Test on the topic " Molecular level: proteins fats carbohydrates"
Option 1
A1. What class of chemicals does ribose belong to?
A-protein B-carbohydrate
B-lipid
A2. Through what chemical bond are amino acids connected to each other in a protein molecule of the primary structure?
A-disulfide B-hydrogen
B-peptide G-ion
A3. What part of the amino acid molecules distinguishes them from each other?
A-radical B- carboxyl group
B-amino group
A4. Protein monomers are:
A-nucleotides B-amino acids
B-glucose G-fats
A5. The most important organic substance, which is part of the cells of all kingdoms of wildlife, with a primary linear configuration, is:
A-to polysaccharides B-to lipids
B-to ATP G-to polypeptides
A6. How many of the known amino acids are involved in protein synthesis?
A-20 B-100
B-23
A7. What function do proteins not perform in a cell?
A-information B-catalytic
B-solvent G-storage
A8. Protein molecules that bind and neutralize substances foreign to a given cell perform a function ...
A-protective B-energy
B-catalytic G-transport
A9. What is the name of organic substance, in molecules which contains C, O, H atoms, which performs an energy and building function?
A-nucleic acid B-protein
B-carbohydrate G-ATP
A10. What carbohydrates are polymers?
A-monosaccharides
B-disaccharides
B-polysaccharides
A11. Necessary for all chemical reactions, the substance in the cell, which plays the role of a solvent for most substances, is ...
A-polynucleotide
B-polypeptide
V-water
G-polysaccharide
Option 2
Part A. Choose one correct answer
A1. The group of monosaccharides includes:
A-glucose
B-sucrose
B-cellulose
A2. Which carbohydrates are insoluble in water?
A-glucose, fructose B-starch
B-ribose, deoxyribose
A3. What polysaccharides are characteristic of a living cell?
A-cellulose B-glycogen, chitin
B-starch
A4. Fat molecules are formed:
A-from glycerin, higher carboxylic acids B-from glucose
B-from amino acids, water
G-from ethyl alcohol, higher carboxylic acids
A5. Fats perform a function in the cell:
A-transport B-energy
B-catalytic G-information
A6. What compounds in relation to water are lipids?
A-hydrophilic B-hydrophobic
A7. What is the importance of animal fats?
A-structure of membranes B-thermoregulation
B-source of energy D-source of water E-all of the above
A8. Which vital compound contains iron?
A-chlorophyll B-DNA
B-hemoglobin G-RNA
A9. What is the average proportion of water in a cell?
A-80% B-1%
B-20%
A10. Substances that are highly soluble in water are called:
A-hydrophilic B-amphiphilic
B-hydrophobic
A11. At what level of life organization is there a similarity between the organic world and inanimate nature?
A-on fabric
B-on the molecular
B-on cellular
In-on atomic
Test on the topics: "Molecular and cellular levels" (biology grade 9)
Choose one correct answer out of four.
A 1 . After the advent of the electron microscope, scientists discovered in the cell:
- nucleus 3) vacuole
- ribosomes 4) chloroplasts
A 2. In the table below, between the positions of the first and second columns
there is a relationship.
Object Process
ribosome protein synthesis in body cells
In place of the gap in this table should be entered:
1) fat synthesis
2) transport of substances
3) ATP synthesis
4) cell division
A 3. The hereditary apparatus of the cell is located in
1) core | |
2) ribosome | |
3) vacuoles | |
4) Golgi apparatus A 4. The main result of photosynthesisis education:
A 5. You can tell a plant cell from an animal cell by:
A 6. Cellular structures formed by DNA and protein are called:
A 7. Protein in the cell is synthesized:
|
A 8. Digestion of food particles and removal of dead cells occurs in the body with the help of:
- golgi apparatus
- endoplasmic reticulum
- lysosomes
- ribosome
A 9. What is the function of the cell center
- involved in cell division
- involved in protein synthesis
- involved in the transport of organic matter
- involved in the breakdown of substances
A 10. What is the haploid set of chromosomes in cancer cells if the diploid is 118:
- 236 2) 59 3) 100 4) 80
A 11. The set of chromosomes in an organism is called:
- Caries 2) karyoplasm 3) karyotype 4) genotype
A 12. The inner membrane of mitochondria forms:
- Grana 2) chromatin 3) cristae 4) stroma
A 13. An organelle that can reproduce on its own:
- EPS 2) mitochondria 3) nucleus 4) ribosome
A 14. Organic matter during photosynthesis is formed from:
- Proteins and carbohydrates
- oxygen and carbon dioxide
- carbon dioxide and water
- oxygen and hydrogen
A 15. Membrane channels are formed by molecules:
- Proteins 2) carbohydrates 3) lipids 4) nucleic acids
IN 1. Establish a correspondence between the structure of the cell and its appearance. To do this, for each element of the first column, select a position from the second column. Enter the numbers of the selected answers in the table.
Answer:
IN 2. Insert the missing terms from the proposed list into the text.
Cellular organelles perform various functions that ensure the vital activity of the cell. So, for example, _______________ occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells, and ____________ is synthesized on the ribosomes. Mitochondria produce and store ____________, while the nucleus stores __________.
- transport of substances 4-hereditary information
- photosynthesis 5-ATP
- starch 6-protein
AT 3. Choose three correct answers from six.
Select the processes, as a result of which energy is stored in the cell:
- protein biosynthesis
- duplication of DNA
- photosynthesis
- nutrient oxidation
- anoxic breathing
- cell division
From 1. Read the text and complete the table according to its sections.
Protein biosynthesis
Protein biosynthesis is a process during which the hereditary information encoded in genes is realized in the form of a certain sequence of amino acids in protein molecules. It all starts with the synthesis of messenger RNA at a specific DNA site. Messenger RNA exits through the pores of the nuclear membrane into the cytoplasm and attaches to the ribosome. The cytoplasm contains transport RNAs and amino acids. Transfer RNAs recognize a trio of nucleotides on messenger RNA at one end, and attach certain amino acids to the other. Having attached an amino acid, the transfer RNA goes to the ribosomes, where, having found the desired triple of nucleotides encoding this amino acid, it is split off into a synthesized protein chain. Each step of biosynthesis is catalyzed by a specific enzyme and provided with the energy of ATP.
Answers:
Part A.
A10 | A11 | A12 |
Option 1
Part A 1. The monomer of a protein molecule is 1) nitrogenous base 2) monosaccharide 3) amino acid 4) lipid
2. Most enzymes are 1) carbohydrates 2) lipids 3) amino acids 4) proteins
3. The building function of carbohydrates is that they
1) form a cellulose cell wall in plants 2) are biopolymers
3) are able to dissolve in water 4) serve as a reserve substance of an animal cell
4. Lipids play an important role in cell life, since they
1) are enzymes 2) dissolve in water 3) serve as a source of energy 4) maintain a constant environment in the cell.
5. Proteins, unlike carbohydrates, have the ability to
1) solubility 2) denaturation 3) conduction of a nerve impulse 4) accumulation of a large amount of energy
6. What pairs of nucleotides form hydrogen bonds in the DNA molecule (complementary)?
1) adenine and thymine 2) adenine and cytosine 3) guanine and thymine 4) uracil and thymine
Part B 1 . The RNA molecule contains:
A) ribose B) guanium C) magnesium cation D) deoxyribose E) amino acid E) phosphoric acid
2. Establish a correspondence between the function of the compound and the biopolymer for which it is characteristic. In the table below, under each number that defines the position of the first column, write down the letter corresponding to the position of the second column
FUNCTION BIOPOLYMER
1) storage of hereditary information A) protein B) DNA
2) the formation of new molecules by self-doubling
3) acceleration of chemical reactions
4) is an essential component of the cell membrane
5) neutralization of antigens
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3
4
5
Part FROM
Why does glucose not play a storage role in the cell?
Test on the topic "Molecular level of organization". Option 2
Part A 1. The bonds between monomers in a protein molecule are called
1) hydrogen 2) ionic 3) peptide 4) energy intensive
2. The protective function of proteins is manifested in the fact that they
1) undergo denaturation 2) serve as antibodies 3) participate in cell construction 4) transport gases
3. What reserve nutrient serves as an energy reserve of the cell?
1) starch 2) amino acid 3) nucleic acid 4) polysaccharide - chitin
4. Fats in the cell provide
1) transport of hydrophilic (water-soluble) substances 2) dissolution of hydrophobic (water-insoluble) substances 3) acceleration of chemical reactions 4) motor function
5. The main function of carbohydrates compared to proteins is
1) building 2) protective 3) catalytic 4) energy
6. What carbohydrate is included in the composition of RNA nucleotides? 1) ribose 2) glucose 3) sucrose 4) deoxyribose
Part B
1. The DNA molecule contains
A) phosphoric acid B) adenine C) ribose D) deoxyribose E) uracil E) iron cation
Write your answer as a sequence of letters in alphabetical order (no spaces or other characters).
2. Establish a correspondence between the function of the compound and the biopolymer for which it is characteristic. In the table below, under each number that defines the position of the first column, write down the letter corresponding to the position of the second column.
FUNCTION BIOPOLYMER
1) formation of cell walls A) polysaccharide B) nucleic acid
2) transportation of amino acids
3) storage of hereditary information
4) serves as a reserve nutrient
5) provides the cell with energy
Write down the resulting sequence of letters in the table and transfer it to the answer sheet (without spaces or other symbols).
12
3
4
5
Part C.1. Why is starch classified as a biopolymer and what property of starch determines its storage function in the cell?
Biology tests grade 11.
1 option
Enzymes perform the following functions:
A. are the main sources of energy
B. accelerate biochemical reactions
B. transport oxygen
G. participate in chemical reaction transforming into other substances.
The organic substances that make up the cell include:
A. proteins, fats, carbohydrates
B. nucleic acids
D. Anions of weak acids.
Proteins are biological polymers, the monomers of which are:
A. nucleotides
B. amino acids
B. peptides
G. monosaccharides.
A. life and death
B. synthesis and decay
B. excitation and inhibition
5. Choose one "extra" term
A. Molecule
B. reagent
B. reaction
G. enzyme
Photosynthesis products are presented in the form of monosaccharides and polysaccharides
B. carbohydrates
B. lipids
D. enzymes
7. Affect membrane permeability and activity of many enzymes
B. carbohydrates
B. lipids
G. hormones
A Replication
9. Fusion reactions that take place with the help of solar energy are called
A. photolysis
B. Photosynthesis
B. metabolism
G. glycolysis
Elementary particle of genetic information
Biology tests grade 11.
Theme "Molecular level of life"
Option 2
1. The process of releasing the necessary energy from organic substances by splitting them is called
A. biological oxidation
B. aerobic digestion
B. glycolysis
G. photolysis
Low molecular weight organic substances regulating processes in the cell
B. Lipids
B. vitamins
G. enzymes
Substances of a living cell that do not participate in a chemical reaction, but accelerate it:
A. Enzymes
B. Vitamins
B. Hormones
D. Coenzymes
A group of irreplaceable minerals, small in number, that ensure the vital activity of organisms
A. Trace elements
B. macronutrients
B. Enzymes
G. coenzymes
One of the artificial polymers that turn out to be useful in the human economy:
A. cellulose
B. fluoroplast
B. polyethylene
G. polystyrene
Substances that destroy pests of agricultural crops, increasing their productivity
A. herbicides
B. pesticides
B. Mineral fertilizers
7. Choose one "extra" term
A. Molecule
B. reagent
B. reaction
G. enzyme
8. Choose one "extra" term
B. amino acid
B. macromolecule
G. energy
A biosynthesis
B. photosynthesis
B. broadcast
D. transcription
And carbohydrates
G. carbon
Biology tests grade 11.
Theme "Molecular level of life"
3 option
1. Products of photosynthesis are presented in the form of monosaccharides and polysaccharides
B. carbohydrates
B. lipids
D. enzymes
2. Substances of a living cell that do not participate in a chemical reaction, but accelerate it:
A. Enzymes
B. Vitamins
B. Hormones
D. Coenzymes
3. The organic substances that make up the cell include:
A. proteins, fats, carbohydrates
B. nucleic acids
D. Anions of weak acids.
4. The process of releasing the necessary energy from organic substances by splitting them is called
A. biological oxidation
B. aerobic digestion
B. glycolysis
G. photolysis
5. These substances perform building, protective, transport functions
B. carbohydrates
B. lipids
G. hormones
6. Bioelements are called chemical elements:
A. included in the composition of animate and inanimate nature
B. cells involved in life
B. included in the composition of inorganic molecules
G. are the main component of all organic connections of a cell.
Metabolism consists of two interrelated and oppositely directed processes:
A. life and death
B. synthesis and decay
B. excitation and inhibition
D. oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide release
8. Affect membrane permeability and activity of many enzymes
B. carbohydrates
B. lipids
G. hormones
9. Choose one "extra" term
B. amino acid
B. macromolecule
G. energy
10. Choose one "extra" term
A biosynthesis
B. photosynthesis
B. broadcast
Molecular level of organization of living nature. test grade 9 Ι option
1. The connection of two strands of DNA into a helix is carried out by bonds:
a) ionic
b) hydrogen
c) hydrophobic
d) electrostatic
2. Monosaccharides include:
a) lactose, glucose
b) deoxyribose, sucrose
c) glucose, fructose
d) glycogen, maltose
3. Polymers include:
a) starch, protein, cellulose
b) protein, glycogen, fat
c) cellulose, sucrose, starch
4. Monomers of DNA and RNA are:
a) nitrogenous bases
b) deoxyribose and ribose
d) nucleotides
5. Changeable parts of an amino acid are:
a) amino group and carboxyl group
b) radical
c) carboxyl group
d) radical and carboxyl group
6. Which of the substances is highly soluble in water?
a) fiber b) protein c) glucose d) lipids
7. In which case is the composition of the DNA nucleotide correctly indicated?
a) ribose, phosphoric acid residue, thymine
b) phosphoric acid, uracil, deoxyribose
c) phosphoric acid residue, deoxyribose, adenine
d) phosphoric acid, ribose, guanine
8. Amino acids in a protein molecule are connected by:
a) ionic bond
b) peptide bond
c) hydrogen bond
d) covalent bond
9. Enzymes are biocatalysts consisting of:
a) proteins b) nucleotides c) lipids d) fats
10. Carbon as an element is included in:
a) proteins and carbohydrates
b) carbohydrates and lipids
c) carbohydrates and nucleic acids
d) all organic compounds of the cell
Molecular level of organization of living nature. test grade 9 ΙΙ option
1. What is the function of ribosomal RNA?
a) forms the active centers of the ribosome
b) carries information from DNA
c) carries amino acids to ribosomes
d) all of the listed functions
2. Molecules are built from amino acid residues:
a) carbohydrates b) proteins c) lipids d) fats
3. The secondary structure of the protein is maintained:
a) peptide bonds
b) hydrogen bonds
c) disulfide bonds
d) covalent bonds
4. In the process of biochemical reactions, enzymes:
a) they speed up reactions without changing themselves
b) accelerate reactions and change as a result of the reaction
c) slow down reactions without changing
d) slow down reactions by changing
5. Which of the named chemical compounds is not biopolymer?
a) protein b) glucose c) deoxyribonucleic acid d) cellulose
6. Protein molecules differ from each other:
a) the sequence of alternation of amino acids
b) the number of amino acids in the molecule
c) the shape of the tertiary structure
d) all of the above features
7. Monomers of nucleic acids are:
a) deoxyribose and phosphate groups
b) ribose or deoxyribose
c) nitrogenous base, carbohydrate, phosphoric acid residue
d) nucleotides
8. What is the function of transfer RNA?
a) carries amino acids to ribosomes
b) carries information from DNA
c) forms ribosomes
d) all of the listed functions
9. Polysaccharides include:
a) starch, ribose
b) glycogen, glucose
c) cellulose, starch
d) starch, sucrose
10. The cell contains DNA:
a) in the nucleus and mitochondria
b) in the nucleus, cytoplasm and various organelles
c) in the nucleus, mitochondria and cytoplasm
d) in the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids