Inga Malyugina
Psychological preparation of children for school

I, Malyugina Inga Viktorovna, teacher preschool group. I am glad to welcome you on my page. Today we will talk with you about readiness preparatory children groups to study in school.

The child's readiness for learning school is one of the most important outcomes mental development during preschool childhood and the key to successful education in school. From being a child prepared for school all previous preschool period of development, will depend on the success of its adaptation of entering the mode school life, his academic success, his psychological well-being.

Let's figure out with you what is the child's readiness for school.

Composite Components psychological readiness for school are:

*personal

*intellectual

*emotional-volitional

* physical.

Personal and socio-psychological readiness for school includes the formation of a child's readiness to accept a new social position schoolboy having a range of important duties and rights, occupying other than preschoolers in the children's society.

Taking a stand student- is primarily related to school, to learning activities, to the teacher, to oneself. The ability to communicate with adults, with peers, enter into a children's society, act together with others.

Intelligent readiness for school consists in acquiring a certain outlook, a stock of specific knowledge, in understanding general patterns, underlying knowledge:

* the orientation of the child in the world around him, the stock of his knowledge acquired by him in the system,

* Desire to learn new things

* sensory development,

development of figurative representations,

*development of speech and thinking.

Emotional and volitional readiness of the child to school involves:

* the ability to subjugate motives, control one's behavior,

* the ability to organize your workplace and maintain order in it,

* a positive attitude towards the goals of the activity (study, acceptance of them,

* the desire to overcome difficulties,

* the desire to achieve the result of their activities.

Physical readiness includes:

*health status (absence of serious diseases, heredity, etc.)

* physical development (classes in sports sections, visits to circles,

*development of analyzer systems,

* development of small muscle groups (hand, fingers,

*development of basic movements (running, jumping, walking, sports games).

Everything mental processes(attention, memory, thinking, imagination) must be sufficiently developed. The child should be able to focus his attention on different work, for example, writing the elements of a letter. The development of perception and thinking allows the child to systematically observe the objects and phenomena being studied, to highlight significant features and differences in objects and phenomena, to reason and draw conclusions, and to come to a certain result.

In the modern world, there are a lot of different benefits, exercises, tasks, games for the comprehensive development of the child. Easy and fun to do with all family members who have free time and a desire to practice. When typing tasks, pay attention to the weak points of your child. Use general strengthening exercises that are useful for strengthening perception, attention, memory, hand motility. Speak difficult words clearly. Ask them to pronounce, repeat. Learn a lot of little rhymes, read to your child. Learn tongue twisters and make up stories. Ask them to retell. Play collective games, they develop arbitrariness of actions, concentration, enrich the speech reserve children, sociability, evoke positive emotions.

You can choose games or toys that will help you in preparing children for school(for example, your favorite fairy tale character, in any case, your child is growing and approaching school. And it is in your interest to make this time as soft and interesting as possible.

But please remember a few simple rules:

*classes should not be violent,

*Lessons should not exceed 35 minutes

* arrange small physical education minutes, breaks,

*Classes must be arranged in a system.

Try to wake up motivation for classes, interest the child (praise, stickers for special achievements, surprise moments, etc.)

In conclusion, I would like to say the following - no matter what steps your child moves to the heights of knowledge, he needs your help, love, support, faith in himself. Create a healthy, positive, positive attitude before school, in which he would strive to acquire new knowledge, skills, was not afraid of bad grades, problems with teachers, classmates, and was sure that an excellent student or a loser, he is your most beloved and dear!

Good luck, dear parents!

Svetlana Churakova
How to mentally prepare your child for school

How .

In order to study in school brought the child joy and did not weigh him down, it is necessary in advance prepare a preschooler. It is especially important to pay attention psychological readiness of the child. How prepare the child mentally, we'll talk further.

psychological readiness for learning is determined by several important criteria. For example, the presence of attention, imagination, thinking and memory in child, his ability to perceive information by ear. Also, children should adequately perceive themselves in a new status, strive for knowledge, be able to find a common language with their peers. Let's take a look at what's included psychological preparation of the child for school. How prepare the child for school mentally. To psychologically prepare the child for learning,parents need to follow a few important rules:

1. Cultivate children's cognitive interest, motivate child to gain new knowledge.

2. Work out preschooler the ability to overcome difficulties and complete any work begun.

3. Prepare your child to moral obstacles, talk about what he may encounter in the learning process.

4. Develop in children the ability to analyze, compare, draw conclusions, generalize. Read book child and then ask him to tell you what you have read.

5. Teach children to correctly build sentences and defend their point of view.

6. Be sure to do everything to ensure that your child communicated with peers and knew how to find common ground with them. Communication skills can be acquired absolutely anywhere: on the playground, in kindergarten, in various circles.

7. Nurture in child perseverance such as board games.

Program psychological preparation of children for school

Psychological program for preparing for school must include training child basic concepts. He must understand the difference between good and evil, bad and good deeds. It is also important to teach child rules of conduct in society, self-service skills. Explain to children how learning is school what lessons are, how homework is done, how to communicate with a teacher or classmates. So it will be easier for him to adapt in an unusual atmosphere for him.

Develop logical thinking in children. This will help you special tasks, board games. In addition, board games will help develop perseverance. child.

Thus, the task of parents is prepare the child for school mentally. Sometimes psychological aspects are much more important than any intellectual skills child. If the children are ready for school psychologically, it is much easier for them to perceive a new environment. That is, they quickly join their studies and begin to show the first success in learning almost immediately.

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How quickly time flies! Until recently, you were looking forward to the birth of your baby, and now he is about to go to first grade. Many parents are concerned about how to prepare their child for school. This is really worth being puzzled and not expecting that everything will be decided by itself at school. Most likely, the classes will be overcrowded, and the teacher simply will not physically be able to give due attention to each child.

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Preparing a child for school is a matter that worries every parent. Readiness is determined both by the intellectual and, in many ways, by its psychological base. To master the skills necessary for studying at school, it is enough to devote 15-20 minutes a day. A huge number of development aids and preparatory courses will come to the rescue.

It is much more difficult to prepare a child from a psychological point of view. Psychological readiness does not arise by itself, but is gradually formed over the years and requires regular exercise.

When to start preparing a child for school and how to do it correctly, we asked the medical psychologist of the psychotherapeutic center Elena Nikolaevna Nikolaeva.

It is important to create a positive attitude towards school in the child's mind in advance: to tell that at school he will learn a lot of interesting things, learn to read and write well, he will make many new friends. In no case should you scare your child with school, homework and lack of free time.

A good psychological preparation for school is the game in the "school", where the child will learn diligence, perseverance, activity, sociability.

One of the important aspects of preparing for school is the good health of the child. That is why hardening, exercise, sports and the prevention of colds are necessary measures.

For better adaptation at school, the child must be sociable, that is, be able to communicate with both peers and adults. Must understand and recognize the authority of adults, adequately respond to the comments of peers and elders. Understand and evaluate actions, know what is good and what is bad. The child must be taught to adequately assess their capabilities, admit mistakes, be able to lose. Therefore, parents must prepare the baby and explain to him the rules of life that will help him integrate into the school society.

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Elena Nikolaeva, medical psychologist

Such work with a child must begin in advance, from the age of three or four. The key to further painless adaptation of the baby in the school team are two main conditions: discipline and knowledge of the rules.

The child must realize the importance and responsibility of the learning process and be proud of his status as a student, feel the desire to succeed in school. Parents should show how proud they are of their future student, this is very important for the psychological formation of the image of the school - the opinion of parents for children is important.

Such necessary qualities as accuracy, responsibility and diligence are never formed at once - it takes time, patience and effort. Very often, a child needs simple support from a close adult.

Children always have the right to make mistakes, this is common to all people without exception. It is very important that the child is not afraid to make mistakes. Going to school, he learns to learn. Many parents scold children for mistakes, poor grades, which leads to a decrease in the preschooler's self-esteem and fear of taking the wrong step. If a child makes a mistake, you just need to pay attention to it and offer or help correct it.

Praise is a prerequisite for correcting mistakes. Even for small success or achievement, children need to be rewarded with encouragement.

So the time has come when your children need to prepare for their first trip to school. Most parents are wondering how to properly prepare their child for school, whether it is worth doing additional work with him before studying, or is it better for school teachers to do this.

And these are only the most common among the huge number of questions that arise in moms and dads of future students. Some of them will be answered in this article.

Is it worth doing with a child before school?

Dear parents, if you are worried about whether it is necessary to give the child some intellectual preparation before school classes, then the unequivocal answer is yes, such classes are necessary.

Remember the old days, when even in not very wealthy families they tried to hire special tutors who taught children languages, the basics of linguistics, arithmetic, and other sciences before entering the gymnasium.

If we compare the initial knowledge of the average high school student of the 19th century and the preschooler of the 21st century, then the comparison, unfortunately, will not be in favor of the modern approach. Now children are much less prepared for school.

Of course, these days, many parents cannot afford to hire special tutors for their children. However, this is not necessary, because now the Internet can come to your aid, where you can always find many interesting methods for working with preschoolers.

At the same time, modern parents absolutely do not need to be like the tutors of the past, it is quite enough to engage with the child for 15-20 minutes a day, starting from, and it is more convenient to wrap these activities in an attractive "wrapper" of a fun game.

For example, you can invite your child to count cubes, cars in the yard, or birds in a tree. The letters of the child also need to be introduced, starting from 4-5 years old, so your child will already be able to read, count and even write, which will advantageously distinguish him from his peers in the first grade of the school.

The main thing that moms and dads need to know when working with a child:

• All lessons are best done in a playful way, you can even look for special learning applications on the Internet for this;
• You need to do no more than half an hour, otherwise your baby will simply get tired;
• There is no need to turn lessons into a boring obligation like “every day from one to two”, you can conduct classes not every day, and it is better to choose the time in accordance with what hours your child learns the material better;
• It is necessary to alternate classes with outdoor games, reading - with, and music - with arithmetic;
• Practice repeating lessons already learned;
• It is better to choose material for teaching according to the school curriculum, however, if you have extensive knowledge, you can bring something of your own.

Mathematics lessons are better to start with the account, and then move on to geometric shapes and so on. Learning to read and write should begin with printed letters. And creativity lessons can be started with ordinary coloring pages, moving on to modeling with plasticine, appliqués or painting with paints.

How to teach a child to adapt independently to the school environment?

Despite the fact that your child is very bright and can even read and count, nevertheless, he may have problems at school. One of the most common is the inability to communicate properly with peers.

Dear moms and dads, if you want your child not to stay alone in the class, but immediately make friends there, you need to prepare the baby for the fact that you will not be around at school and he will have to solve many problems himself. In particular, he will have to help classmates or ask them for help, act correctly and express his thoughts, not offend other children, but also not allow someone to offend him.

In order for a child to be ready for school in a communicative and emotional sense, it is not enough just to teach him in words, it is much easier for him to go through all this in practice before school. Therefore, it is so important to organize a visit for the baby or any developmental circles - sports, music, dance, etc.

There, your child will not only be with other children, but also learn important communication skills that will be very useful to him in school. Also, your child will learn there the right behavior with adults - educators and teachers.

The child will learn well that in front of the teacher one should not be impudent, naughty, capricious and behave inappropriately. And you should not be at enmity with peers, but it is better to establish friendly and friendly relations. Thus, your offspring will already be fully prepared for school life. Also, attending a kindergarten will teach the child to some independence.

Video how to prepare a child for school

Psychological preparation of the child for school

So that the child does not associate the school with something bad or terrible, you need to create a positive opinion about it in him. How to do it?

In fact, everything is very simple. It is necessary to often tell him funny incidents from your school past, to explain that there are many pleasant moments in attending classes. Emphasize that he will grow up and have many new good friends.

To get your child emotionally ready for school life, you don't have to start prepping them hard in the summer right before school. So studying with him will always be associated with unnecessary stress and discomfort. It is better to start practicing with your own offspring in advance - starting from 4-5 years. By doing this, you will not only prepare him for school studies, but give him the knowledge necessary for later life.

Practical advice on how to psychologically prepare a child for school attendance:

• Play with him "to school", go through all the important points - a call to the board, an explanation of the lesson, a change, and so on;
• Read him stories and stories about school years;
• Teach your child to defend his case, to show character, if necessary.

And most importantly, set the correct daily routine for the preschooler so that he gets up on time, eats and goes about his business. By doing this, you will provide the child with invaluable help, because the school regime will not seem very tiring and difficult to him later.

Attention! The use of any medicines and dietary supplements, as well as the use of any medical methods, is possible only with the permission of a doctor.

Parents of all future first graders want their children to have a good time at school. What does it mean? To make new friends in the class, communication with which brings pleasure. So that the child goes to school in a good mood, and he would like to study and learn something new every day. It is not enough to teach a preschooler to write, read and count. Psychological preparation is also extremely important, because school is a completely new life, a new world. Stay in the status of a schoolboy for many years. The child needs to be comfortable in it.

Creating a positive image of the school

In order for the child to want to go to school, to wait for September 1 with joy and impatience, parents must create a positive image of the educational institution.

You can talk about the school only in a positive way, and not only in conversations with the child. A preschooler should not hear adult conversations that teachers are now bad, children at school are ill-mannered monsters, and homework is given too much. It is absolutely unacceptable to intimidate a child with school, which, unfortunately, some parents sin. “You will get only deuces”, “Here the teacher will show you at school for such behavior”, - a preschooler should not hear anything like this from the lips of his parents.

The child must be sure that he will like it at school, the teacher will be friendly and benevolent, and friends will appear among classmates. It is important not to deceive the child, not to tell that school is a continuous holiday, because it is not. You can read children's stories about schoolchildren, watch feature films about them. Those who go to school with a positive attitude are more likely to do well there.

Motivation must be right

It is necessary to form a child's motivation for learning in the right way. Some preschoolers seem to have an interest in going to school, but it is external. Such children want to try on the new status of a student, walk with a beautiful backpack, use brand new stationery, be like older sisters or brothers. It is important to form a child's desire, passion, interest in cognitive activity, to tell that learning is a mass of new information. Be sure to tell the preschooler what lessons will be in the first grade, what they are studying.

What skills do first graders need?

Patience, self-discipline, the ability to listen without interrupting, perseverance - all this will be needed at school. Psychologists believe that all of the above skills are trained very well in the process of joint games. Especially useful among them are those where there are clearly defined rules: checkers and chess, “walkers”, everything else that requires following the rules. Another, no less useful game is a children's school. Let the child have the opportunity to try himself as a student and be a teacher.

The skill of self-service is very important for a preschooler. Children at school have to change clothes and shoes in the wardrobe, put on and take off their physical education uniform, deftly manage the contents of the school backpack - get and put away the necessary things. Those who do it too slowly are worried and nervous to see more agile classmates. Therefore, self-care of the child must be taught.

The ability to communicate and make friends is very important!

Which of the children is easier to adapt to an unusual school environment? After all, school is not only lessons, but also extra-curricular activities, sports competitions, communication in a team. Those who easily find a common language with classmates and know how to make friends. Children love and value friendliness, responsiveness, the ability not to be offended by trifles, not to conflict in their peers. Another important quality is the ability to seek and find compromises in different situations. Children who have the above skills feel more comfortable in school. The task of parents is to instill them in their child. The earlier the better.

It can be especially difficult for those children who have not attended kindergarten, do not have sufficient experience in communicating in groups, are shy in nature, and have low self-esteem. Adults should help children join the company, teach them to communicate and make friends.

Get to know the school first

For a preschooler, school is something completely new and incomprehensible. Most children are anxious and apprehensive about everything unfamiliar. Children who have already been in the walls of its building go to school much more calmly, they imagine what the classes look like from the inside. Now many educational institutions offer future students something like preparatory courses. If parents have the opportunity to take a child there, it is worth using it. Perhaps the child will not receive some fundamentally new knowledge in the courses. But he learns in practice how the lessons are held at school, how to behave during school, how to answer the teacher.

At breaks, it is worth taking a walk along the corridors, showing the child where the dining room, gym, toilet, wardrobe are located. When a newly minted student crosses the threshold of an educational institution on September 1, he will feel much more confident.