Russian poets often dedicated their poems to real or fictional objects of love and adoration. Thus, both the most ordinary women and unearthly muses from the world of dreams became them. However, there were cases when, in one harmonious unity, two hypostases of femininity merged into a symbolic whole, and this whole became extremely important, fundamental, paramount for the poet. It is to such lyrics that the present analysis will be devoted. Blok, whose "Poems about the Beautiful Lady" still excites hearts, created an imperishable, living image, and therefore it is impossible not to talk about him.

History of the collection

A lyrical cycle about great love, dedicated to the best of women, was created by the poet in the period from 1897 to 1904. This was the time of the development of Blok's stormy, but tense, nervous romance with Lyubov Dmitrievna Mendeleeva, the whole gamut of feelings for which Alexander Alexandrovich, as if confessing, reflected in the poems of the collection. The well-bred and well-educated Lyuba made the poet rush from coldness to jealousy, from obsession to indifference, from happiness to joy. In the poems of Blok, who attributed himself to the direction of symbolism, the whole palette of love emotions acquired even more greater value, was raised to limits inaccessible to the consciousness of an ordinary man in the street.

But this is not all that will be preceded by further analysis. Blok ("Poems about the Beautiful Lady" - this is the first poetic collection on the account of the poet) was very ambiguous about his beloved: he believed that the earthly, carnal closeness of two people is an obstacle to the merging of souls, while Love wanted simple female happiness. Perhaps such an influence on the poet was made by his negative intimate experience: according to Blok, physical communication could only take place with a prostitute, and in the case of a worthy woman, this was identified in his mind with a vice.

Be that as it may, they met in their youth: she was 16, he was 17. Their communication, friendship and even mutual sympathy were interrupted, but later fate brought them together again, and Alexander Alexandrovich saw in this a mysterious omen, a sign sent over. They got married, although their happiness turned out to be shaky, fragile: Lyuba always begged her husband to leave mysticism and kiss her not on the pages of books, but in real life.

Who is the Beautiful Lady?

Without a description of the character of Lyubvi Mendeleeva, the analysis itself cannot take place. Blok, whose "Poems about the Beautiful Lady" to some extent played a cruel joke on the girl, spiritualized and idealized her image so much that a real, earthly, interesting personality was lost behind him. Lyuba was serious, strict, impregnable, and at the same time witty, calm, joyful. Golden-haired and ruddy, the granddaughter of the great chemist Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev could not and did not want to spend her whole life searching for the mysterious meanings of love, “poser with the habits of a veil,” as she herself once called Blok.

The entire environment of the poet also saw in her the embodiment of eternal, ideal femininity, in connection with which they interpreted her gestures, behavior, mood, and outfits in different ways. The marriage of Alexander Alexandrovich and Mendeleev was considered a sacred mystery, capable of bestowing, according to V. Solovyov, purification of the world. There were also those who saw only negative properties in Love: for example, Anna Akhmatova called her “a hippopotamus that rose on its hind legs,” and considered it a stuffed fool. The woman became literally a hostage to the current situation. As a result, she found what she was looking for - love, understanding, support ... But not in her husband, but in another man.

Fight of two (or more) knights

This is the last story that will precede the poetic analysis. Blok, whose poems about the Beautiful Lady could not satisfy the one to whom they were dedicated, soon turned out to be “overboard”: Love, who felt unnecessary and forgotten, began a relationship with her husband’s close friend, the poet Andrei Bely. This connection was finally interrupted only in 1907. Subsequently, Lyuba entered into an informal relationship with G. Chulkov, from whom even a child was born. Blok, who all this time continued to be the legal husband of Mendeleeva, agreed to become the father of the baby, since he could not have his own children, but the boy died a little more than a week after his birth.

And what about the poet?

Alexander Alexandrovich himself was also not sinless: he was seen in connection with the actress N. Volokhova, whom Lyubov even asked to take care of Sashenka, because he is “nervous” and “he needs a special approach.” As a result, Volokhova decided to interrupt her presence in the life of this strange family. Alexander Alexandrovich died in 1921, Mendeleev died 18 years after her husband. She did not remarry for the rest of her life.

Sections of the collection and key poems of the cycle. "The wind brought from afar ..."

So, how did Blok put his worldview into practice? “Poems about the Beautiful Lady” (an analysis of the poem, and more than one, will be presented later) as a collection opens with the cycle “Ante Lucem”, which in Latin means “before the light”. The lyrical hero here is a lost, lonely person wandering in the dark. He is cut off from worldly happiness and joy, unable to experience them. The concept of two worlds is clearly traced: a creator with poetic thinking and a deep romantic soul wants to know the beyond, heavenly secrets, and in this he opposes the crowd that lives in an unremarkable earthly plane.

The cycle of poems about the Beautiful Lady (Block), the analysis of which requires a careful approach, is the second and central part of the collection of the same name. There is still no sense of reality, stability, but the creator finds hope - the incorporeal, obscure, Beautiful Lady must save him, fill existence with meaning. There is a transformation of the medieval motif of knightly service.

What do the poems about the Beautiful Lady look like? Alexander Blok, whose analysis of life and work has already been partially analyzed, created, for example, the poem "The wind brought from afar ...", which is associated with the wind of change, dynamics, change, rebirth. The eternal, deadly night from the poems of the first cycle begins to play with new colors - the reader seems to feel the imminent onset of spring, hears songs, distinguishes colors. No, the Beautiful Lady is not here yet, but everything speaks of her imminent arrival, of the destruction of the shackles of loneliness. lyrical hero, about the update.

“I enter dark temples…”

What are the most significant poems about the Beautiful Lady (Block)? An analysis, a short or full description of the history of the appearance of the collection, an emphasis on the poet's biography - none of the sections can do without the lyrical work "I enter the dark temples ...". Written in 1902, it is the quintessence of symbolism and mysticism. Here the reader is again faced with the uncertainty, the incorporeality of the described image, although certainty in the portrait of the Lady is sometimes found, for example, in the poem "She is slim and tall ...".

Here we are faced with the motive of expectation and ... fear. The lyrical hero yearns for a meeting, but is afraid of what it will bring him, afraid of being unworthy. It is no coincidence that the place of expectation in the work is the church - this only exalts the spirituality of the Beautiful Lady, her crystal purity and holiness.

The final part of the collection

The collection “Poems about the Beautiful Lady” (Block), the analysis of which was presented in detail in this article, closes with the “Crossroads” cycle. Here, the motives of hopelessness, confusion of the lyrical hero, anxiety are clearly manifested, the predominance of realistic components becomes more and more obvious. Raised social problems(in the poems "Factory", "From the newspapers", "Is everything calm among the people? ..") remain without permission.

The motif of the “end of the world” becomes dominant: the lyrical hero, and the poet himself, no longer hopes for salvation, for the arrival of the Beautiful Lady, for the possibility of purification and rebirth. He withdraws from the spiritless existence and no longer participates in what is happening.

Alexander Alexandrovich Blok

Poems about a beautiful lady

Introduction

(1901-1902)

Rest is useless. The road is steep.
The evening is wonderful. I knock on the gate.
Dolny knock is alien and strict,
You scatter pearls around.
Terem is high, and the dawn froze.
The red secret at the entrance lay down.
Who set fire to the tower at the dawn,
What did the Princess herself erect?
Each skate on a patterned carving
The red flame is thrown towards you.
The dome aspires to the azure heights.
The blue windows lit up with a blush.
All bells are ringing.
Filled with springless outfit.
Have you been waiting for me at sunset?
Terem lit? Did the gate open?

I went out. Slowly descended
On the ground the twilight of winter.
The past days were young
Came trustingly from the darkness...
They came and stood behind their shoulders,
And they sang with the wind about spring ...
And I walked silently,
Seeing eternity in the depths...
O, better days were alive!
Under your song from the depths
Twilight descended to earth
And dreams arose for eternity! ..

The wind brought from afar
Songs of spring hint
Somewhere light and deep
The sky opened up.
In this bottomless azure
In the twilight of near spring
Weeping winter storms
There were starry dreams.
Timidly, darkly and deeply
My strings were crying.
The wind brought from afar
Sound songs are yours.

Quiet evening shadows
In the blue lie the snows.
Hosts of discordant visions
Your ashes have been disturbed.
You sleep beyond the distant plain,
Sleeping in the snow...
Songs of your swan
Sounds seemed to me.
An anxious voice
Echoes in the cold snow...
Is it possible to resurrect?
Isn't the past dust?
No, from the Lord's house
Spirit full of immortality
Came out native and familiar
Song disturb my hearing.
Hosts of grave visions,
Sounds of live voices...
Quiet evening shadows
Blue touched the snow.

The soul is silent. In the cold sky
All the same stars burn for her.
Around about gold or about bread
The noisy people are shouting...
She is silent - and heeds the cries,
And sees distant worlds
But alone two-faced
Prepares wonderful gifts
Prepares gifts for his gods
And, anointed, in silence,
Tirelessly hearing catches
The distant call of another soul...
So - white birds over the ocean
Inseparable hearts
Sounds like a call behind the fog
Understandable to them only to the end.

You depart into the scarlet dusk,
In endless circles.
I heard a small echo
distant steps.
Are you near or far
Lost in the sky?
Wait or not a sudden meeting
In this resounding silence?
Sounds stronger in silence
distant steps,
Are you closing, burning,
Endless circles?

O. M. Solovieva

At night gloomy and wild -
Son of the bottomless depth -
Wandering ghost pale-faced
In the fields of my country
And the fields in the great darkness
Alien, cold and dark.
Only sometimes, hearing God,
Daughter of the blessed side
From the birthplace
Chasing ghostly dreams
And a lot flickers in the fields
Pure virgins of spring.

Towards spring blossom
The islands are green.
Only one song left unfinished
Forgotten words...
The soul in aspiration was late,
The guy froze in a vague way,
Didn't know a secret
Some dreams I didn't understand...
And now - in envious embarrassment
Looks - the snow has melted,
And rivers discordant flow
Finds its shores.

On a cold day, on an autumn day
I will return there again
Remember this breath of spring,
See the previous image.
I will come and I won't cry
Remembering, I will not burn.
Meeting with a song at random
New autumn dawn.
Evil time laws
The mournful spirit was lulled.
Past howl, past moans
You will not hear - I went out.
The very fire is blind eyes
Do not burn the dream of the past.
The day itself is darker than the night
Sleepy in soul.

So, they parted ways at dawn.

All earthly dreams fly away,
Alien countries are getting closer.
Countries are cold, dumb,
And without love, and without spring.
There - far away, opening the pupils,
Visions of family and friends
Pass into new dungeons
And look indifferently at them.
There - the mother of the son does not recognize,
Passionate hearts go out...
There hopelessly fading away
My wandering is endless...
And suddenly, on the eve of imprisonment,
I hear footsteps...
You are alone - in the distance,
Close the last circles...

In the hours before sunset
Among the ancient trees
I love fake colors
Your eyes and your words.
Farewell, the night shadow is coming
The night is short, like a spring dream,
But I know tomorrow is a new day
And a new law for you.
Not nonsense, not a forest ghost,
But the old man did not know the fairies
With such unfaithful eyes,
With such a changeable soul!

All being and being according to
In great, unceasing silence.
Look there sympathetically, indifferently, -
I don't care - the universe is in me.
I feel and I believe and I know
You can't seduce a seer with sympathy.
I contain myself abundantly
All those fires that you burn.
But there is no more weakness or strength
Past, future - in me.
All being and existence is frozen
In great, unchanging silence.
I'm here at the end, full of insight
I've crossed the line.
I'm just waiting for a conditional vision
To fly off into another void.

Someone whispers and laughs
Through the azure mist.
Only I will be sad in silence
Again laughter from lovely countries!
Again a whisper - and in whispers
Someone's caress, as in a dream,
In someone's feminine breath,
It can be seen, forever joy to me!
Whisper, laugh, baby
Sweet image, gentle dream;
You are unearthly, apparently, by force
Endowed and covered.

White night red month
Floats in the blue.
Wandering ghostly-beautiful,
Reflected in the Neva.
I see and dream
Fulfillment of secret thoughts.
Is there good in you?
Red moon, quiet noise?

The heavenly mind is not measurable,
Azure is hidden from minds.
Only occasionally do seraphim bring
Sacred dream to the chosen ones of the worlds.
And the Russian Venus seemed to me,
Wrapped in a heavy tunic
Passionless in purity, joyless without measure,
In the features of the face - a calm dream.
She came down to earth not for the first time,
But around her crowd for the first time
The heroes are not the same, and the knights are different ...
And the gleam of her deep eyes is strange...

They sound, they rejoice,
Never getting tired
They celebrate victory
They are blessed forever.
Who will keep track of the surrounding ringing,
Who will feel at least a brief moment
My endless in the secret bosom,
My harmonic language?
Let my freedom be alien to everyone,
Let me be a stranger to everyone in my garden
Ringing and rampaging nature
I am an accomplice to her in everything!

Lonely, I come to you
Bewitched by the fires of love.
You guess. - Don't call me -
I myself have been cheating for a long time.
From the heavy burden of years
I was saved by one divination,
And again I tell fortunes over you,
But the answer is unclear and confused.
Divination-filled days
I cherish the years - do not call ...
Soon the lights will go out
Enchanted dark love?

And the heavy dream of worldly consciousness

You will shake off, yearning and loving.

Vl. Solovyov

I anticipate you. Years pass by
All in the guise of one I foresee You.
The whole horizon is on fire - and unbearably clear,
And silently I wait, yearning and loving.
The whole horizon is on fire, and the appearance is near,
But I'm afraid: you will change your appearance,
And daringly arouse suspicion,
Replacing the usual features at the end.
Oh, how I fall - both sadly and lowly,
Not having overcome deadly dreams!
How clear is the horizon! And radiance is near.
But I'm afraid: you will change your appearance.

... and it's too late to wish

Everything has passed: both happiness and sorrow.

Vl. Solovyov

Don't get angry and forgive. You bloom alone
Yes, and I can not return
These golden dreams, this deep faith...
My way is hopeless.
Blooming with a dreamy thought, you are blessed a lot,
You are strong with azure.
I have a different life and a different road,
And the soul is not up to sleep.
Believe - more unhappy than my young worship
Not in the vast country,
Where your mysterious genius breathed and loved,
Indifferent towards me.

In 1904, Alexander Blok first published Poems about the Beautiful Lady. The analysis carried out by the researchers of his work shows that this is the first serious collection of the poet's poems. He immediately singled out Alexander Alexandrovich among other artists of the word. In our article, we will analyze the Beautiful Lady "- one of the best creations of Alexander Alexandrovich.

Feeling for L. Mendeleeva

The cycle we are interested in was created under the influence of the feeling Blok had for Lyubov Mendeleeva, who later became his wife. Boblovo, the estate of the Mendeleevs, was located near Shakhmatov, the family estate of Alexander Alexandrovich. Thanks to this, he could often see his future wife. In the photo below - Blok with L. Mendeleeva.

The influence of the teachings of V. Solovyov

The collection we are interested in was also created under the influence of the teachings of V. Solovyov about eternal femininity. According to this philosopher, the Eternal Feminine can reconcile the heavenly and the earthly, the divine and the mundane. Thanks to her, the soul of the poet is renewed. The feeling that A. Blok experienced for L. Mendeleeva was rethought by Alexander Alexandrovich in the spirit of the teachings about the world soul of Plato and about the Eternal Femininity, acting as an incorruptible divine principle.

Solovyov's position is fully consistent with Blok's opinion of that period. The philosopher looks at the Eternal Femininity as a phenomenon that has a cosmic scale. The poet also sees in his beloved the embodiment of the divine principle. We can judge this from the letters addressed to Lyubov Mendeleeva. These views of Alexander Alexandrovich determined the general character of his poetic cycle called "Poems about the Beautiful Lady". The heroine of the cycle is a mystical, incomprehensible image ("Holy," Virgin, "Incomprehensible"). Sometimes this is a real woman who has specific features: tall, slender, always arrogant and harsh.

mystic halo

His collection is marked with a mystical halo, which allows you to notice that the feeling of unreality of everything that happens is strengthened by poetic epithets, such as in a quiet backwater, unknown shadows, a white dress. They surround the author's feelings with a mystical halo. The love of the lyrical hero turns into poetry of halftones, symbols, allusions. This feeling is a state of mind. It simultaneously makes the lyrical hero experience and captivates him. Alexander Alexandrovich turns to a symbol that transfers perception from the world of real-concrete things to a mysterious, incomprehensible, vaguely guessed world. This view of art determined the general symbolic nature of the cycle that interests us.

"The girl sang in the church choir..."

Let's turn to this poem, conducting a general about the Beautiful Lady "- a cycle, one of the most famous works which it is. filled with the following symbols: "white dress", "white shoulder" and a shining ray on it, "a voice flying into the dome". In this work, the epithet "white" emphasizes the feeling of peace, peace, silence emanating from the heroine's voice, which is characterized as "flying into the dome". The girl sings about ships that have gone to sea, about people who find themselves in a foreign land, about those who have forgotten their joy. The end of this poem is mystical. It does not leave us feeling happy at all. Blok writes that the child, "involved in mysteries," cried that no one would come back.

"I enter dark temples..."

Let's continue Block. "Poems about the Beautiful Lady" is a cycle in which many interesting works are presented. One of them - "I enter ...". This creation of Alexander Alexandrovich was created in 1902. It is the central work of the cycle "Poems about the Beautiful Lady" (Block). An analysis of the poems included in it allows us to identify some interesting features. In particular, in the work we are considering, the lyrical hero only sees the image of the "Eternal Wife", the majestic Beautiful Lady. It is a symbol of true love. At the same time, the lyrical hero is waiting for a meeting with Mila, and is also afraid of his own feelings.

Cycle "Crossroads"

The cycle "Crossroads", created in the period from 1902 to 1904, closes the book "Poems about the Beautiful Lady" (Block). An analysis of it allows us to notice that it stands as if standing apart from other works of the book. In these poems of Blok, a motive of confusion and anxiety arises. The lyrical hero has thoughts that in real life finding harmony is impossible. The author's attention switches to contemporary reality. He depicts a real city, he is interested in the mysticism of passion and nature.

"Incarnation Trilogy"

The first volume of this cycle consists mainly of "Poems about the Beautiful Lady". Blok, whose poems are still being analyzed by many researchers, independently prepared his collection for publication. He divided it into 3 books, uniting them under the title "Incarnation Trilogy". At the same time, other topics are outlined in the first volume. This is a connection with "everyday life", social issues ("From the newspapers", "A child is crying ...", "Factory", etc.). The motif of the "end of the world" arises, as analysis of Blok's poems shows. "Poems about the Beautiful Lady" are filled with new motives. Full of shadows, werewolves, ghosts, the modern city reminds the reader of the picture of the Apocalypse. Nobody needs a crying child, women are thrown out of windows... Despite the fact that these poems contain an abundance of realistic details, the author still retains their symbolist essence. In the work "Factory" black and yellow colors ("black someone", "windows are yellow", etc.) symbolize the essence of people who are endowed with money and power. They become soulless. The poet, who hears everything "from his height", does not participate in what is happening.

So, we briefly described "Poems about the Beautiful Lady" (Block). You can supplement our analysis with your own thoughts, since we have noted only the main features of this cycle.

Alexander Blok became known as one of the greatest classical poets. Contemporaries called this poet "the tragic tenor of the era." He was honored with the dedications of such brilliant personalities as:

Marina Tsvetaeva;
Boris Pasternak;
Anna Akhmatova.

Alexander Blok in his poems is very gloomy. Many of his works are fraught with a distinct understatement, which, in general, is consistent with the modern era, of which the poet became the resonator.

It should be noted that the book "Poems about the Beautiful Lady" is a collection that incorporates poems from two other books that Alexander Blok published from 1898 to 1908. This book has collected such cycles as:

"City";
"Crossroads";
"Faina";
"Bubbles of the Earth";
"Free Thoughts";
"Snow Mask"

It is noteworthy that the book was called "Poems about a Beautiful Lady" thanks to Blok's friend V. Bryusov. In addition to the works created by Alexander Blok himself, the book contains a text by Zinaida Gippius entitled "My Lunar Friend".

The name given to the book "Poems about a Beautiful Lady" actually reflects the aspirations of its author. A large number of works included in this book are poems created under the impression made on Blok by his beloved L. Mendeleeva. They subsequently got married.

Anyone who wants to appreciate the height of the poetic style of the poet should read this book. silver age Russian literature, and also to those who wish to learn a few refined works by heart and subsequently read their hearts to their chosen ones. The poems that Alexander Blok wrote are able to captivate and inspire, since the author wrote with truly inspiration. In his poems, he worshiped the Beautiful Lady, like a deity, endowed her with immortality and unlimited power, an incorruptible body and almost divinity.

If you believe the diary of the poet himself, which is no less interesting to read than his poetic works, then he was firmly convinced that his poems were a prayer. And Blok compared the work of each poet with the apostle, who is engaged in versification in "divine ecstasy." Alexander Blok equated inspiration with faith.

Researchers of Blok's poetic works identify three images of the heroine in them. This is the Soul of the world, as a cosmic image, the Queen of Heaven, as a religious image, and a gentle, albeit somewhat arrogant, girl as an everyday image.

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