manipulation tends to be stealthy. Few people are able to master all the methods, but even a few are enough to direct the actions of a particular person in the right direction.

The manipulator must have an idea about personality types, be sensitive to the mood and emotional state of people. And any of us can fall under the influence of such a person. But the difference in suggestibility (whether we are more or less influenced) depends on individual characteristics. There are even those who simply cannot be manipulated. Most often, these are very strong and insightful natures with specific mental properties. And the manipulators try not to get involved with them, because all their hidden intentions immediately become clear.

Any manipulator is a psychologist to some extent, because he determines the “potential” of the victim, his weaknesses, advantages and disadvantages of character and temperament. And as soon as a weak point is found, he begins to act on it. Such a point can be an emotional state, a state of being in love, affection, resentment, interest or conviction. The main task of the manipulator is to determine what exactly is a point. The media (mass manipulation) are guided by similar principles in their activities. public figures, politicians and other dignitaries acting out of vested interests.

By the way, in a very accessible form, Tatyana Vasilyeva, a trainer at Equator, talks about what manipulation is. Watch the video, after which we will talk about what psychology tells us about the manipulation of people.

Basics of the psychology of manipulation. Psychological techniques for manipulating the mental consciousness of a person and the masses

The art of manipulating people. How to learn to manipulate people

Some individuals have the gift of manipulation from an early age - in childhood, most of us do it unconsciously, over time, either forgetting about such skills, or developing and improving them. What does it mean to manipulate a person? Literally, this means direct or indirect influence, forcing a person to act according to the plan of the manipulator.

Is it worth it to learn such influence? Certainly yes. The technique of penetration into the human subconscious allows you to inspire people with what you want, while using nothing but communication. In addition, knowledge of possible techniques of this kind protects against unconscious subordination to other individuals. The art of manipulating people is easy for someone, and quite difficult for someone, it all depends on the individual qualities of the character of a potential manipulator.

Methods, techniques and methods of manipulation. (Modern psychotechnologies of manipulation)

Methods of counteraction may be different, depending on the skills of the object of manipulation. For example, as a result of “adjustment” (the so-called calibration in NLP), you can first stage a state of mind similar to that of the manipulator, and then, having calmed down, calm the manipulator as well. Or, for example, you can show your calmness and absolute indifference to the anger of the manipulator, thereby confusing him, and therefore depriving him of his manipulative advantage. You can sharply increase the pace of your own aggressiveness by speech techniques simultaneously with a light touch on the manipulator (his hand, shoulder, arm ...), and additional visual impact, i.e. in this case, we seize the initiative, and by simultaneously influencing the manipulator with the help of visual, auditory and kinesthetic stimuli, we introduce him into a state of trance, and hence dependence on you, because in this state the manipulator itself becomes the object of our influence, and we we can introduce certain attitudes into his subconscious, because It is known that in a state of anger any person is subject to coding (psychoprogramming). Other countermeasures can also be used. It should be remembered that in a state of anger it is easier to make a person laugh. You should know about this feature of the psyche and use it in time.

Manipulation is a hidden psychological technique with which you can force any person, I emphasize, anyone, to perform the actions you need against his will and interests.
But that's the standard definition of manipulation. Let's give this skill a broader and more practical definition. Manipulation is a psychological weapon that gives a person the same (and even more) advantage over other people as other types of weapons. With this weapon, you can attack and capture, or you can defend and defend. It helps you survive and succeed. A good manipulator, that is, a person who skillfully owns hidden psychological techniques, is much stronger than a man armed to the teeth.
Why? Because he can encourage a variety of people to the actions he needs and thus solve any problems and tasks. And what problems and tasks can be solved by a person armed with weapons familiar in our understanding? Just a few, right? The power of weapons has its limitations. But there are no restrictions on manipulation. You can manipulate all people without exception, both the most ordinary and the most powerful and powerful. The only limitation is your own abilities. The more perfect your manipulation skills, the more people you can manipulate. The manipulations themselves have no restrictions - anyone can be manipulated.

The one who masters the art of manipulation owns the world. Any intelligence agent, politician, media personality or psychologist will tell you this. And if there are those who study and use manipulation to influence the consciousness of the masses and control the psyche of individuals on a professional level, then there must be those who are fluent in the art of resisting sophisticated manipulators. Below are 5 particularly tricky ways to manipulate people and how to counter them. These techniques are often used by special services, media, politicians, business structures, advertisers, show business figures or ordinary people who ceased to be such when they reached the level of God in manipulation.

Method 1. Emotional contagion

This technique is often used by politicians, businessmen, actors, television people. It is designed to bypass the censorship of the human psyche, which builds barriers to the penetration of unwanted, irrelevant or unnecessary information into the consciousness. In this case, the manipulative impact is directed to feelings through emotional infection. By giving information vivid emotions, you can easily reach the heart of a person, put pressure on his reflexes and instincts, and thereby make the “experimental” experience a storm of passions that the manipulator needs. You can watch this technique in action in advertising, reality shows, election campaigns, sales, and other situations that require people to get emotionally excited.

Anti-manipulation: Be aware and aware of the goals of people who spin you on emotions. Always keep your goal in mind, and if the proposed service, product, entertainment, promise certainly satisfies it, consider emotional contagion as a pleasant bonus. If the actions of the alleged manipulators lead away from your true intention, the manipulators are real. Stop and take a break to make a decision without the onslaught.

Method 2. Hidden commands for action

Dexterous manipulators hide their command in the request, allowing the person to think that he owns the situation. A good example is a Zen Buddhist parable.

With wise conversations, the Zen teacher Bankei attracted adherents of various sects to his circle of followers, making them sincere and constant listeners. Dissatisfied with this circumstance, the priest of the Nichiren sect once came to Bankei during a conversation with his students, and said with a sneer:
- Bankei! Only those who respect you listen to you and obey your words. And I don't respect you! Make me obey you!
- Good! Come closer and I'll show you that I can do it easily.
Nichiren arrogantly passed through the crowd of students, and stood on the left, as the Zen master indicated with his hand.
"No, though," Bankei corrected himself. - Stand right. That way you get a better idea of what's going on.
The priest obeyed with the same haughtiness.
- See? Bankei turned to him again. “You obey me, and I haven’t even started my arguments yet. I am sure you are a subtle and deep person. Sit in the circle of my disciples and listen.

Anti-manipulation: You must have your own clear “coordinate system” that you can rely on even in unconscious decision making. Established principles, beliefs, life creed will provide your “backbone” with a pivot on which manipulators will break their teeth.

Method 3. Tactics of avoiding discussion

This manipulation technique uses resentment or blame as a psychological weapon. the main objective- disrupt the discussion, acquiring an undesirable outcome for the manipulator. He provokes a conflict in order to piss off the interlocutor, evoke destructive emotions in him and turn the discussion into a quarrel that leads away from the topic under discussion. The manipulator can use such tricks: rude interruption of the opponent's speech, increased tone, neglect, unwillingness to listen, disrespect. His provocative phrases may sound like this: “It is impossible to have constructive conversations with you - you only hear yourself!”, “Your demonstrative behavior makes it impossible to continue our conversation!”, “I would enter into an intellectual duel with you, but it seems that you are unarmed !”, “I do not intend to cherish your complexes! Calm your nerves - let's continue the conversation!

Anti-manipulation: Your main weapon is emotional calm. Respond to any attacks calmly, remembering that they can be provocations. The manipulator will remain “with a nose” if you leave his carefully thought-out and rehearsed speech without reaction (no answer, excuses, fussiness, etc.)

Method 4. Psychological "aikido"

This technique underlies the principle of perceptual contrast. The manipulator provides the necessary information on the contrast of events, achieving a change in the opponent's beliefs and his positive reaction to the circumstances. A perfect example is the letter published by psychologist Robert Cialdini in his book The Psychology of Influence.

He is a wonderful guy, we fell in love with each other and are going to get married. We haven't set a date yet, but the wedding will be before my pregnancy becomes noticeable. Yes, mom and dad, I'm pregnant. The reason for the delay in our marriage is that my friend caught a minor infection that interferes with premarital blood tests, and I inadvertently contracted it from him ...
Now, after I told you what happened, I want to tell you that there was no fire in the hostel, I was not in the hospital, I'm not pregnant, I'm not engaged, I'm not infected and I don't have a fiancé. However, I get low grades in American history and bad grades in chemistry, and I want you to look at these grades with wisdom and condescension. Your loving daughter Sharon."

Anti-manipulation: "He who has no criticism has no head!" says English wisdom. Learn to be critical of everything. Influencing you in this case will be much more difficult and dangerous. Remember your value system, chosen positions, long-term priorities and always correlate them with the information received under the influence of manipulators.

Method 5. Herd instinct

The main goal of the manipulator who has chosen this method is to force the opponent to adhere to the opinion of the masses. He can lead to this with such phrases: “All normal people do this!”, “Not a single sane person will argue with this!”, “How are you better than others ?!” etc. Thus, the aggressor affects the herd instinct inherent in every person at the genetic level. Surviving "in the herd" is much easier, and the opponent will instinctively begin to feel more confident when he acts like the majority of people from the social community to which he belongs. It is easy to manipulate those who want to live "like all normal people."

Anti-manipulation: There is nothing worse than being like everyone else. For those who are afraid to stand out from the crowd, to have their own opinion, to become a "black sheep" or a bright personality, life is average. This time. Two - a signal from him in the form of generalizing marker words will help you not to become a victim of a manipulator: everything, nobody, anyone, always, never, everywhere.

Videos manipulation

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Everyone strives to achieve goals that can be completely different and depend on many factors that determine a person’s life and his personality. In the same way, the ways in which they are implemented can also differ. One person can achieve them only on his own, guided by ethical principles in relation to others, with an understanding of which ways to achieve the result are appropriate and which ones go beyond the boundaries of the permissible. Another may have a psychological effect on people and use them for personal gain.

What is human manipulation

The manipulator must have an idea about, be sensitive to the mood and emotional state of people. And any of us can fall under the influence of such a person. But the difference in suggestibility (whether we are more or less influenced) depends on individual characteristics. There are even those who simply cannot be manipulated. Most often, these are very strong and insightful natures with specific mental properties. And the manipulators try not to get involved with them, because all their hidden intentions immediately become clear.

Any manipulator is a psychologist to a certain extent, because he determines the “potential” of the victim, her weaknesses, advantages and disadvantages. And as soon as a weak point is found, he begins to act on it. Such a point can be an emotional state, a state of being in love, affection, resentment, interest or conviction. The main task of the manipulator is to determine what exactly is a point. Public figures, politicians and other high-ranking persons acting out of selfish interests are guided by similar principles in their activities (mass manipulation).

Psychology of manipulation

Manipulation of consciousness is a very subtle art, and to understand it, you need to know how a manipulator can operate in most cases. The examples here are quite common. So, striving for his goals, he can begin to praise a person in order to achieve his location. And having felt that he has achieved him, proceed to the main action - to ask or somehow force him to do something for him. And it works - a person who has just heard a tirade addressed to him, purely psychologically, will be forced to comply with the request so as not to seem ill-mannered or tactless.

But imagine that the person managed to figure out that the speech of the manipulator was insincere, or simply felt that after it some requests would come, and firmness of character. Having caught such behavior, the manipulator will either stop trying to influence, or may enter into a confrontation and even insult the one whom he originally wanted to manipulate.

There are more examples. Many manipulators intimidate people, which often works, because there are a lot of incompetent and anxious people. In this case, the initiator of the manipulation controls the behavior of a person who is ready to give up his interests in order not to aggravate the situation. But this is only the apparent "power" and "strength" of the manipulator.

Psychology often points out that a person's desire to control others should be considered a reflection of his own weakness. By controlling the actions of others, the manipulator simply compensates for his own complexes, impotence, insecurity, or even envy. But the fact that some people have no idea that they are manipulating someone is also very interesting. Every person at least once in his life acted in such a role, albeit unconsciously. Therefore, you need to be more conscious and try to objectively perceive your own actions and deeds. Read our article "" and thematic books, for example, the works of Henrik Fexeus. However, we will say more about books, but for now we will not deviate from the topic.

Psychologists have identified several types of people who are potential victims of manipulation. There are five of these types:

The first type is people who live an ordinary life, striving for security and comfort, in whose thinking common sense and logic prevail. Such people are manipulated mainly at the level of needs.
The second type is people who live mainly in a state of stress, with a predominantly creative mind, dreamy, vulnerable and sensitive, easily suggestible. These people are manipulated at the level of feelings and imagination.
The third type is people who are rational, think logically, prefer facts and specifics, and subject everything to analysis. People in this category are manipulated, affecting the sense of justice, conscience and morality, as well as self-esteem.
The fourth type is people whose behavior is dictated by animal instincts, and who strive in their lives for the most part to eat, sleep and have sex. Manipulating such people is as easy as shelling pears - just by providing them with one of these pleasures.
The fifth type is people with psychological disorders whose behavior is influenced by hallucinations; people deprived of common sense and the ability to fully analyze what is happening. They are subjected to the most brutal manipulation through intimidation or pain.

Manipulators with amazing accuracy (having only talked a little with a person) are able to determine the type of victim, and based on this data, they choose a method or method of manipulating consciousness.

Techniques and methods of manipulation

The art of manipulation is quite diverse. Some use the same methods over and over, while others constantly hone their skills to manipulate more effectively. Knowing about these methods is useful in order to understand what to fear, be able to defend yourself and be able to expose the manipulator. If suddenly you yourself want to try to manipulate someone at your leisure, keep in mind that any techniques and methods will give the result only after careful preparation, in particular after determining the points of influence.

The most common points of contact in manipulation are:

emotional condition;
professional skills;
way of thinking, habits and style of behavior;
worldview and beliefs;
interests and needs.

To successfully manipulate a person, the manipulator must collect information about him. It is strategically useful to think over in detail the time, place and conditions in which manipulation will be carried out, as well as to create for it a suitable environment that increases suggestibility. Examples of such an environment: crowded or, conversely, secluded places, depending on the situation.

Equally important is the contact established between people. An experienced manipulator knows how to establish and develop it to challenge the victim's confidence. Here it is appropriate to note that many well-known authors (Dale Carnegie, Robert Levin, Henrik Fexeus and others) have written and are writing about manipulation techniques, and therefore it is not difficult to find a manual.

After the contact is established and the conditions correspond to the planned ones, the “preparatory stage” ends. Now you can resort to manipulation techniques (note that not all of them require careful preparation and can be applied spontaneously). The techniques and methods of manipulation described below are used most often as the most effective. Examples, we think, you can pick up without problems.

Imaginary inferiority

The method of imaginary inferiority consists in the fact that the manipulator shows weakness and expects a condescending attitude towards him. If it was possible to convince the victim of this, she loses her vigilance, relaxes and ceases to perceive the manipulator as a rival or a person who is stronger than her.

The best way to protect yourself from such manipulation is to perceive everyone around you. strong people(serious rivals).

False repetition

The false repetition method is designed to change the essence of the words spoken by the victim in order to give them a meaning that is beneficial to the manipulator. The initiator says the same thing as the victim, but in a slightly different form, allowing you to change the meaning.

In order not to fall for this bait, you need as much as possible what people say to you in response to your words, and immediately point out distortions and inaccuracies, if any.

False love

The method of false love is expressed in the manifestation of (insincere) reverence, respect or love. The consciousness of the object of manipulation is clouded by flattering words and attitudes, which allows you to achieve a variety of goals.

It helps to resist the method, sensitivity and a sober mind, allowing you to recognize the insincerity and the real attitude of the manipulator.

ostentatious indifference

The method of ostentatious indifference is based on the fact that the manipulator appears indifferent in the eyes of the victim to her ideas and words. He simply waits patiently for the subject to prove his awareness and the significance of what he knows, in terms of important facts. As a result, you can learn everything you need on the right topic without much effort.

To protect yourself from such provocations, you need to remain attentive to people's behavior and notice suspicious signs in time.

feigned rush

The method of feigned haste in the art of manipulation is no less famous. Here the manipulator begins to pretend to be in a hurry and speak quickly, "talking teeth" to the victim. As a result, the latter simply does not have time to comprehend everything said and agrees with the manipulator (for example, to fulfill his request).

Having noticed such behavior in your interlocutor, you need to stop his speech as soon as possible (even interrupt him) and, pointing to your own haste, stop the conversation.

Unmotivated anger

The method of unmotivated anger consists in the fact that the manipulator begins to defiantly and aggressively behave so that the victim begins to calm him down and make concessions.

An easy way to counteract this "anger" is to ignore it, don't calm the manipulator, and remain steadfast. Indifference always has a sobering effect on the aggressors.

False stupidity

The method of untruthful stupidity is very simple: the manipulator accuses the victim of illiteracy and stupidity, which makes her confused. The initiator ensures that the victim begins to think and doubt, and uses this moment to prove his position or achieve another goal.

Confidence in and validity of judgments, as well as the ability to control oneself, will help not to fall into this trick.

Imitation bias

A method of faking bias is that the victim is forced to dismiss the suspicion that they are biased against the manipulator who points it out. The victim begins to make excuses, praise the interlocutor, point out his positive qualities and advantages, and show goodwill. This helps the manipulator satisfy, for example, the need for vanity or achieve some other result.

Confronting imitation bias is easy: all you need to do is to initially disprove any possibility of bias with facts, and not start playing by the manipulator's rules.

Labeling

The labeling method assumes that the manipulator, talking with the victim about some third person, speaks unflatteringly about him. The negativity shown by the manipulator contributes to the fact that the victim begins to think badly about the third person, while, quite likely, not even knowing him (if this person is familiar, trust in him may simply be lost). Thus, there are two victims at once - direct and indirect.

Understanding that nothing can be trusted will help to avoid manipulation here. Information, of course, needs to be taken into account, but it needs to be verified.

Specific terminology

The method of using specific terminology works great when manipulating a person's consciousness. The manipulator uses terms and concepts unknown to the victim during the conversation. It turns out that she finds herself in an awkward position and, not wanting to show awkwardness, does not ask about anything. The manipulator wins and can take advantage of the situation.

As the well-known saying goes: “it’s better to ask twice than to remain silent once,” so in any such case, do not be shy and try to clarify everything that is not clear.

The game of commonness

The method of playing the common people can be called specific, because. most often used by politicians and important influential people. The manipulator creates the image of "just like everyone else", a completely simple person, which allows him to reduce the distance with people, earn their trust and form the desired image.

You should never take everything and everyone at their word; you need to objectively evaluate people and try to recognize their motives.

Planned PR

The method of planned PR also belongs to the category of specific ones, because. is used for PR purposes when it is necessary to form a positive image or image of a product or person. Manipulators (here, as a rule, there are several of them) spread information among people that carries the best that can be said about the object of PR.

As in many other cases, you can avoid falling into the trap of planned PR with the help of conscious perception of incoming information, its objective assessment and verification.

Link to authorities

The method of referring to authorities boils down to the fact that the manipulator, communicating with the victim, quotes or cites the opinions of famous and influential people, thanks to which he makes the impression he needs (and those around him in general).

In order not to let yourself be influenced, you need to carefully listen to what they say to you and ask clarifying questions to the manipulator, with the help of which you can reveal his incompetence.

Card juggling

The method of juggling cards is no more complicated than the previous one. The manipulator, talking with the victim, selects several approximately similar facts as arguments in order to put them together and show the problem under discussion from the side that is beneficial to him.

You can fend off such manipulation by bringing other facts that reveal the topic under discussion from a disadvantageous side for the manipulator.

grin

The method of sneer (or irony) is expressed in the fact that the manipulator demonstrates a dismissive attitude towards the words of the victim, as a result of which she begins to lose her temper, get angry, lose self-control. As a result, the protective barrier of the psyche is removed and the person is suggestible.

The only and most effective way to combat such manipulation is absolute indifference to the words of the manipulator.

False representation of favorable terms

The method of falsely presenting favorable conditions is that the manipulator verbally and hints to the victim about the great opportunities that he has at the moment. If the victim can be convinced of this, the manipulator can influence her so that, for example, she performs some actions that are beneficial to him.

You can resist this method by clearly understanding your own place, your capabilities and conditions. The main thing is not to succumb to provocations and not to do what you should not.

These are the most popular tricks and methods of manipulation. Of course, the arsenal of manipulators is much wider, but we will not touch on more specific methods. Instead, let's talk about a few secrets of hasty manipulation. They will help you better understand how to manipulate people and protect yourself from being manipulated.

Secrets of successful manipulation

The art of manipulating the human mind is so widespread that we do not even think that we are becoming its victims. And in order to become more receptive (and also to improve your skills yourself), you need to know a few secrets of manipulation. We can name four such secrets:

Simple, kind and merciful people, capable of altruism and self-sacrifice, most often succumb to manipulation. These traits are undoubtedly good, but they make a person more vulnerable.
Manipulators successfully use the subconscious, such as the fear of being abandoned or left alone. By pressing on these points, it becomes very easy to control the actions and even thoughts of others.
Manipulators take into account that most people are wary of negative emotions and avoid conflict. A banal increase in voice or a change in tone can be controlled by a person without resorting to the above methods.
Manipulations are most successful when applied against people who do not know how, i.e. refuse. Knowing that such a person is in front of him, the manipulator can be 80% sure that the victim will do what he says.

In communication, you must always remain vigilant - this is the first step to resist manipulation. It is equally important to know your personal characteristics and - this also helps to strengthen the "immunity" against those who want to use you for their own purposes.

If you want to understand the topic in depth, we have three suggestions for you at once.

First, read our blog articles:

George Simon, Who's in Sheep's Clothing? How to recognize a manipulator;
Nicolas Gueguin "Psychology of manipulation and submission";
Viktor Sheinov "The Art of Managing People";
Vladimir Adamchik "200 ways of successful manipulation";
Robert Levin "Mechanisms of manipulation - protection from foreign influence."

And thirdly, watch this interesting video about the tricks of manipulating people. Use your skills only for good and do not succumb to other people's manipulations. We wish you success!

The knowledge base of Backmology contains a huge amount of materials in the field of business, economics, management, various issues of psychology, etc. The articles presented on our website are only an insignificant part of this information. It makes sense for you, the casual visitor, to familiarize yourself with the concept of Backmology, as well as with the content of our knowledge base.

There are a large number of methods of psychological influence (manipulation). Some of them are available for mastering only after a long practice (for example, NLP), some are freely used by most people in life, sometimes without even noticing it; it is enough to have an idea about some methods of manipulative influence in order to protect yourself from them; to counteract others, you yourself need to be good at such techniques (for example, gypsy psychological hypnosis), etc.

The following manipulation techniques will be considered equivalent in terms of efficiency groups. Despite the fact that each block precedes its inherent name, nevertheless, it should be noted that the specific methods of influencing the subconscious are very effective for everyone, without exception, regardless of the specific target audience or typical personality traits of a particular person. This is explained by the fact that the human psyche in general has the same components, and differs only in minor details, and hence the increased efficiency of the developed methods of manipulation that exist in the world.

Ways to manipulate the mental consciousness of a person

1. False questioning, or deceptive clarifications. In this case, the manipulative effect is achieved due to the fact that the manipulator pretends that he wants to better understand something for himself, asks you again, but repeats your words only at the beginning and then only partially, introducing a different meaning into the meaning of what you said earlier, thereby changing the general meaning of what was said to please himself.

In this case, you should be extremely careful, always listen to what they say to you, and noticing a catch, clarify what you said earlier; moreover, to clarify even if the manipulator, pretending not to notice your desire for clarification, tries to move on to another topic.

2. Deliberate haste, or skipping topics. The manipulator in this case seeks, after voicing any information, to quickly move on to another topic, realizing that your attention is immediately redirected to new information, which means that the likelihood that the previous information that was not “protested” will reach the subconscious increases listener; if information reaches the subconscious, then it is known that after any information is in the unconscious (subconscious), after a while it is realized by a person, i.e. goes into consciousness. Moreover, if the manipulator additionally strengthened his information with an emotional load, or even entered it into the subconscious by coding, then such information will appear at the moment the manipulator needs, which he himself will provoke (for example, using the principle of "anchoring" from NLP, or, in other words, by activating the code).

In addition, as a result of haste and jumping topics, it becomes possible to "voice" a large number of topics in a relatively short period of time; which means that the censorship of the psyche will not have time to let everything through itself, and the likelihood increases that a certain part of the information will penetrate into the subconscious, and from there it will influence the consciousness of the object of manipulation in a way that is beneficial to the manipulator.

3. The desire to show one's indifference, or pseudo-inattention. In this case, the manipulator tries to perceive both the interlocutor and the information received as indifferently as possible, thereby unconsciously forcing the person to try at all costs to convince the manipulator of his importance to him. Thus, the manipulator can only manage the information coming from the object of his manipulations, receiving those facts that the object was not going to spread before. A similar circumstance on the part of the person who is being manipulated is inherent in the laws of the psyche, forcing any person to strive at all costs to prove his case by convincing the manipulator (not suspecting that this is a manipulator), and using the available arsenal of logical controllability of thoughts for this - that is, the presentation of new circumstances of the case, facts that, in his opinion, can help him in this. What turns out to be in the hands of the manipulator, who finds out the information he needs.

As a countermeasure in this case, it is recommended to strengthen your own volitional control and not succumb to provocations.

4. False inferiority, or imaginary weakness. This principle of manipulation is aimed at the desire on the part of the manipulator to show the object of manipulation his weakness, and thereby achieve the desired, because if someone is weaker, the effect of condescension turns on, which means that the censorship of the human psyche begins to function in a relaxed mode, as if not perceiving what comes from manipulator information seriously. Thus, the information coming from the manipulator passes immediately into the subconscious, is deposited there in the form of attitudes and patterns of behavior, which means that the manipulator achieves his goal, because the object of manipulation, without suspecting it, after a while will begin to fulfill the attitudes laid down in the subconscious, or, in other words, carry out the secret will of the manipulator.

The main way of confrontation is the complete control of information coming from any person, i.e. everyone is an adversary and should be taken seriously.

5. False love, or lulling vigilance. Due to the fact that one individual (manipulator) plays in front of another (object of manipulation) love, excessive respect, reverence, etc. (i.e. expresses his feelings in a similar way), he achieves incomparably more than if he openly asked for something.

In order not to succumb to such provocations, one should have, as F.E. Dzerzhinsky once said, “a cold mind.”

6. Furious pressure, or exorbitant anger. Manipulation in this case becomes possible as a result of unmotivated rage on the part of the manipulator. A person who is targeted by this kind of manipulation will have a desire to calm the one who is angry with him. Why is he subconsciously ready to make concessions to the manipulator.

7. Fast pace, or unjustified haste. In this case, we should talk about the desire of the manipulator, due to the imposed excessively fast pace of speech, to push through some of his ideas, having achieved their approval by the object of manipulation. This becomes possible even when the manipulator, hiding behind the alleged absence of time, achieves incomparably more from the object of manipulation than if this happened over a long period of time, during which the object of manipulation would have time to think over his answer, and therefore not become a victim of deception ( manipulations).

In this case, you should take a timeout (for example, refer to an urgent phone call, etc.) to knock the manipulator off the pace set by him. To do this, you can act out a misunderstanding of a question and a “stupid” questioning, etc.

8. Excessive suspicion, or making forced excuses. This type of manipulation occurs when the manipulator acts suspicious in any matter. As a response to suspicion in the object of manipulation, a desire to justify oneself follows. Thus, the protective barrier of his psyche weakens, which means that the manipulator achieves his goal by “pushing” the necessary psychological attitudes into his subconscious.

A defense option is to realize yourself as a person and volitionally resist an attempt of any manipulative influence on your psyche (i.e. you must demonstrate your own self-confidence and show that if the manipulator is suddenly offended, then let him be offended, and if he wants to leave, you will not run after him; this should be adopted by "in love": do not let yourself be manipulated.)

9. Imaginary fatigue, or a game of consolation. The manipulator with all his appearance shows fatigue and the inability to prove something and listen to any objections. Thus, the object of manipulation tries to quickly agree with the words given by the manipulator, so as not to tire him with his objections. Well, by agreeing, he thereby follows the lead of the manipulator, who only needs this.

There is only one way to counteract: not to succumb to provocations.

10. The authority of the manipulator, or the deception of power. This type of manipulation comes from such specifics of the individual's psyche as the worship of authorities in any area. Most often it turns out that the very area in which such an “authority” has achieved results lies in a completely different area than his imaginary “request” now, but nevertheless, the object of manipulation cannot do anything with himself, since in his soul the majority people believe that there is always someone who has achieved more than they do.

A variant of confrontation is belief in one's own exclusivity, super-personality; development in oneself the belief in one's own chosenness, in the fact that you are a super-human.

11. Favors rendered, or payment for help. The manipulator conspiratorially informs the object of manipulation about something, as if advising him to make this or that decision in a friendly way. At the same time, clearly hiding behind an imaginary friendship (in fact, they may be acquainted for the first time), as advice, he inclines the object of manipulation to the solution that the manipulator needs first of all.

You need to believe in yourself, and remember that you have to pay for everything. And it is better to pay immediately, i.e. before you are required to pay in the form of gratitude for the service rendered.

12. Resistance, or enacted protest. The manipulator, with some words, excites feelings in the soul of the object of manipulation, aimed at overcoming the barrier that has arisen (censorship of the psyche), in an effort to achieve his own. It is known that the psyche is arranged in such a way that a person wants to a greater extent what is either forbidden to him or what efforts must be made to achieve. Whereas what may be better and more important, but lies on the surface, in fact, is often not noticed.

The way to counteract is self-confidence and will, i.e. you should always rely only on yourself, and not give in to weaknesses.

13. Particular factor, or from details to error. The manipulator forces the object of manipulation to pay attention only to one specific detail, not allowing to notice the main thing, and on the basis of this to draw the appropriate conclusions, accepted by the consciousness of that as an uncontested basis for the meaning of what was said. It should be noted that this is very common in life, when most people allow themselves to make their own opinion about any subject, in fact, having neither facts nor more detailed information, and often not having their own opinion about what they are judging, using the opinions of others. Therefore, it is possible to impose such an opinion on them, which means that the manipulator will achieve his own.

To counteract, you should constantly work on yourself, on increasing your own knowledge and level of education.

14. Irony, or manipulation with a grin. Manipulation is achieved due to the fact that the manipulator chooses an initially ironic tone, as if unconsciously questioning any words of the object of manipulation. In this case, the object of manipulation "loses its temper" much faster; and since critical thinking is difficult during anger, a person enters ASC (altered states of consciousness), in which consciousness easily passes through itself the early forbidden information.

For effective protection, you should show your complete indifference to the manipulator. Feeling like a super-human, "chosen one", will help to treat the attempt to manipulate you with indulgence - as if it were child's play. The manipulator will immediately feel such a state intuitively, because the manipulators usually have well-developed sense organs, which, we note, allows them to feel the moment to carry out their manipulative techniques.

15. Interruption, or withdrawal of thought. The manipulator achieves its goal by constantly interrupting the thoughts of the object of manipulation, directing the topic of conversation in the direction the manipulator needs.

As a countermeasure, one can ignore the interruptions of the manipulator, or use special speech psychotechniques to ridicule him among the audience, because if a person is laughed at, all his subsequent words are no longer taken seriously.

16. Provoking imaginary, or far-fetched accusations. This kind of manipulation becomes possible as a result of informing the object of manipulation of the information that can make him angry, and hence reducing the criticality in assessing the alleged information. After that, such a person is broken for a certain period of time, during which the manipulator achieves the imposition of his will on him.

Protection is to believe in yourself and not pay attention to others.

17. Trapping or ostensibly acknowledging an opponent's advantage. In this case, the manipulator, carrying out an act of manipulation, hints at more favorable conditions in which the opponent (the object of manipulation) is supposedly located, thereby forcing the latter to make excuses in every possible way and become open to manipulations that usually follow from this by the manipulator.

Protection - awareness of oneself as a super-personality, which means a completely reasonable "elevation" above the manipulator, especially if he also considers himself "insignificance". Those. in this case, one should not make excuses that they say, no, I am not now higher in status than you, but admit, smiling, that yes, I am higher than you, you are in my dependence, and you must accept this or ... Thus, faith in yourself, belief in your own exclusivity will help you overcome any traps in the way of your mind from manipulators.

18. Deception in the palm of your hand, or imitation of bias. The manipulator intentionally puts the object of manipulation in certain predetermined conditions, when the person chosen as the object of manipulation, trying to divert suspicion from himself in excessive bias towards the manipulator, allows manipulation to be carried out on himself due to the unconscious belief in the good intentions of the manipulator. That is, it is as if he gives himself the installation not to react critically to the words of the manipulator, thereby unconsciously allowing the words of the manipulator to pass into his consciousness.

19. Deliberate delusion, or specific terminology. In this case, manipulation is carried out through the use by the manipulator of specific terms that are not clear to the object of manipulation, and the latter, because of the danger of appearing illiterate, does not have the courage to clarify what these terms mean.

The way to counteract is to ask again and clarify what is incomprehensible to you.

20. Imposition of false stupidity, or through humiliation. The manipulator seeks in every possible way to reduce the role of the object of manipulation, hinting at his stupidity and illiteracy, in order to destabilize the positive mood of the psyche of the object of manipulation, plunge his psyche into a state of chaos and temporary confusion, and thus achieve the fulfillment of his will over him through verbal manipulation and ( or) coding of the psyche.

Defense - pay no attention. It is generally recommended to pay less attention to the meaning of the words of the manipulator, and more to the details around, gestures and facial expressions, or even pretend that you are listening, and think “about your own”, especially if you are an experienced fraudster or criminal hypnotist.

21. The repetition of phrases, or the imposition of thoughts. With this type of manipulation, due to repeated phrases, the manipulator accustoms the object of manipulation to any information that is going to convey to him.

A defensive setting is not to fix attention on the words of the manipulator, listen to him “in the floor of the ear”, or use special speech techniques to transfer the conversation to another topic, or seize the initiative and introduce the settings you need into the subconscious of the interlocutor-manipulator yourself, or many other options.

22. Erroneous conjecture, or reticence involuntarily. In this case, manipulations achieve their effect due to:

1) deliberate reticence by the manipulator;
2) erroneous conjecture by the object of manipulation.

At the same time, even if a deception is detected, the object of manipulation gets the impression of his own guilt due to the fact that he misunderstood or did not hear something.

Protection - exceptional self-confidence, education of super-will, formation of "chosenness" and super-personality.

23. Imaginary inattention. In this situation, the object of manipulation falls into the trap of the manipulator, who plays on his own alleged inattention, so that later, having achieved his goal, he will refer to the fact that he allegedly did not notice (listen to) the opponent’s protest. Moreover, as a result of this, the manipulator actually puts the object of manipulation before the fact of the perfect.

Protection - to clearly clarify the meaning of "agreements reached".

24. Say "yes", or the path to consent. Manipulations of this kind are carried out due to the fact that the manipulator seeks to build a dialogue with the object of manipulation in such a way that he always agrees with his words. Thus, the manipulator skillfully leads the object of manipulation to pushing through his idea, and therefore to the implementation of manipulation over him.

Protection - knock down the focus of the conversation.

25. An unexpected quotation, or the words of an opponent as evidence. In this case, the manipulative effect is achieved due to the unexpected quotation by the manipulator of the previously spoken words of the opponent. Such a technique has a discouraging effect on the chosen object of manipulation, helping the manipulator to achieve a result. At the same time, in most cases, the words themselves can be partially invented, i.e. have a different meaning than the object of manipulation had previously said on this issue, if at all. The words of the object of manipulation may simply be made up or have only a slight resemblance.

Defense - also apply the method of false quoting, choosing in this case the supposedly said words of the manipulator.

26. The effect of observation, or the search for commonalities. As a result of preliminary observation of the object of manipulation (including in the process of dialogue), the manipulator finds or invents any similarity between himself and the object, unobtrusively draws the attention of the object to this similarity, and thereby partially weakens the protective functions of the psyche of the object of manipulation, after which pushes his idea.

Protection - to sharply highlight with words your dissimilarity to the interlocutor-manipulator.

27. Imposing a choice, or initially the right decision. In this case, the manipulator asks the question in such a way that it does not leave the object of manipulation to accept a choice other than the one voiced by the manipulator. (For example, do you want to do this or that? In this case, the key word is "do", while initially the object of manipulation may not have intended to do anything. But he was left with no choice but to choose between the first and second.)

Protection - do not pay attention, plus volitional control of any situation.

28. Unexpected Revelation, or Sudden Honesty. This type of manipulation consists in the fact that after a short conversation, the manipulator suddenly confidentially informs the object he has chosen as manipulation that he intends to tell something secret and important, which is intended only for him, because he really liked this person, and he feels that can trust him with the truth. At the same time, the object of manipulation unconsciously gains confidence in this kind of revelation, which means that we can already talk about the weakening of the protective mechanisms of the psyche, which, through the weakening of censorship (the barrier of criticality), allows lies from the manipulator into the consciousness-subconsciousness.

Protection - do not succumb to provocations, and remember that you can always rely only on yourself. Another person can always let you down (consciously, unconsciously, under duress, under the influence of hypnosis, etc.)

29. Sudden counterargument, or insidious lie. The manipulator, unexpectedly for the object of manipulation, refers to the words allegedly said earlier, in accordance with which the manipulator, as it were, simply develops the topic further, starting from them. The object of manipulation after such “revelations” has a feeling of guilt, in his psyche the barriers put forward in the way of those words of the manipulator, which he had previously perceived with a certain degree of criticality, should finally break down. This is also possible because most of those to whom the manipulation is directed are internally unstable, have increased criticality towards themselves, and therefore, such a lie on the part of the manipulator turns in their minds into one or another share of the truth, which, as a result, and helps the manipulator get his way.

Protection is the cultivation of willpower and exceptional self-confidence and respect.

30. Accusation of theory, or alleged lack of practice. The manipulator, as an unexpected counterargument, puts forward the requirement that the words of the object of manipulation chosen by him are, as it were, good only in theory, while in practice the situation will supposedly be different. Thus, unconsciously making it clear to the object of manipulation that all the words just heard by the manipulator are nothing and are good only on paper, but in a real situation everything will turn out differently, which means, in fact, one cannot rely on such words.

Protection - do not pay attention to the conjectures and assumptions of other people and believe only in the power of your mind.

Ways to influence the mass media audience through manipulation

1. Priority principle. The essence of this method is based on the specifics of the psyche, which is designed in such a way that it takes on trust the information that was first received by the consciousness. The fact that we can get better information later often doesn't matter anymore.

In this case, the effect of perceiving primary information as truth is triggered, especially since it is impossible to immediately understand its contradictory nature. And after - it is already quite difficult to change the formed opinion.

A similar principle is quite successfully used in political technologies, when some accusatory material (compromising evidence) is sent to a competitor (through the media), thereby:

a) forming a negative opinion among voters about him;
b) making excuses.
(In this case, there is an impact on the masses through widespread stereotypes that if someone is justified, then he is guilty).

2. "Eyewitnesses" of events. There are supposedly eyewitnesses of the events who, with the necessary sincerity, report the information that the manipulators gave them in advance, passing it off as their own. The name of such “eyewitnesses” is often hidden, allegedly for the purpose of conspiracy, or a false name is called, which, along with falsified information, nevertheless achieves an effect on the audience, since it affects the unconscious of the human psyche, causing a glow of feelings and emotions in it, in as a result of which the censorship of the psyche is weakened and is able to skip information from the manipulator without determining its false essence.

3. The image of the enemy. By artificially creating a threat and, as a result, the intensity of passions, the masses are immersed in states similar to ASC (altered states of consciousness). As a result, such masses are easier to manage.

4. shift of emphasis. In this case, there is a deliberate shift in emphasis in the material being presented, and something not entirely desirable for the manipulators is presented in the background, but the opposite is highlighted - what is necessary for them.

5. Use of "influencers". In this case, the manipulation of mass consciousness occurs on the basis that when performing any actions, individuals are guided by opinion leaders. Opinion leaders can be various figures who have become authoritative for a certain category of the population.

6. Reorientation of attention. In this case, it becomes possible to present almost any material without fear of its undesirable (negative) component. This becomes possible on the basis of the rule of reorientation of attention, when the information necessary for hiding, as it were, fades into the shadows of seemingly randomly highlighted events that serve to divert attention.

7. Emotional charge. This manipulation technology is based on such a property of the human psyche as emotional contagion. It is known that in the process of life a person builds certain protective barriers on the way of receiving information that is undesirable for him. To get around such a barrier (censorship of the psyche), it is necessary that the manipulative impact be directed to feelings. Thus, having “charged” the necessary information with the necessary emotions, it becomes possible to overcome the barrier of the mind and cause an explosion of passions in a person, forcing him to experience at some point the information he heard. Next, the effect of emotional charging comes into play, which is most widespread in the crowd, where, as you know, the criticality threshold is lower. (Example. A similar manipulation effect is used during a series of reality shows, when participants speak in raised tones and sometimes demonstrate significant emotional arousal, which makes you watch the ups and downs of the events they demonstrate, empathizing with the main characters. Or, for example, when speaking on television of a series especially ambitious politicians who impulsively shout out their ways out of crisis situations, due to which information affects the feelings of individuals, and the audience becomes emotionally infected, which means that such manipulators can be forced to pay attention to the material presented.)

8. ostentatious issues. Depending on the presentation of the same materials, it is possible to achieve different, sometimes opposing opinions from the audience. That is, some event can be artificially “not noticed”, but on the contrary, it can be given increased attention, and even on different television channels. In this case, the truth itself, as it were, fades into the background. And it depends on the desire (or not desire) of the manipulators to highlight it. (For example, it is known that many events take place in the country every day. Naturally, coverage of all of them is already physically impossible. However, it often happens that some events are shown quite often, many times and on various channels; while something else , which certainly also deserves attention - as if deliberately not noticed.) It is worth noting that the presentation of information through such a manipulative technique leads to artificial inflating of non-existent problems, behind which something important is not noticed that can cause people's anger.

9. Unavailability of information. This principle of manipulative technologies is called information blockade. This becomes possible when a certain part of the information, undesirable for manipulators, is deliberately not allowed on the air.

10. Strike ahead. A type of manipulation based on the early release of negative information for the main category of people. At the same time, this information causes the maximum resonance. And by the time the information arrives and an unpopular decision has to be made, the audience will already be tired of the protest, and will not react too negatively. Using a similar method in political technologies, they first sacrifice an insignificant compromising evidence, after which, when a new compromising evidence appears on the political figure they are promoting, the masses no longer react in this way. (Tired of reacting.)

11. False heat of passion. A method of manipulating the mass media audience, when a false heat of passion is used by presenting supposedly sensational material, as a result of which the human psyche does not have time to react properly, unnecessary excitement is created, and the information presented later no longer has such an impact, because criticality is reduced, put forward by the censorship of the psyche. (In other words, a false time limit is created for which the information received must be evaluated, which often leads to the fact that it almost without cuts from the consciousness enters the unconscious of the individual; after which it affects the consciousness, distorting the very meaning of the information received, and also taking up space for obtaining and appropriately evaluating more truthful information.Moreover, in most cases we are talking about the impact in the crowd, in which the principle of criticality is already difficult in itself).

12. Likelihood effect. In this case, the basis for possible manipulation consists of such a component of the psyche, when a person is inclined to believe information that does not contradict the information or ideas he previously had on the issue under consideration. In other words, if through the media we come across information with which we internally disagree, then we deliberately block such a channel for obtaining information. And if we come across information that does not contradict our understanding of such a question, we continue to absorb such information, which reinforces the previously formed patterns of behavior and attitudes in the subconscious. This means that overclocking for manipulations becomes possible, as well. manipulators will deliberately insert into the information that is plausible to us a part of the false, which, as if automatically, we perceive as real. Also, in accordance with this principle of manipulation, it is possible to initially present information that is obviously unfavorable for the manipulator (supposedly self-criticism), due to which the audience’s belief that this mass media source is fairly honest and truthful increases. Well, later, information necessary for manipulators is interspersed with the information supplied.

13. The effect of "information storm". In this case, it should be said that a flurry of useless information falls upon a person, in which the truth is lost. People who have been subjected to this form of manipulation simply get tired of the flow of information, which means that the analysis of such information becomes difficult and the manipulators have the opportunity to hide the information they need, but undesirable for demonstration to the masses.

14. Reverse effect. In the case of such a fact of manipulation, such a quantity of negative information is released against a person that this information achieves the exact opposite effect, and instead of the expected condemnation, such a person begins to arouse pity.

15. Everyday story, or evil with a human face. Information that may cause an undesirable effect is pronounced in a normal tone, as if nothing terrible is happening. As a result of this form of presentation of information, some critical information, when it penetrates into the minds of listeners, loses its relevance. Thus, the critical perception of negative information by the human psyche disappears and addiction to it occurs.

16. One-sided coverage of events. This method of manipulation is aimed at one-sided coverage of events, when only one side of the process is given the opportunity to speak, as a result of which a false semantic effect of the information received is achieved.

17. Principle of contrast. This type of manipulation becomes possible when the necessary information is presented against the background of another, initially negative, and negatively perceived by the majority of the audience. In other words, white will always be noticeable against a black background. And in the background bad people You can always show a good person by talking about his good deeds. A similar principle is common in political technologies, when a possible crisis in the camp of competitors is first analyzed in detail, and then the correct nature of the actions of the candidate needed by the manipulators, who does not and cannot have such a crisis, is demonstrated.

18. Imaginary majority approval. The use of this technique of mass manipulation is based on such a specific component of the human psyche as the permissibility of performing any actions after their initial approval by other people. As a result of such a method of manipulation in the human psyche, the barrier of criticality is erased after such information has been approved by other people. The principles of imitation and contagiousness apply here - what one does, others pick up.

19. expressive blow. When implemented, this principle should produce the effect of a psychological shock, when the desired effect is achieved by the manipulators by deliberately broadcasting the horrors of modern life, which causes the first reaction of protest (due to a sharp increase in the emotional component of the psyche), and the desire to punish the guilty at all costs. At the same time, it is not noticed that the emphasis in the presentation of material can be deliberately shifted towards competitors that are unnecessary to manipulators or against information that seems undesirable to them.

20. False analogies, or diversions against logic. This manipulation eliminates the true reason in any issue, replacing it with a false analogy. For example, there is an incorrect comparison of various and mutually exclusive consequences, which in this case are presented as one.

21. Artificial "calculation" of the situation. A lot of different information is deliberately released to the market, thereby monitoring the public's interest in this information, and information that has not received relevance is subsequently excluded.

22. Manipulative commenting. By means of the emphasis necessary for the manipulators, this or that event is covered. At the same time, any undesirable event for manipulators when using such technology can take on the opposite color. It all depends on how the manipulators will present this or that material, with what comments.

24. Admission (approximation) to power. This type of manipulation is based on such a property of the psyche of most individuals as a radical change in their views in the event that such a person is endowed with the necessary powers of authority.

25. Repetition. Such a method of manipulation is quite simple. It is only necessary to repeatedly repeat any information so that such information is deposited in the memory of the mass media audience and subsequently used. At the same time, manipulators should simplify the text as much as possible and achieve its susceptibility based on a low-intellectual audience. Oddly enough, practically only in this case one can be sure that the necessary information will not only be conveyed to the mass viewer, reader or listener, but will also be correctly perceived by them. And this effect can be achieved by repeated repetition of simple phrases. In this case, the information is first firmly fixed in the subconscious of the listeners, and then it will influence their consciousness, and hence the commission of actions, the semantic connotation of which is secretly embedded in the information for the mass media audience.

26. The truth is half. This method of manipulation lies in the fact that only part of the reliable information is presented to the public, while the other part, explaining the possibility of the existence of the first part, is hidden by the manipulators.

Speech psychotechnics

In the event of such influence, it is forbidden to use methods of direct informational influence, said in an order, replacing the latter with a request or offer, and at the same time using the following verbal tricks:

1. Truisms. In this case, the manipulator says what is really there, but in fact, a deceptive strategy is hidden in his words. For example, a manipulator wants to sell goods in a beautiful package in a deserted place. He doesn't say "buy"! And he says: “Well, it’s cold! Great, very cheap sweaters! Everyone buys, you won’t find such cheap sweaters anywhere!” and fiddling with bags of sweaters.

Such an unobtrusive purchase offer is more directed to the subconscious, works better, as it corresponds to the truth and passes the critical barrier of consciousness. Really “cold” (this is already one unconscious “yes”), really the package and pattern of the sweater are beautiful (second “yes”), and really very cheap (third “yes”). Therefore, without any words "Buy!" the object of manipulation is born, as it seems to him, an independent decision, made by himself, to buy an excellent thing on the cheap and on the occasion, often without even unwrapping the package, but only asking for the size.

2. The illusion of choice. In this case, as if in the usual phrase of the manipulator about the presence of any product or phenomenon, some kind of hidden statement is interspersed, which flawlessly affects the subconscious, forcing the manipulator to fulfill the will. For example, they do not ask you whether you will buy or not, but they say: “How pretty you are! And it suits you, and this thing looks great! Which one will you take, this one or that one? ”, And the manipulator looks at you with sympathy, as if the question that you are buying this thing has already been decided. After all, the last phrase of the manipulator contains a trap for consciousness, imitating your right to choose. But in fact, you are being deceived, as the choice "buy or not buy" is replaced by the choice "buy this or buy that."

3. Commands Hidden in Questions. In such a case, the manipulator hides its installation command under the guise of a request. For example, you need to close the door. You can say to someone: “Go and close the door!”, But it will be worse than if your order is issued as a request in the question: “I beg you, could you close the door?” The second option works better, and the person does not feel cheated.

4. moral impasse. This case is a delusion of consciousness; the manipulator, asking for an opinion about a product, after receiving an answer, asks the next question, which contains the installation to perform the action necessary for the manipulator. For example, a manipulative seller persuades not to buy, but to “just try” his product. In this case, we have a trap for consciousness, since nothing dangerous or bad seems to be offered to him, and it seems that complete freedom of any decision is preserved, but in fact it is enough to try, as the seller immediately asks another tricky question: “Well, how did you like it? Did you like it?”, and although it seems to be about the sensations of taste, but in fact the question is: “Will you buy it or not?” And since the thing is objectively tasty, you can’t say to the seller’s question that you didn’t like it, and answer that you “liked it”, thereby, as it were, giving involuntary consent to the purchase. Moreover, as soon as you answer the seller that you liked it, as he, without waiting for your other words, is already weighing the goods and it’s as if it’s already inconvenient for you to refuse to buy, especially since the seller selects and imposes the best that he has (from , which is visible). Conclusion - you need to think a hundred times before accepting a seemingly harmless offer.

5. Speech technique: "what ... - so ...". The essence of this speech psychotechnics lies in the fact that the manipulator connects what is happening with what he needs. For example, a seller of hats, seeing that the buyer is twirling a hat in his hands for a long time, considering whether to buy or not to buy, says that the client is lucky, because he found exactly the hat that suits him best. Like, the more I look at you, the more I am convinced that this is so.

6. Coding. After the manipulation has worked, the manipulators code their victim for amnesia (forgetting) of everything that happens. For example, if a gypsy (as an extra-class specialist in waking hypnosis, street manipulation) took a ring or chain from the victim, then she will definitely utter the phrase before parting: “You don’t know me and have never seen me! These things - the ring and the chain - are alien! You've never seen them!" In this case, if the hypnosis was shallow, the charm (“charm” - as an obligatory part of suggestion in reality) passes after a few minutes. With deep hypnosis, coding can last for years.

7. Stirlitz method. Since a person in any conversation remembers the beginning and end better, it is necessary not only to enter the conversation correctly, but also the right words, which the object of manipulation must remember to put at the end of the conversation.

8. Speech trick "three stories". In the case of such a technique, the following method of programming the human psyche is carried out. You are told three stories. But in an unusual way. First, they start telling you story #1. In the middle, they interrupt it and start telling story #2. In the middle, they interrupt it and start telling story #3, which is told in full. Then the manipulator finishes story No. 2, and then completes story No. 1. As a result of this method of programming the psyche, stories No. 1 and No. 2 are recognized and remembered. And story No. 3 is quickly forgotten and unconscious, which means that, having been forced out of consciousness, it is placed in the subconscious. But the bottom line is that just in story No. 3, the manipulators laid instructions and commands for the subconscious of the object of manipulation, which means you can be sure that some time later this person (object) will begin to fulfill the psychological settings introduced into his subconscious, and at the same time there will be consider that they come from him. The introduction of information into the subconscious is a reliable way of programming a person to perform the settings necessary for manipulators.

9. Allegory. As a result of such an impact of mind processing, the information the manipulator needs is hidden among the story, which the manipulator sets out allegorically and metaphorically. The bottom line is that just the hidden meaning is the thought that the manipulator decided to put into your mind. Moreover, the brighter and more picturesque the story is told, the easier it is for such information to go around the barrier of criticality and introduce information into the subconscious. Later, such information “starts to work” often just at the moment, the onset of which was either originally planned, or a code was laid, activating which the manipulator each time achieves the desired effect.

10. The “as soon as…then…” method. A very curious method. This speech trick consists in the fact that a fortune-telling, for example, gypsy woman, anticipating some certain upcoming action of the client, says, for example: “As soon as you see your life line, you will immediately understand me!” Here, by the subconscious logic of the client's look at her palm (at the "life line"), the gypsy logically attaches an increase in trust to herself and everything she does. At the same time, the gypsy deftly inserts a trap for consciousness with the end of the phrase “understand me right away,” the intonation of which denotes another real meaning hidden from consciousness - “immediately agree with everything that I do.”

11. Diffusion. The method is quite interesting and effective. It consists in the fact that the manipulator, telling you a story, highlights his attitudes in some way that breaks the monotony of speech, including the so-called "anchors" (the "anchoring" technique refers to the methods of neurolinguistic programming). It is possible to distinguish speech by intonation, volume, touch, gestures, etc. Thus, such attitudes seem to be scattered among other words that make up the information flow of this story. And later, the subconscious of the object of manipulation will only respond to these words, intonations, gestures, and so on. In addition, hidden commands dissipated throughout the conversation are very effective, and work much better than otherwise expressed. To do this, you need to be able to speak with expression, and underline - when necessary - the right words, skillfully highlight pauses, and so on.

There are the following methods of manipulative influences on the subconscious (techniques of "anchoring") in order to program the behavior of a person (an object of manipulation):

Kinesthetic methods (the most effective): touching the hand, touching the head, any stroking, patting on the shoulder, shaking hands, touching the fingers, placing brushes on the client’s hands from above, taking the client’s brush in both hands, etc.

Emotional ways: raising emotions at the right time, lowering emotions, emotional exclamations or gestures.

Speech methods: change the volume of speech (louder, quieter); change in the pace of speech (faster, slower, pauses); change in intonation (increase-decrease); accompanying sounds (tapping, snapping fingers); change the localization of the sound source (right, left, top, bottom, front, back); change in the timbre of the voice (imperative, command, hard, soft, insinuating, drawling).

Visual methods: facial expressions, eye widening, hand gestures, finger movements, body position change (tilts, turns), head position changes (turns, tilts, lifts), a characteristic sequence of gestures (pantomime), rubbing your own chin.

written methods. Hidden information can be inserted into any written text using the scattering technique, while the necessary words are highlighted: font size, different font, different color, paragraph indentation, new line, etc.

12. The "old reaction" method. According to this method, it must be remembered that if in some situation a person reacts strongly to any stimulus, then after some time you can again expose this person to the action of such a stimulus, and the old reaction will automatically work for him, although the conditions and situation may differ significantly. from the one in which the reaction manifested itself for the first time. A classic example of an “old reaction” is when a child walking in the park is suddenly attacked by a dog. The child was very frightened and subsequently, in any, even the safest and most harmless, situation, when he sees a dog, he automatically, i.e. unconsciously, an "old reaction" arises: fear.

Such reactions are pain, temperature, kinesthetic (touch), taste, auditory, olfactory, etc., therefore, according to the mechanism of the “old reaction”, a number of basic conditions must be met:

a) The reflective reaction should, if possible, be reinforced several times.

b) The applied irritant should, in its characteristics, match as much as possible the stimulus applied for the first time.

c) The best and more reliable is a complex stimulus that uses the reaction of several sense organs simultaneously.

If you need to establish dependence on you of another person (an object of manipulation), you must:

1) evoke a reaction of joy in the process of questioning the object;

2) fix a similar reaction by any of the signal methods (the so-called "anchors" in NLP);

3) if it is necessary to encode the psyche of the object, "activate" the "anchor" at the necessary moment. In this case, in response to your information, which, in your opinion, should be deposited in the memory of the object, the person chosen for the role of the object will have a positive associative series, which means that the barrier of criticality of the psyche will be broken, and such a person (object) will be “programmed” to the implementation of your plan after the encoding you entered. At the same time, it is recommended that you first check yourself several times before fixing the “anchor”, so that by facial expressions, gestures, changed intonation, etc. remember the reflex reaction of the object to positive words for his psyche (for example, pleasant memories of the object), and pick up a reliable key (tilt of the head, voice, touch, etc.)

Interlocutor tricks tactics

In the process of business communication, many things happen that do not fit into the norms of ethics. There are a number of tactics and tricks used in negotiations. Some of these tricks are known to all.

The essence of subterfuge tactics is determined by its purpose. This is a unilateral offer by which one party is willing and able to gain an advantage in negotiations; the other is supposed to know about it or is expected to be patient.

The party that realizes that they have been subjected to subterfuge tactics usually reacts in two ways. The first characteristic reaction is to come to terms with this situation. After all, it is not pleasant to start with a conflict. Somewhere in your heart you will vow to never deal with such opponents again. But for now, you're hoping for the best, believing that by giving in a little to the other side, you'll appease her and she won't demand more. Sometimes it happens, but not always.

The second most common reaction is to respond in kind. In other words, if they try to deceive you, you do the same, and put forward your own counter-threats to threats. The contest of wills begins. Both sides enter into an irreconcilable positional dispute. It usually ends with the termination of negotiations if one of the parties surrenders.

The most characteristic speculative methods and tactics of psychological tricks are presented below.

1.Use of obscure words and terms. This trick can cause, on the one hand, the impression of the importance of the problem under discussion, the weight of the arguments, a high level of professionalism and competence. On the other hand, the use of incomprehensible, “scientific” terms by the initiator of the trick can cause the opposite reaction on the part of the opponent in the form of irritation, alienation or withdrawal into psychological protection. However, the trick succeeds when the interlocutor is either embarrassed to ask again about something, or pretends to understand what is being said and accept the arguments given.

2.Trap questions. The trick is reduced to a set of prerequisites aimed at a one-sided consideration of the problem and “closing the horizon” for choosing various options for solving it. Many of them are emotionally oriented and designed to be suggestive. These questions fall into three groups:

Alternative. This group includes such questions, with the help of which the opponent narrows your choice as much as possible, leaving only one option, according to the “either-or” principle. These artfully worded questions have an impressive impact and are a relatively good substitute for all statements and assertions.
Extortion. These are questions like: “Do you, of course, admit these facts?” or “You certainly don’t deny the statistics?” etc. With such questions, the opponent is trying to get, as it were, a double advantage. On the one hand, he seeks to convince you to agree with him, and on the other hand, he leaves you only one option - to passively defend yourself. In this situation, do not hesitate to say: “Excuse me, Ivan Vasilievich, but the course of our business conversation gives me the right to put the question this way: “Are we going to reach a reasonable agreement on the problem under discussion quickly and with minimal effort, or will we engage in a “hard bargaining”, in which will the more stubborn of us win, but not common sense?
Counter questions. This type of question is most often used in a situation where the opponent cannot oppose anything to your arguments or does not want to answer a specific question. He is looking for any loophole to reduce the weight of your evidence and get away with the answer.

3.Stunned by the speed of the discussion, when a fast pace of speech is used in communication and the opponent who perceives the arguments is not able to “process” them. In this case, the rapidly changing stream of thoughts simply confuses the interlocutor and introduces him into a state of discomfort.

4.Mind reading for suspicion. The meaning of the trick is to use the "mind reading" option to divert all kinds of suspicions from yourself. As an example, one can cite a judgment like: “Maybe you think that I am persuading you? So you're wrong!"

5.Reference to "higher interests" without deciphering them. It is very easy, without pressure, just to hint that if the opponent, for example, continues to be intractable in the dispute, then this may affect the interests of those whom it is extremely undesirable to upset.

6.Repetition- this is the name of the following psychological trick, the idea of \u200b\u200bwhich is to accustom the opponent to any thought. “Carthage must be destroyed,” was how the speech of Consul Cato ended every time in the Roman Senate. The trick is to gradually and purposefully accustom the interlocutor to some unsubstantiated statement. Then, after repeated repetition, this statement is declared obvious.

7.false shame. This trick consists in using a false argument against the opponent, which he is able to "swallow" without much objection. The trick can be successfully applied in various kinds of judgments, discussions and disputes. Addresses such as "You certainly know that science has now established ..." or "Of course you know that a decision has recently been made ..." or "You have certainly read about ..." put the opponent in a state of false shame, it is as if embarrassing for him to say publicly about ignorance of those things that are being talked about. In these cases, most people against whom this ploy is used nod or pretend to remember what is being said, thereby acknowledging all these, sometimes false, arguments.

8.Humiliation by irony. This technique is effective when the dispute is unprofitable for some reason. You can disrupt the discussion of the problem, get away from the discussion by belittling the opponent with irony like "Sorry, but you are saying things that are beyond my understanding." Usually in such cases, the one against whom this trick is directed begins to feel a sense of dissatisfaction with what was said and, trying to soften his position, makes mistakes, but of a different nature.

9.Demonstration of resentment. This ploy also aims to derail the argument, since a statement like "Who do you really take us for?" clearly demonstrates to the partner that the opposite side cannot continue the discussion, as they experience a feeling of obvious dissatisfaction, and most importantly, resentment for some ill-conceived actions on the part of the opponent.

10.Authority of the statement. With the help of this trick, the psychological significance of the cited own arguments is significantly increased. This can be effectively done through a statement such as "I tell you authoritatively." Such a turn of speech by a partner is usually perceived as a clear signal of strengthening the significance of the arguments being expressed, and, therefore, as a determination to firmly defend one's position in the dispute.

11.Frankness of the statement. In this trick, the emphasis is on the special trust of communication, which is demonstrated with the help of such phrases as, for example, "I will tell you right now (frankly, honestly) ...". This gives the impression that everything that was said before was not fully direct, frank or honest.

12.Seeming inattention. The name of this trick, in fact, already speaks of its essence, “forgetting”, and sometimes they specifically do not notice the inconvenient and dangerous arguments of the opponent. Not to notice what can harm - this is the intention of the trick.

13.Flattering turns of speech. The peculiarity of this trick is to “sprinkle the opponent with sugar of flattery”, to hint to him how much he can win or, on the contrary, lose if he persists in his disagreement. An example of a flattering turn of speech is the statement "As a smart person, you cannot help but see that ...".

14.Reliance on a past statement. The key to this ploy is to draw the attention of the opponent to his past statement, which contradicts his reasoning in this dispute, and demand an explanation on this matter. Such clarifications can (if it is beneficial) lead the discussion to a dead end or provide information about the nature of the opponent's changed views, which is also important for the initiator of the trick.

15.Reducing an argument to a private opinion. The purpose of this trick is to accuse the opponent of the fact that the arguments he gives in defense of his thesis or to refute your statement are nothing more than just a personal opinion, which, like the opinion of any other person, can be erroneous. Addressing the interlocutor with the words “What you are saying now is just your personal opinion” will involuntarily tune him to the tone of objections, give rise to the desire to challenge the opinion expressed about the arguments he has given. If the interlocutor succumbs to this trick, the subject of the controversy, contrary to his desire and for the sake of the intention of the initiator of the trick, shifts towards a discussion of a completely different problem, where the opponent will prove that the arguments he has expressed are not only his personal opinion. Practice confirms that if this happened, then the trick was a success.

16. Silence. The desire to deliberately withhold information from the interlocutor is the most commonly used ploy in any form of discussion. In competition with a business partner, it is much easier to simply hide information from him than to dispute it in a controversy. The ability to competently hide something from your opponent is the most important component of the art of diplomacy. In this regard, we note that the professionalism of a polemist consists precisely in skillfully moving away from the truth without resorting to lies.

17. Growing demands. It is based on an increase in the opponent's demands with each subsequent concession. This tactic has two obvious advantages. The first of these boils down to the fact that the initial need to give in on the whole problem of negotiations is removed. The second contributes to the emergence of a psychological effect that makes you quickly agree with the next demand of the other side, until it put forward new, more significant claims.

18. The charge of theorizing. This trick is consistent with the well-known saying: "It was smooth on paper, but forgot about the ravines." The use of this trick in a dispute, that is, saying that everything the partner says is good only in theory, but unacceptable in practice, will force him to impromptu arguments to prove the opposite, which ultimately can inflame the atmosphere of discussion and reduce the discussion to mutual attacks. and accusations.

19. "Escape" from unwanted discussion. You can get away from unwanted discussion by resorting to lush speech with vivid epithets and eloquent interjections. For example, you ask the interlocutor why payments under the contract are delayed? And he answers as voluminously and convincingly as Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev: “Yes, we agree, there were some delays in payments. We carefully studied the causes, as well as ways to eliminate them. These reasons were varied. There were both objective and subjective factors. Currently, this issue is given special attention. We are working hard in this direction. All this is done in the interests of our common cause. This opens up great prospects for further successful cooperation, which leads us to a brighter future.”

Another very nice way to get away from unwanted discussions is joke. For example, the president of a bank asks the head of an audit firm why a report on the audit of financial activities has not yet been submitted. Instead of long excuses, the auditor can laugh it off: “Have you noticed that every time we prepare a report for you faster and faster?”. Such an answer will hopefully make the banker smile or let go of some caustic witticism.

Lack of a sense of humor is a diagnosis that anyone, even a very powerful person, is afraid of. Responding to a joke is a natural reaction. Agree, it’s better to laugh it off than to start a long presentation of all the reasons that prevented you from conducting an audit on time and submitting this same report. Humiliating excuses can end for you in the saddest way.

20. Known tactics include "waiting", or, in the jargon of diplomats, "salami". This is a very slow, gradual opening of one's positions - it is like cutting thin slices of sausage. This technique helps to find out as much information as possible and only then formulate your own proposals.
So, we have analyzed twenty trick tactics that are often found in business communication. Concluding our review, we will make some recommendations. Responding to gimmick tactics effectively means:

reveal the very fact of using this tactic;
directly bring this issue up for discussion;
to question the legality of its application, that is, to talk openly about this very issue.

Manipulation through television

Mind manipulation

Personality manipulation

Manipulative techniques used during discussions and discussions

1. Dosing of the initial infobase. Materials necessary for discussion are not provided to the participants on time, or are given selectively. Some participants in the discussions, “as if by accident”, are given an incomplete set of materials, and along the way it turns out that someone, unfortunately, was not aware of all the information available. Working documents, letters, appeals, notes and everything else that can affect the process and results of the discussion in an unfavorable direction are “lost”. Thus, incomplete informing of some participants is carried out, which makes it difficult for them to discuss, and for others creates additional opportunities for using psychological manipulations.

2. "Overinformation". Reverse option. It consists in the fact that too many projects, proposals, decisions, etc. are being prepared, the comparison of which in the process of discussion turns out to be impossible. Especially when a large amount of materials is offered for discussion in a short time, and therefore their qualitative analysis is difficult.

3. Formation of opinions through targeted selection of speakers. The word is given first to those whose opinion is known and suits the organizer of the manipulative influence. In this way, the formation of the desired attitude among the participants in the discussion is carried out, because changing the primary attitude requires more effort than its formation. To carry out the formation of the settings necessary for the manipulators, the discussion can also end or be interrupted after the speech of a person whose position corresponds to the views of the manipulators.

4. Double standard in the norms for evaluating the behavior of participants in discussions. Some speakers are severely restricted in observing the rules and regulations of relationships during the discussion, while others are allowed to deviate from them and violate the established rules. The same thing happens with regard to the nature of the allowed statements: some people do not notice harsh statements about opponents, others make comments, etc. It is possible that the regulations are not specifically established, so that you can choose a more convenient course of action along the way. At the same time, either the positions of opponents are smoothed and they are “pulled up” to the desired point of view, or, conversely, the differences in their positions are strengthened up to incompatible and mutually exclusive points of view, as well as bringing the discussion to the point of absurdity.

5. "Maneuvering" the agenda of the discussion. In order to make it easier to pass the “necessary” question, first “steam is released” (initiate a surge of emotions of the audience) on insignificant and unimportant issues, and then, when everyone is tired or under the impression of the previous skirmish, a question is raised that they want to discuss without increased criticism.

5. Managing the Discussion Process. In public discussions, the floor is alternately given to the most aggressive representatives of opposition groups that allow mutual insults, which are either not stopped at all, or are stopped only for appearances. As a result of such a manipulative move, the atmosphere of discussion heats up to a critical one. Thus, the discussion of the current topic can be terminated. Another way is to unexpectedly interrupt an unwanted speaker, or deliberately move on to another topic. This technique is often used during commercial negotiations, when, at a prearranged signal from the head, the secretary brings coffee, an “important” call is organized, etc.

6. Restrictions on the discussion procedure. When using this technique, proposals regarding the procedure for discussion are ignored; bypass undesirable facts, questions, arguments; the floor is not given to participants who, by their statements, may lead to undesirable changes in the course of the discussion. Decisions made are fixed rigidly, it is not allowed to return to them even when new data is received that is important for making final decisions.

7. Referencing. Brief reformulation of questions, proposals, arguments, during which the emphasis shifts in the desired direction. At the same time, an arbitrary summary can be carried out, in which, in the process of summing up, there is a change in the emphasis in the conclusions, the presentation of the positions of opponents, their views, and the results of the discussion in the desired direction. In addition, in interpersonal communication, you can increase your status with the help of a certain arrangement of furniture and resorting to a number of tricks. For example, to place a visitor on a lower armchair, to have many diplomas of the owner on the walls in the office, in the course of discussions and negotiations, defiantly use the attributes of power and authority.

8. Psychological tricks. This group includes techniques based on annoying the opponent, using a sense of shame, inattention, humiliation of personal qualities, flattery, playing on pride and other individual psychological characteristics of a person.

9. Irritating the opponent. Unbalance by ridicule, unfair accusations and other means until he "boils". At the same time, it is important that the opponent not only become irritated, but also make an erroneous or unfavorable statement for his position in the discussion. This technique is actively used in an explicit form as a belittling of an opponent or in a more veiled one, combined with irony, indirect allusions, implicit but recognizable subtext. Acting in this way, the manipulator can emphasize, for example, such negative personality traits of the object of manipulative influence as ignorance, ignorance in a certain area, etc.

10. self-praise. This trick is an indirect method of belittling the opponent. Only it is not directly stated “who you are”, but according to “who I am” and “with whom you are arguing”, the corresponding conclusion follows. Such expressions can be used as: “... I am the head of a large enterprise, region, industry, institution, etc.”, “... I had to solve large tasks ...”, “... before applying for this... it is necessary to be a leader at least...”, “...before discussing and criticizing... it is necessary to gain experience in solving problems at least on a scale...”, etc.

11. Use of words, theories and terms unfamiliar to the opponent. The trick succeeds if the opponent hesitates to ask again and pretends that he has accepted these arguments, understood the meaning of terms that are unclear to him. Behind such words or phrases is the desire to discredit the personal qualities of the object of manipulation. The use of slang unfamiliar to most occurs in situations where the subject does not have the opportunity to object or clarify what was meant, and can also be exacerbated by the use of a fast pace of speech and a lot of thoughts that change one another in the course of discussion. Moreover, it is important to note that the use of scientific terms is considered manipulation only in cases where such a statement is made deliberately for the psychological impact on the object of manipulation.

12. Oiling up arguments. In this case, the manipulators play on flattery, vanity, arrogance, elevated self-conceit of the object of manipulation. For example, he is bribed with the words that he "... as a person as insightful and erudite, intellectually developed and competent, sees the internal logic of the development of this phenomenon ..." Thus, an ambitious person is faced with a dilemma - either to accept this point of view, or to reject a flattering public assessment and enter into a dispute, the outcome of which is not predictable enough.

13. Disruption or avoidance of discussion. Such a manipulative action is carried out with the demonstrative use of resentment. For example, “... it is impossible to constructively discuss serious issues with you ...” or “... your behavior makes it impossible to continue our meeting ...”, or “I am ready to continue this discussion, but only after you put your nerves..." etc. The disruption of the discussion using the provocation of the conflict is carried out by using a variety of techniques to drive the opponent out of himself, when the discussion turns into an ordinary squabble that is completely unrelated to the original topic. In addition, tricks such as interrupting, interrupting, raising the voice, demonstrative acts of behavior that show unwillingness to listen and disrespect for the opponent can be used. After their application, statements are made like: “... it is impossible to talk with you, because you do not give a single intelligible answer to a single question”; “... it is impossible to talk with you, because you do not give the opportunity to express a point of view that does not coincide with yours ...”, etc.

14. Reception "stick arguments". It is used in two main varieties, differing in purpose. If the goal is to interrupt the discussion by psychologically suppressing the opponent, there is a reference to the so-called. higher interests without deciphering these higher interests and without arguing the reasons why they are appealed to. In this case, statements like: “Do you understand what you are encroaching on?!...”, etc. are used. If it is necessary to force the object of manipulation to at least outwardly agree with the proposed point of view, such arguments are used that the object can accept out of fear of something unpleasant, dangerous, or to which he cannot respond in accordance with his views for the same reasons. Such arguments may include such judgments as: "... this is a denial of the constitutionally fixed institution of the presidency, the system of supreme legislative bodies, undermining the constitutional foundations of society ...". It can be simultaneously combined with an indirect form of labeling, for example, “... it is precisely such statements that contribute to provoking social conflicts...", or "... such arguments were used in their lexicon by the Nazi leaders...", or "... You deliberately use facts that contribute to incitement of nationalism, anti-Semitism...", etc.

15. "Reading in the Heart". It is used in two main versions (the so-called positive and negative forms). The essence of using this technique is that the audience’s attention moves from the content of the opponent’s arguments to the reasons and hidden motives that he allegedly has, why he speaks and defends a certain point of view, and does not agree with the arguments of the opposite side. Can be enhanced by the simultaneous use of "stick arguments" and "labeling". For example: “... You say this defending corporate interests...”, or “... the reason for your aggressive criticism and uncompromising position is obvious - this is the desire to discredit progressive forces, constructive opposition, to disrupt the process of democratization ... but the people do not will allow such pseudo-defenders of the law to interfere with the satisfaction of his legitimate interests ... ”, etc. Sometimes "reading in the hearts" takes the form when a motive is found that does not allow speaking in favor of the opposite side. This technique can be combined not only with “stick arguments”, but also with “oiling the argument”. For example: “... your decency, excessive modesty and false shame do not allow you to recognize this obvious fact and thereby support this progressive undertaking, on which the solution of the issue depends, which our voters expect with impatience and hope...”, etc. .

16. Logical-psychological tricks. Their name is due to the fact that, on the one hand, they can be built on the violation of the laws of logic, and on the other hand, on the contrary, they can use formal logic to manipulate an object. Even in ancient times, a sophism was known that required a yes or no answer to the question “Have you stopped beating your father?” Any answer is difficult, because if the answer is “yes”, then it means he beat him before, and if the answer is “no”, then the object beats his father. There are many variants of such sophism: “... Do you all write denunciations? ..”, “... Have you already stopped drinking? ..”, etc. Public accusations are especially effective, and the main thing is to get a short answer and not give the person the opportunity to explain himself. The most common logical and psychological tricks include the conscious uncertainty of the thesis put forward, or the answer to the question posed, when the thought is formulated vaguely, indefinitely, which allows it to be interpreted in different ways. In politics, this technique allows you to get out of difficult situations.

17. Failure to comply with the law of sufficient cause. Compliance with the formally logical law of sufficient reason in discussions and discussions is very subjective in view of the fact that the conclusion about the sufficient reason for the defended thesis is made by the participants in the discussion. According to this law, arguments that are true and related to the thesis may be insufficient if they are of a private nature and do not give grounds for final conclusions. In addition to formal logic in the practice of information exchange, there is a so-called. "psycho-logic" (argumentation theory), the essence of which is that argumentation does not exist by itself, it is put forward by certain people in certain conditions and perceived by certain people who also have (or do not have) certain knowledge, social status, personal qualities, etc. Therefore, a special case, elevated to the rank of regularity, often passes if the manipulator manages to influence the object of influence with the help of side effects.

18. Changing accents in statements. In these cases, what the opponent said about the particular case is refuted as general pattern. The reverse trick is that one or two facts are opposed to general reasoning, which in fact may be exceptions or atypical examples. Often during the discussion, conclusions about the problem under discussion are made on the basis of what “lies on the surface”, for example, side effects of the development of a phenomenon.

19. Incomplete rebuttal. In this case, a combination of a logical violation with a psychological factor is used in those cases when the most vulnerable of the positions and arguments put forward by the opponent in his defense is chosen, he is broken in a sharp form and pretend that the rest of the arguments do not even deserve attention. The trick passes if the opponent does not return to the topic.

20. Demanding a clear answer. With the help of phrases like: "do not evade ..", "say clearly, in front of everyone ...", "say it straight ...", etc. the object of manipulation is offered to give an unambiguous answer "yes" or "no" to a question requiring a detailed answer or when the unambiguity of the answer can lead to a misunderstanding of the essence of the problem. In an audience with a low educational level, such a trick can be perceived as a manifestation of integrity, decisiveness and directness.

21. Artificial displacement of the dispute. In this case, having started discussing any position, the manipulator tries not to give arguments from which this provision follows, but suggests immediately proceeding to refute it. Thus, the opportunity for criticism of one's own position is limited, and the dispute itself is shifted to the argumentation of the opposite side. In the event that the opponent succumbed to this and begins to criticize the put forward position, citing various arguments, they try to argue around these arguments, looking for flaws in them, but without presenting their own system of evidence for discussion.

22. "Many Questions". In the case of this manipulative technique, the object is asked several different questions at once on one topic. In the future, they act depending on his answer: either they are accused of not understanding the essence of the problem, or that he did not answer the question completely, or of trying to mislead.

Manipulative influences depending on the type of behavior and emotions of a person

1. First type. Most of the time a person spends between the normal state of consciousness and the state of normal night sleep.

This type is governed by his upbringing, character, habits, as well as a sense of pleasure, a desire for security and peace, i.e. everything that is formed by verbal and emotional-figurative memory. In most men of the first type, the abstract mind, words and logic prevail, and in the majority of women of the first type, common sense, feelings and fantasies. Manipulative influence should be directed to the needs of such people.

2. Second type. Dominance of trance states. These are super-suggestible and super-hypnotizable people whose behavior and reactions are controlled by the psychophysiology of the right hemisphere of the brain: imagination, illusions, dreams, dreamy desires, feelings and sensations, belief in the unusual, belief in someone's authority, stereotypes, selfish or disinterested interests (conscious or unconscious ), scenarios of events, facts and circumstances occurring with them. In the case of manipulative influence, it is recommended to influence the feelings and imagination of such people.

3. Third type. Dominance of the left hemisphere of the brain. Such people are governed by verbal information, as well as principles, beliefs and attitudes developed during the conscious analysis of reality. The external reactions of people of the third type are determined by their education and upbringing, as well as by a critical and logical analysis of any information coming from the outside world. In order to effectively influence them, it is necessary to reduce their analysis of the information presented to them by their left, critical, hemisphere of the brain. To do this, it is recommended to present information against the background of trust in you, and information must be presented strictly and balanced, using strictly logical conclusions, backing up the facts with exclusively authoritative sources, appealing not to feelings and pleasures (instincts), but to reason, conscience, duty, morality, justice, etc.

4. Fourth type. Primitive people with a predominance of right-brain instinctive-animal states. In their main part, they are ill-mannered and uneducated people with an undeveloped left brain, often growing up with a delay mental development in socially dysfunctional families(alcoholics, prostitutes, drug addicts, etc.). The reactions and behavior of such people are controlled by animal instincts and needs: sexual instinct, the desire to eat well, sleep, drink, experience more pleasant pleasures. With a manipulative impact on such people, it is necessary to influence the psychophysiology of the right brain: on the experiences and feelings they have previously experienced, hereditary character traits, behavior stereotypes, on the currently prevailing feelings, mood, fantasies and instincts. It must be borne in mind that this category of people thinks mostly primitively: if you satisfy their instincts and feelings, they react positively, if you do not satisfy, negatively.

5. Fifth type. People with an "expanded state of consciousness". These are those who have managed to develop a highly spiritual person. In Japan, such people are called "enlightened", in India - "Mahatmas", in China - "perfectly wise Tao people", in Russia - "holy prophets and miracle workers". The Arabs call such people "holy Sufis." Manipulators cannot influence such people, as "they are inferior to them in professional knowledge of man and nature."

6. sixth type. People with a predominance of pathological conditions in their psychophysiology. Mostly mentally ill people. Their behavior and reactions are unpredictable, as they are abnormal. These people may perform some action as a result of a painful motive or being held captive by some kind of hallucination. Many of these people fall victim to totalitarian sects. Manipulations against such people must be carried out quickly and harshly, to cause them fear, a feeling of unbearable pain, isolation and, if necessary, complete immobility and a special injection that deprives them of consciousness and activity.

7. seventh type. People whose reactions and behavior are dominated by a strong emotion, one or more of the main basic emotions, for example, fear, pleasure, anger, etc. Fear is one of the most powerful hypnogenic (hypnotic) emotions that always arises in every person when threatened his physical, social or other well-being. Experiencing fear, a person immediately falls into a narrowed, altered state of consciousness. The left brain is inhibited with its ability to rational, critical-analytical, verbal-logical perception of what is happening, and the right brain is activated with its emotions, imagination and instincts.

Ways to manipulate people (what is manipulation- the topic of the previous article) a huge amount. In order to master some of them, long practice is necessary, some of them are freely used by most people, sometimes without even suspecting it. It is enough just to know about some methods of manipulation in order to be able to defend against them, while others must be mastered in order to be able to counteract them.

Knowing the mechanisms of manipulating the human psyche is necessary, this allows you to protect yourself from intrusion into your psyche and skillfully counteract various techniques and methods of manipulation. It is also necessary to study and know the techniques of manipulation in order to learn how to skillfully understand them and use them for your own good. Without this knowledge, it is difficult to achieve great success in life.

When applying this or that method of manipulation, one should take into account the fact that a person's life is multifaceted: in terms of education, life experience, and many other factors. Therefore, in some cases, for a more effective impact, an important point in using various methods of manipulation is preparation for their use.

First of all, it is necessary to determine the specific technique that is applicable in this case, and for this you should choose the target of exposure. These targets can be:

Interests of a person, his needs and inclinations;
Beliefs (political, religious, moral), worldview;
Habits, behavior style, ways of thinking, habits, character traits, professional skills;
Mental and emotional state (both in general and at the moment).

That is, in order that one or another way of manipulation had an effect, it would be good to know the addressee of this impact as best as possible, to collect more information about him.

Also, at the preparatory stage, an experienced manipulator thinks over the places and conditions of his influence. It is important for him to increase the likelihood of the manipulated reactions, sensations and emotions he needs. Therefore, creating conditions for increasing suggestibility, he chooses solitary, isolated places (although this is not always the case, sometimes the situation requires the opposite) and only then, without interference, applies the prepared manipulation technique.

The success of any of the methods of manipulation depends on the established contact between people. The ability to get in touch and keep it in the literature on business communication great importance is attached, this is not a way of manipulating, establishing contact, it is basis of communicative communication. A skillful manipulator, acting subtly, knows this, he makes contact and develops it in every possible way (forms trust) in order to use it further. For him, this is a preparatory stage, during which he adapts in every possible way to the interlocutor, using the attachment technique. The essence of this technique is to find common interests and views, create an atmosphere of frankness, create a favorable impression of yourself. The manipulator sometimes even begins to copy the gestures of the communication partner, facial expressions, takes similar poses, does everything to win over.

When all the preparatory stages have been completed, the necessary information has been collected, the weaknesses have been clarified, the conditions have been thought out, you can begin to apply techniques and methods of manipulation. Although for the use of some techniques, preliminary preparation is not required at all.

Ways to manipulate people

Each method of manipulation below is accompanied by a brief instruction on countering it, protecting against it.

Before proceeding to the consideration of manipulation techniques, I also immediately want to note that manipulation methods are not always used separately, often combinations of techniques and methods are used for the effectiveness of the impact.

FALSE INQUIRY

This method of manipulation is used to change the general meaning of what was said, changing its meanings to suit oneself. The manipulator, as if for the purpose of clarification, asks again, repeating what you said only at the beginning, then replaces the words and, in general, the meaning.

Listen very carefully to what is being said to you. If you hear a distorted meaning, correct it immediately.

SHOWING INDIFFERENCE AND NEGLIGENCE

When one person tries to prove his case, to convince another of something, he shows his indifference both to the interlocutor and to what he says. The manipulator relies on the opponent's aspirations to prove his significance at all costs, to use the facts, the information that he was not going to disclose before. That is, the necessary information is simply displayed.

Manipulation protection- do not succumb to provocation.

JUMPING TO ANOTHER TOPIC

Having voiced one topic, the manipulator quickly moves on to another, thereby not giving the interlocutor the opportunity to protest the first one or somehow doubt it. This is done in order to fix this information (not always true) in the subconscious of the interlocutor. This manipulation method can be characterized as a suggestion with further use.

You should be attentive to what you hear and subject everything to analysis.

QUOTATION OF OPPONENT'S WORDS

In this case, the manipulator quotes, and unexpectedly, the words of the opponent. In most cases, the words are partially distorted.

Defensively, you can respond in kind, invent a phrase and pass it off as the words of a manipulator that he once said.

IMAGINARY DAMAGE

The manipulator shows his weakness, seeking condescending attitude towards himself. At such moments, the manipulated ceases to take the person seriously as a competitor and rival, his vigilance is dulled.

You can not succumb to this manipulation technique only if you always take any person seriously and see him as a strong opponent.

FALSE LOVE

Very common manipulation technique. Through a declaration of love, respect and respect, you can achieve much more than just asking.

"Cold mind" is here to help you.

FURIOUS ANGER AND FURIOUS PRESSURE

With unmotivated anger, the manipulator makes a person want to calm his interlocutor and expects that he will make certain concessions. Just like the previous one, this method of manipulation is quite common.

Opposition:

Do not pay attention to the rage of the interlocutor, do not start to calm him down, but show your indifference to his behavior, this will confuse him;
Or vice versa, touching the manipulator (whether arm or shoulder) and looking directly into his eyes, start to sharply increase your aggressive pace, responding to him. With the help of simultaneous exposure to visual, kinesthetic and auditory stimulus, the manipulator is introduced into a trance. And already you can set your own conditions for him, introduce your settings into his subconscious.
You can adjust, evoke a similar mood in yourself and gradually begin to calm down, calming the manipulator as well.

FALSE HURRY AND FAST PACE

Manipulation is possible by imposing a very fast pace of speech and pushing through your ideas. The manipulator, hiding behind haste and lack of time, chatters his interlocutor, who, not having time not only to answer, but even to think, thereby demonstrates his tacit consent.

Talkativeness, talkativeness and verbosity the manipulator can be stopped with questions and asking again. To slow down the pace will help, for example, such a trick as - “Sorry, I need to call urgently. Will you wait?

EXPRESS SUSPICIOUS AND EXCUSE

This way of manipulation used to weaken the protective barrier of the human psyche. The role of the manipulator is to play suspiciousness in any issue, the response to which will be the desire to justify oneself. This is what he is striving for. The protective barrier has weakened, you can "push" the desired settings.

Self-awareness is the defense here. self-confident person. Show the manipulator that you don't care if they take offense at you, and you won't run to catch up if he wants to leave. Lovers, take it into service, do not let yourself be manipulated!

FALSE FATIGUE

The manipulator makes it clear that he is very tired and unable to prove anything and listen to objections. And because of this, the person being manipulated quickly agrees with his words, and, following his lead, does not tire him with objections.

Do not give in to provocations.

The subtlety of this method of manipulation lies in the specifics of the human psyche - worship and blind trust in authority in any area. The manipulator, using his authority, puts pressure on a person, and often an opinion, advice or request lies outside the limits of his authority. How can you refuse a request or disagree with such a person?

Believe in yourself, in your abilities, in your individuality and exclusivity. Down with low self-esteem!

FALSE LOVE

The manipulator, as if in secret, almost in a whisper, under the guise of imaginary friendship, advises the manipulated to act in a certain way. He assures of the benefits and benefits of this act, but in fact he pursues his own interests.

We should not forget that free cheese is only in a mousetrap, you have to pay for everything.

BRING RESISTANCE

It is known that the forbidden fruit is sweet, and the human psyche is arranged in such a way that he is often interested in exactly what is under the ban or in order to achieve what it is necessary to make efforts. The manipulator, as a subtle psychologist, using these features of the human psyche, causes such desires in the object of his influence. Of course, for your own good.

Always remember your interests. Make decisions, thinking carefully, weighing all the pros and cons.

FROM PARTICULARITY TO ERROR

The manipulator draws the attention of the object of manipulation to only one detail, not allowing him to consider the whole picture, and forces him to draw conclusions based on this. Application of this ways to manipulate people widespread in life. Many people draw conclusions and judge any subject or event without detailed information and without facts, sometimes without even having their own opinion on this issue, they judge based on the opinions of others. Manipulators take advantage of this and thus impose their opinion.

Expand your horizons, develop, work to increase the level of your own knowledge.

IRONY WITH A grin

Manipulator, as if doubting the opponent's words, deliberately chooses an ironic tone of conversation, provoking him to emotions. IN emotional state, in anger, a person falls into an altered state of consciousness and is more susceptible to suggestion.

An effective defense against this method of manipulation is complete indifference.

DISCONNECT

The manipulator, in order to direct the conversation in the direction he needs, constantly interrupts the thoughts of the interlocutor.

Ignore this, or, using speech psychotechniques, try to make fun of the manipulator and if you are in a group, no one will seriously pay attention to his interruptions.

FALSE RECOGNITION OF FAVORABLE CONDITIONS

In this case, there is a hint from the manipulator of more favorable conditions, in which the object of manipulation is allegedly located. The manipulated begins to make excuses and opens up to the suggestion that immediately follows.

Do not make excuses, on the contrary, recognize your superiority.

SIMULATION OF BIA

The manipulated is placed in such conditions when he needs to avert suspicion of bias towards the manipulator. And he himself begins to praise him, talk about his good intentions, thereby setting himself up not to react critically to the words of the manipulator.

If you are already in such a situation, refute your bias, but without praising the manipulator.

MISTAKE SPECIFIC TERMINOLOGY

It is carried out through the use of unknown manipulated terms by the manipulator in the conversation. The latter finds himself in an awkward position, and being afraid to appear illiterate, he is afraid of what these terms mean.

Do not be shy and do not be afraid to clarify a word that is not clear to you.

IMPOSING FALSE STUPIDITY

In simple terms, this method of manipulation is to lower a person below the plinth. Allusions to his illiteracy and stupidity are used, which brings the object of manipulation into a state of temporary confusion. It is then that the manipulator produces the coding of the psyche.

Do not pay attention, especially if you know that you are a competent manipulator, an experienced fraudster or a hypnotist.

IMPOSSION OF THOUGHT BY THE REPETITION OF PHRASES

With this method of manipulation, due to the repeated repetition of phrases, the manipulator inspires the object with some information.

Do not focus on what the manipulator says. You can change the topic of conversation.

FALSE NEGLIGENCE

The manipulator plays on his alleged inattention. Having achieved the desired result, he seems to notice that he did something wrong, putting the manipulated before the fact - “Well, what can you do, I didn’t see, I didn’t hear, I misunderstood ...”

It is necessary to clearly clarify and convey the meaning of the agreements reached.

SAY YES"

Like manipulation technique is carried out by constructing a dialogue in such a way that the person being manipulated agrees with the words of the manipulator all the time. So the manipulator brings the object of influence to the adoption of his idea.

Change the direction of the conversation.

OBSERVING AND SEARCHING FOR SIMILAR FEATURES

The manipulator invents or finds some similarity between himself and the manipulated, casually pays attention to this, thereby increasing self-confidence and weakening protection. You can act, promote an idea, inspire a thought (using other methods and techniques of manipulation), ask.

Protection - sharply tell the manipulator about your dissimilarity with him.

THE IMPOSITION OF CHOICE

The manipulator puts the question in such a way that it does not give the object any other choice of options than those that he proposed. For example, a waiter in a restaurant, asking, coming up to your table - “Which wine will you drink today - red or white?”, Makes you think about the choice from what he offered, and you, for example, planned to order yourself a cheap vodka.

Clearly and clearly imagine what you want and do not forget about your interests and plans, no matter what it concerns.

The article turned out to be voluminous, although far from all the techniques and methods of manipulation are considered (but this is already in other articles). It is clear that it will not work out the first time. Yes, and it’s wrong to try to immediately apply everything that you read and remember. Choose several methods of manipulation (preferably complementary), practice in their application, bring the application to perfection (as far as possible), and only then proceed to the next. We also recommend reading the article Sayings of great and successful people about manipulation».

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