For the correct execution of the building, one should understand what spellings of weak positions are.

Spelling errors are often made due to ignorance of the spelling rules.

Spelling on Greek means "correct letter". Here, the science that studies all spellings and rules of the Russian language takes its origins - spelling. Spelling must comply with the spelling rules of the native language.

Orthograms of weak positions arise when it is not clear which letter should be written.

At school, it is customary to underline the desired spelling with one line, and adjacent identifying features - with two lines.

Choosing the right spelling

We write letters according to their pronunciation. As we hear, so we write. This choice is called phonetic.

The Russian language contains words borrowed from the languages ​​of other countries. We write these words according to the principle of differentiation.

The traditional method is applicable if the spelling is difficult to determine. Such words are traditionally written.

When all morphemes in a word are written in the same way, this principle is called morphological.

Orthograms can be in different parts the words. If you correctly designate spellings and know the rules of spelling, you will become literate people.

Let's write riddles, skipping the spelling of weak positions

Crash_noe k_r_myslo across the river p_ovistlo. There is no ear, but he hears, there is no mouth, but he cries, he has no mind, but he knows all languages.

Our task contains the following rules of the Russian language: the spelling of an unstressed vowel at the root of the word (yoke, languages, screams) and the spelling of the vowel after the letter "sh" (painted, ears, hears).

To correctly write a word with an unstressed vowel at the root, you need to change the necessary word so that the desired vowel is under stress.

After the hissing letter "sh" are written:

• letters -i, -a, -y. Except for the words: jury, parachute, brochure;
• the letter -ё in the root of the word, if it is under stress and the stress is mobile. Also in the case when -ё alternates with the letter -е;
• letter -o in the root of the word, if the stress is constant.

The red yoke hung across the river.

A painted yoke hung across the river.

Painted rocker
It hung over the river.

For a minute, a multi-colored miracle bridge has grown into the ground.
The miracle master made a high bridge without a railing.

Gates went up
Beauty all over the world.

The gates have risen, the beauty of the whole world.
The sun ordered: "Stop, the seven-colored Bridge is steep!"
A cloud hid the light of the sun. The bridge collapsed - and there are no chips!

After the rain happens
half the sky closes.
The arc is beautiful, colorful
Appear, then fade.

The sun ordered: "" Stop,
The seven-colored bridge is cool!"
The cloud hid the sun light -
The bridge collapsed, but there were no chips.

multi-colored yoke
It hung over the river.

Spread golden bridge
For seven villages, for seven miles.

Through the fields
Through the meadows
There was an elegant arc.

What a marvelous beauty!
painted gate
Showed up on the way!
Do not enter them
Neither enter

What a marvel: the fruit spits -
Whole hands are not given.

Squirting cucumber

To fire up the stove
We need to get firewood.
Where are we going to follow them?
On ..., for dry!

Deadwood

What is born in bread
Isn't it good for food?

Bright blue and fluffy
He is born in bread, but is not good for food.

Everyone is familiar with us:
Bright as a flame
We are namesakes
With small nails.
Admire the wild
Scarlet...

carnations

The green house is cramped:
Narrow long, smooth.
Sitting side by side in the house
Round kids.
Trouble came in autumn
The smooth house cracked,
Who jumped where
Round kids.

small green house
Was in Lusenka's hands.
Split - and fell
There are beads in her hand.

Broken cramped house
into two halves
And fell into the palms
Beads are pellets.

Peas, Plodbob

Black, little baby
Collect a little
They boil in water
Who will eat, praise.

Standing above the water
Shaking his beard.

The blue bell hangs
He never calls.

Bell

Oh, bells, blue color,
With a tongue, but no ringing.

bells

Grew up in the field house -
The house is full of grain.
The walls are gilded
The shutters are boarded up.
And there is a new house
On a gold pillar.

Olya is worth
in the middle of the field,
covered with a tent,
She propped herself up with a spear.

They didn’t dig, they didn’t drill, but they got water

Jugs and saucers
And they don't sink and they don't fight.

water lilies

In these yellow pyramids
Hundreds of delicious grains.

Corn

white peas
On a green leg.

White peas on a green stem.

The plant is prominent
And the name is offensive.

Head on a leg, peas in the head.
The sun burns the crown,
Wants to make a rattle.

These red flowers
Lose petals.
lose petals,
Turn into chests
What do the chests hide?
Gets into pies.

yellow chicks
On a green branch
Give dad - mom,
And boys to girls.

In the field - earrings
On thin legs.

As in a field on a mound
There is a chicken with earrings.

As in the field, on the mound
There is a chicken with earrings.

We have been friends with him for a long time,
He gives cereals, and oatmeal,
And flour, and porridge, and cookies ...
We thank him for the treat.

Oats, Plodzernovka

The sun came out
From a furry cloud
Reached for the rain
Fingers - rays.
But it didn't rain.
Didn't part with us
seven color rainbow
Stayed above ground.

Muggles know how to invent trouble for themselves! Look here:
« A rainbow is an atmospheric optical and meteorological phenomenon, usually observed in a field of high humidity. It looks like a multi-colored arc or a circle made up of the colors of the spectrum (looking from the outside - inside the arc: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet). These seven colors are the main names of the colors that are usually distinguished in the rainbow in Russian culture (perhaps following Newton), but it should be borne in mind that in fact the spectrum is continuous, and these colors in the rainbow pass into each other with a smooth change through many shades in between.
The center of the circle described by the rainbow lies on a straight line passing through the observer and the Sun, moreover, when observing the rainbow (unlike the halo), the Sun is always behind the observer, and it is impossible to see the Sun and the rainbow at the same time without using optical devices. For an observer on the ground, a rainbow usually looks like an arc, part of a circle, and the higher the observer's point of view, the fuller the rainbow (from a mountain or an airplane, you can also see a full circle). When the Sun rises above 43 degrees above the horizon, the rainbow is not visible from the Earth's surface.»
After all, a rainbow is a real miracle! And they call it an atmospheric optical and meteorological phenomenon!
There are many myths and signs associated with the rainbow.
One legend says how once a rainbow, before disappearing, crumbled into pieces. Wonderful fragments of the rainbow fell to the ground and charming flowers sprouted. The rainbow crumbled into small fragments - that's where the irises bloomed.
In the biblical tradition, a rainbow is a sign of God in heaven, placed there after Flood as a promise that the world will never again be destroyed by water. Pagan myths saw in her a spirit (in Burma and among the Zulus - a dangerous demon), or a weapon of the gods, or a bridge for souls. In India, as well as in Finland, it was a bow from which the god of thunder throws his lightning arrows. In ancient Scandinavia, it was Bifrest, a bridge built by Odin between Midgard, the abode of people, and Asgard, the home of the gods. The souls of the dead passed through it, if they were worthy of it, if not, they were devoured by a furious flame - the very thing that we, who live here below, see as a red stripe in the rainbow. Long after the victory of Christianity, this idea was preserved in the German-Austrian legend that souls, especially the souls of children, walk along the rainbow to paradise, accompanied by their guardian angel.
In Ireland they say that if you find a place where a rainbow sticks to the ground, you will find a pot of gold there.
By the time of the appearance of the rainbow and its appearance, people in our time judge the weather. "Rainbow in the morning - a warning to the shepherds", no less than the red morning sky, and "rainbow in the evening - the rain has nothing to do here." This is often justified, because the weather usually moves from west to east, and the morning rainbow shows the approach of rain from the west, and the evening one that it has already left to the east. Fragments of the rainbow appearing in the clouds, sometimes called "wind dogs" or "weather gulls", predict the onset of stormy weather with gusty winds.
In China, a rainbow is a heavenly dragon, the union of Heaven and Earth, a sign of the unification of yin and yang.
AT ancient india the rainbow is the bow of Indra, the god of thunder; in addition, in Hinduism and Buddhism, the "rainbow body" is the highest yogic state attainable in the realm of samsara.
In Islam, the rainbow consists of four colors - red, yellow, green and blue, corresponding to the four elements.
In some African myths, a heavenly serpent is identified with a rainbow, which serves as a guardian of treasures or encircles the Earth in a ring.
American Indians identify the rainbow with a staircase that leads to another world. Among the Incas, the rainbow was associated with the sacred Sun, and the Inca rulers wore its image on their coats of arms and emblems.
Among the Chibcha Muisca Indians, the rainbow was considered a good deity. In the specific mountainous conditions of the Cordillera, an amazing natural phenomenon is observed: sometimes a rainbow appears against the background of a foggy haze, as if framing the multiply enlarged reflection of the observer himself. The main sanctuary dedicated to the goddess of the Rainbow, chibcha, was erected next to the mountain waterfall Tekendama, where the brightest arc is always displayed as soon as the sun's rays fall on the water spray.
In Scandinavian mythology, "Bivrest" ("shaking road", "trembling path") is a rainbow-bridge connecting heaven and earth. He is guarded by the guardian of the gods Heimdall. Before the end of the world and the death of the gods, the bridge collapses.
AT Ancient Greece the goddess of the rainbow was the virgin Irida, the messenger of the gods, the daughter of Taumantus and the oceanides Electra, the sister of the harpies. She was depicted with wings and a caduceus. Her attire is made up of iridescent dew drops.
The Western Slavs have a belief that a witch can steal a rainbow and hide it, which means producing drought on the earth.
Seeing a rainbow is a good omen, many make a wish at the same time. Pointing the finger at her is very bad, otherwise some misfortune or failure will befall you, the least that can happen from this is that it will rain again. Children in the northern regions often "cross out" it, making a cross on the ground from twigs or straws with small pebbles at the ends. The rainbow is expected to disappear from this, although few children can tell how it interferes with them. Perhaps this custom is based on vague memories of ancient notion about her as a bridge of souls.
Rainbow signs:
High and steep rainbow to the bucket; flat and low - to bad weather.
If the rainbow soon disappears after the rain - to clear weather, and if it stays for a long time - to bad weather.
Rainbow in the morning - to the rain.
A double rainbow is a sign of rainy weather.
If a cool rainbow appeared in the evening, there will be the same clear day, and if it is gentle, wait for rain from the night.
Green rainbow for rain, yellow for good weather, red for heat, wind. When they see a rainbow, they expect the weather to change.
Swimming on the water when a rainbow appears is dangerous - it can be pulled into the sky.