The infinitive is the initial meaning of the verb. The peculiarity of the infinitive is that it denotes only a pure action, not tied to the person who performs it, does not indicate whether one or more persons perform the action, and also does not give an idea of the time of the action. That is, the infinitive does not have the definiteness of the past, present or future tense.
This part of speech is also called the "indefinite form of the verb", because it does not characterize any details of the action being performed, revealing only its original meaning. latin word infintus, from which the term is derived, can be translated as "uncertain".
The indefinite form of the verb: rules and examples
The infinitive can only answer questions:
- "What to do?";
- "What to do?".
It is impossible, for example, to ask "Doing what?""What is he doing?","What are we doing?""What are they doing?""What you are doing?","What did you do?""What will you do?", since the infinitive is the indefinite form of the verb. Time and face remain unclear, and no reference is made to the details of what is happening.
Infinitive suffixes
The infinitive ends with word-forming suffixes:
- -t - give birth, grow up, die;
- -ch, - protect, burn, flog;
- -ti - carry, grow, row.
It can also be supplemented with a postfix -s (s), by which we can judge which indefinite form of the verb is irrevocable, and which is reflexive:
-s (-sya) - toil, pray, beware.
Signs of the infinitive
The infinitive is the form of the verb that always remains the same. It cannot be conjugated, presented in a different time or person. Infinitives can only have constant verbal features that are present in any verb, regardless of their form. Such signs include transitivity/intransitivity, recurrence/irreturnability and perfection/imperfection.
Transitive and intransitive infinitives
The transitivity of the verb is determined in accordance with the presence of an additional word of the indefinite form of the verb, denoting an object or phenomenon, to which the action is partially transferred. Intransitive verbs consist of a single word denoting the action itself. The transitive infinitive can include:
- nouns or pronouns put in the accusative case without a preposition: make an injection, thread;
- nouns put in the genitive case, without a preposition, which express the share of something, or involvement: wait for trouble, pour water;
- nouns or pronouns put in the genitive case, if the verb has a negative expression: be unable to notice them.
Thus, these words are part of the verb, filling it with meaning, and without them the essence of the action is lost. Part of the action, in turn, goes to the object or circumstance, giving it a specific semantic load.
Reflexive and irrevocable infinitives
The indefinite form of the verb can also be reflexive and non-reflexive. Irreversible verbs express an action performed by someone or something in relation to someone or something. Returns express an action directed by someone or something on itself, or mean another closed interaction or state of the object and have a postfix at the end -sya (sya). On the -sya the reflexive indefinite form of the verb usually ends. The rule says that reflexive verbs cannot be transitive.
Examples of irrevocable infinitives: put on, put on, peek. Examples of reflexive infinitives: get dressed, get down, sneak.
As we can see from the above examples, some reflexive verbs can be obtained from non-reflexive ones by simply adding a postfix -sya(as in the case of the pair " lower-lower"). This only changes the direction of the action, but the general meaning remains. In rare cases, according to the rules and norms of the use of verbs, it is impossible to use the verb in both its word forms - perfect and imperfect, as, for example, the reflexive indefinite form of the verb is unacceptable for "put on" (example " put on-dress"). "Put on" denotes an action performed in relation to some object or person, while "dress" can refer exclusively to the object that performs the action (it can be used in other word forms, but provided that this reflexive meaning is preserved) . Although such a limited indefinite form of the verb is not often encountered, the rule remains the rule. Also, from some imperfect forms of verbs, we will not be able to make a perfect one, based on their key meaning, which we can see on the example of the verb "peep" - you can’t peep behind yourself. By the same principle, in Russian there is no imperfect form of the verb "sneak" - you can't " sneak"anything.
Perfect and imperfect infinitives
Infinitives can also be perfective or imperfective. The indefinite form of the imperfective verb expresses actions that continue in time and do not have a specific binding - these are, as it were, eternal actions, and without additional indications in the context, it does not give us an idea of the completion or incompleteness of the action. A question would be relevant here. "What to do?". Examples:
Perfective infinitives say that the action has already been done, or will certainly be done, that the result is already there, or will still be (of course, in cases of negation or question, it may have a relatively indefinite coloring). A question would be relevant here. "What to do?". Examples:
- After reading the note should have been burned.
- Thank me that you didn't have to burn that note.
- Were you instructed to burn the note?
Only a small number of dual infinitives contain Russian. The indefinite form of the verb, which is both perfective and imperfective, can be used this way and that, depending on the environment, without changing its word form. That is, she answers the question "What to do?", and to the question "What to do?". Examples:
- An order was issued to continue to execute all traitors. - "What to do?";
- An order was given to execute the traitor. - "What to do?";
- In the village they are used to marrying girls quickly. - "What to do?";
- By autumn, Martha managed to marry all her girls. - "What to do?";
- It's hard to tell your heart. - "What to do?"
- How to tell your heart not to love? - "What to do?"
- Exploring caves is very interesting, but at the same time dangerous. - "What to do?"
- Tomorrow we have to explore these caves. - "What to do?"
- You can attack them from any direction, while I will smash them head on. - "What to do?"
- You will have to attack them from the right, and I will go in from the flank. - "What to do?"
Conjugation of verbs
The conjugation of verbs reflects their change in accordance with person and number. Although the infinitives themselves cannot have a person, number or gender, and, therefore, cannot be conjugated, they nevertheless serve as a derivational basis for other verbs, therefore they are assigned to any of the two verb groups according to the type of conjugation - either to I , or to II. The endings of indefinite verbs related to the first group: -e, -yu(except for verbs of exceptions). The forms of these verbs have endings -u and -yu, -eat and -eat, -eat and -eat, -eat and -eat, -eat and -ete. The endings of indefinite verbs related to the second group: -and and on -I(except for verbs of exceptions). When conjugated, the forms of these verbs have endings -u and -yu, -ish, -it, -im, -ite, -at and -yat.
Function of the infinitive in a sentence
Verbs, as usual, perform the function of a predicate in a sentence. Together with the subjects, they form the grammatical basis of sentences. However, the infinitive, due to its peculiarities of use, can perform completely different functions in a sentence. Therefore, the role of any of the members of the sentence in this case can be performed by the indefinite form of the verb. An example of the use of infinitives as various members of a sentence:
Morphological analysis of the infinitive in a sentence
To carry out the morphological analysis of a verb in a sentence, you need to determine its part of speech, general grammatical meaning, ask him questions, determine the word form, indicate permanent and non-permanent morphological features, as well as its function in the sentence. Since the indefinite form of the verb does not change, the morphological analysis of the infinitive is carried out without indicating inconstant verbal features.
Verbs in an indefinite form (in the infinitive) answer the questions what to do? The initial form of the verb. Verbs in the past tense do not conjugate (do not change by person). Imperfective verbs have three forms of tense, and their future form is complex. Verbs in the indefinite form have the endings -т, -ти or zero.
The indefinite form of the verb received such a name due to the fact that it does not show either time, or number, or person, or gender - well, just complete indefiniteness! Tense regulates all actions by tenses in English. Literally, tense translates as "grammatical tense". When we talk about time, we mean the concept of time in general. There is a special term for this concept - Infinite (infinity, limitless).
See what the "indefinite form of the verb" is in other dictionaries:
As I already said, all tense forms are formed from the indefinite form of the verb - future, past and present tense. To begin with, we will talk about the forms of the present and past tenses (Present and Past Tenses). We will not consider now also the third form of verbs (past participles). So, why is it that in some cases a verb is used, and in others a noun.
But there is no action in this sentence, i.e. I don't drive a car right now. That. action in a given period of time gives us certainty, which the infinitive cannot give. But if we talk about a palm tree (palm tree), then we are transferred from abstractions to reality and we are already talking about a specific type of trees. In the same way, we can imagine the infinitive.
Another similar quality of the infinitive and the noun is the particle to before the verb, as well as the articles before the noun. It is in the infinitive that verbs are presented in dictionaries (for example: lie, rest, work, see, study). The rule of the Russian language explains this by the fact that this form names an action, process or state, regardless of when, by whom and how this action, process or state is carried out.
The infinitive is the invariable, non-conjugated form of the verb. Souffler n'est pas jouer. To prompt doesn't mean to perform on stage. Prendre deux comprimés par jour. Take two tablets daily. Cela fait plaisir à voir. It's nice to look at. An infinitive can have the meaning of a noun. Le rire est le propre de l'homme.
Infinitive forms and their meaning
I heard children screaming in the garden. Should I write -er or -é? If the verb is in the infinitive, then -er is always written. II faudra sans doute trouver une solution. Here's chocolate for lunch. After the verbs avoir or être, you should write -é, because we are talking about participe passé: Tu serais étonné ! You would be surprised! Après avoir dîné, il rentra.
In Spain, those sentenced to auto-da-fe (burning at the stake) were dressed in yellow, a symbol of heresy and betrayal. She only names the action, but does not indicate either the time, or the person, or the gender, or the number, and answers the questions what to do? The infinitive has two grammatical features: aspect and recurrence/irrevocability. The infinitive can be any member of the sentence, for example: Flying above all is my dream. I like to dream.
1. Grammatical categories of the verb (categoriae grammaticae)
Write down an excerpt from the poem, indicating the basis of the indefinite form of the verb. Verbs in a sentence are predicates. Verbs in indefinite form have form, transitivity and intransitivity, conjugation.
The case forms of verbal nouns indicate that these nouns denoted "substantiated actions as an object of the subject's dynamic orientation." However, this theory does not find confirmation in the written monuments of the Russian language and refers to a hypothetical Proto-Slavic language (the existence of which is rejected by many researchers).
It is harmful because it inspires and propagates the false idea that the infinitive is a verb. In favor of the fact that the infinitive in Russian is a form of a verb, it says that the infinitive has a grammatical feature - a form (perfect and imperfect). Such a property of verbs as reflexivity is also inherent in the infinitive: bathe and bathe.
The infinitive in English is a non-personal form of an English verb that denotes only an action, without specifying either a person or a number. The infinitive answers the questions: what to do? The infinitive in English has four forms in the active (active) voice and two in the passive (passive). If the personal endings of the verb are stressed, then the conjugation is determined by the endings that are written as they are heard.
Check if the given verb is formed from a verb with stressed endings using the prefix: DRINK
The difference between a suffix and an ending is that the second serves exclusively to link words in a sentence, while the first, even the formative, has a semantic component. One can argue about the suffixes of indefinite tense, before they were considered the ending of a special kind, but not about the generic ending, which changes with declension - and nothing more.
7. Future tense first (futúrum primum simplex activi et passivi)
All forms of the verb have morphological features of aspect (there are perfect or imperfective) and transitivity (they are transitive or intransitive). Among the verb forms, there are conjugated ones (they change according to moods, tenses, persons or genders, as well as numbers) and non-conjugated ones (the initial form of the verb, participles and gerunds). The infinitive denotes an action regardless of mood, time, person, number, that is, without its connection with the agent (subject).
Borisoglebskaya E.I., Gurchenkova V.P., Kurbyko A.E. and others. Russian language: A guide for applicants to universities
In a sentence, the infinitive can be any part of the sentence. Example (4) - the infinitive is not included in the predicate and is an addition in the sentence if it denotes the action of another person (object), not the one called the subject. The verb has two stems: the stem of the infinitive and the stem of the present/simple future tense. These two stems are different for many verbs. Verbs in Russian belong to one of two types: imperfective or perfective.
The number of tense forms and the way they are formed depends on the type of the verb. Verbs change according to moods. There are transitive and intransitive verbs. In Russian, verbs have forms of three moods: indicative, conditional (subjunctive) and imperative.
The morphology of the Russian language is multifaceted and interesting. It studies the features of parts of speech, their permanent and variable features. The article discusses verbs-infinitives in detail.
Infinitive
Not everyone knows what an infinitive is. in its original form. It represents the verb in dictionaries. For example, in the explanatory dictionary there is no verb dating, since this is a personal form, the dictionary entry is devoted to the same verb, but in the initial form - meet. You can put the verb in this form by asking the question what to do? or what to do?: dating - what to do? meet, draw - what to do? draw, call back - what to do? call back. The infinitive differs from other verb forms not only in a question. Suffixes of infinitives (verbs in the initial form) are special: -t, -ti, -ch. Therefore, the analyzed word is an infinitive if the verb has such morphemes.
The verb and its indefinite form
Pupils and students who are especially keen on learning the Russian language are concerned about the question of why the infinitive is called the indefinite form of the verb. Firstly, the very word "infinitive" goes back to the Latin word, which translates as "indefinite". Secondly, the form of the verb is not determined by the infinitive, more precisely, its personal form, the form of tense, mood, gender, number, and so on. The infinitive determines the constant features of the verb, such as aspect, conjugation, reflexivity and transitivity. They will be discussed below.
Invariable signs of the verb
When performing, it is required to designate its signs. Permanent signs are indicated by the indefinite form of the verb.
View is a part-time category that reflects the relation of an action to its internal limit: completed / happening. Infinitive verbs that answer a question what to do? look perfect: say, prepare, leave. Verbs in the initial form that answer the question what to do? are imperfect: talk, cook, go. Species pairs are distinguished, that is, words with the same meaning, but of a different type: decide - decide, say - speak, sew up - sew up, bake - bake.
Traditionally defined by the initial form. The 2nd conjugation includes those that end in -it(exception shave, lay, build), and verbs hold, drive, see, watch, hear, breathe, hate, endure, offend, twirl, depend; to the first - all other verbs. The conjugation of not all verbs can be determined by the infinitive. A class is distinguished which, when changed, combine the endings of 1 and 2 conjugations. These are the words to give, eat, run, want.
Transitivity is the next constant feature. Infinitive verbs that can govern a noun in the accusative case are called transitive, and those that cannot are intransitive. For example, sew on (what?) a button, record (what?) a film, draw (who?) a child- transitional; be surprised, call, shoot are not used with the accusative case, that is, intransitive.
Reflexive are those verbs that have the postfix -sya: build, wash, make a reservation. Irreversible - those who do not have this affix.
Question about the morpheme
Indicators of the initial form of the verb - morphemes -t, -ti, -ch - cause discussions among linguists. Many define them as endings, referring to their ability to change: say - said, indicate - indicated. However, the infinitive is considered an invariable form, so it should not have endings. An increasingly common version is that the morphemes denoting the infinitive are inflectional suffixes.
Impersonal form of the verb
Infinitives refer to the impersonal forms of the verb. This is due to the fact that this is an invariable form in which the person, gender, number are not determined. Infinitives do not carry nouns in the nominative case, unlike personal forms. They only name the action without its relation to the person. The infinitive is also not associated with the category of time, which is determined by personal forms. Their inclination is also indeterminate. That is, the infinitive is unreal, it is out of time, it only names the action. Some students ask the question of what is the dependence of the infinitive on the verb. An infinitive is, in a different way, a verb in its initial form.
In Russian grammar, other non-personal forms are also distinguished - these are participles and participles. They, like the infinitive, do not change in faces. A gerund is such an invariable form of a verb that combines the features of an adverb and a verb and answers the question having done what? doing what?: reading, publishing, pointing, humming. The participle is a form of the verb that denotes a sign by action, combines the signs of an adjective and a verb, answers the questions of adjectives: which? surrounded, acting, watching, forgotten.
The role of the infinitive in a sentence
The peculiarity of the indefinite form of the verb is that it can play the role of any member in the sentence. Quite often subject Examples: Seeking the truth in everything was her goal in itself. To appreciate the work of others is worthy. It's useless to talk to him. Denoting an action, the infinitive plays the role of a predicate: You will not see rest! Don't understand him. She is unrecognizable. Often it comes in following the auxiliary verb: The family wanted to stay here for a month. Lena started working immediately after her appointment. He stopped joking after receiving the remark.
Minor members of the sentence can also be expressed in the indefinite form of the verb. So, the infinitive plays the role of an object in sentences: The captain gave the order to advance. They agreed to meet. She quickly got used to work. The definition can be expressed in the infinitive: She had a desire to change the world for the better. He took the opportunity to leave. The hope of leaving by morning reassured them. The circumstance represented by the initial form of the verb: Vera was going to go to the sea. Volunteers stopped by the lake to feed the birds. Children come to her from all over the city.
Infinitives in folklore and fiction
Infinitives have long been used by the people in oral folk art, more precisely in proverbs. The indefinite form of the verb in them is necessary to create a generalization of the content: Promise less, sin less. To indulge a thief is to steal yourself. Not hard to do, but hard to come up with. In fiction, infinitive verbs are widely used. Examples: “Dense stump - I will be able to live”, “That’s why I called you - to find out”, “Let me come first”, “and no one cared about his worries, and so - just to talk”(Shukshin V.M. "Stoves-benches"); "No one wants to change... equilibrium","the habit of smilingin a way... slightly pulled aside the lower part of his... face","you could ask not to sprinkle it with crushed peanuts"(Iskander F.A. "Summer Day").
Knowledge of any language is unthinkable without knowledge of the basic units of speech. No less important are grammatical rules that allow all parts of speech to be harmoniously connected with each other using cases, prepositions, and conjugations. Russian is a predicative language, it uses action categories or verb constructions more often. When getting acquainted with this part of speech, students will learn how it is formed and what the indefinite form of the verb is.
In the textbook for grade 4, when children get acquainted with this concept, a rule is given.
The indefinite form of the verb is the initial and invariable form from which all verbal parts of speech (participles, verbal adjectives) and forms of the verb formed during conjugation are formed.
What questions does the indefinite form answer: what to do? (what to do?).
The indefinite form in linguistics is called the term "infinitive" (from Latin Infinitus). By the infinitive, it is impossible to say who and when performs any action (for example, “to walk”: it is not clear who and when did it, there is no indication of either the number or the time). Its morphological features are the suffixes -t (-ty) (for example, id ti, saying be) or root ending in -ch (for example, le whose, se whose).
Peculiarities
The indefinite form of the verb does not change. This is the peculiarity of the infinitive, so it cannot be conjugated or otherwise changed.
The initial form of a verb can only have permanent features:
- Conjugation (1st, 2nd, different conjugations).
- Return (returnable, irrevocable).
- Transitivity (transitive or intransitive).
- View (imperfect or perfect).
The infinitive is devoid of signs of person, time or number, so it is impossible to tell from it who and when performs the action.
How to find the infinitive
For those who are learning Russian as a foreign language or for children who do not read enough, the issue of finding the infinitive can present some difficulties. How to find the indefinite form of a verb.
Those who know Russian at the level of their native language, as a rule, do not experience any special difficulties with this. How to put the verb in an indefinite form: mentally ask questions of the infinitive - “what to do?” or “what to do?”.
The infinitive can also be defined in another way:
- Find out what form the verb in the sentence belongs to.
- “Cut off” the personal endings that appear during conjugation, and (if necessary) the past tense suffix -l-.
- Substitute the infinitive suffix -t (-ti) for the rest or simply ask the appropriate question.
Let's look at the following example: "They diligently wrote letters in a notebook." The initial form in this case will be "prescribe".
How we defined it:
- We ask the question: They (what did they do?) Prescribed.
- The question "what did you do?" indicates that the verb is imperfective (without the prefix “s”), which means that to determine the infinitive, you also need to ask without the prefix “s”: “what to do?”.
- We remove the ending -and and the past tense suffix –l-. We have: prescription-.
- We substitute the infinitive suffix -t for the rest of the word: (what to do?) - prescribe.
Note that in this case, you can make a mistake and call “prescribe” as an answer, it will be wrong, since “prescribe” answers the question “what to do?”, That is, it stands in its perfect form.
Important! When determining the initial form, it is necessary to put a question to the verb in the sentence itself in order to determine its form.
A hint on how not to make a mistake when determining the (in) perfect form: in the infinitive, all prefixes and suffixes (with the exception of the past tense suffix -l-) of the form of the verb with which you are working in the text are preserved.
Note! In the process of searching for N.F. you can go in two ways: ask the question - "what to do?" or “what to do?”, or follow the above method.
syntax function
What is the role of the indefinite form of the verb in the sentence. It can perform various syntactic functions. A summary of the possible members of the sentence, expressed by the infinitive, is given in the table:
The infinitive as an object is almost never found. However, in the sentence “He ordered coffee to be served”, “serve” can be interpreted as an addition (ordered what?).
Definition online
If you find it difficult to determine the initial form yourself or are not sure that you did it correctly, you can check yourself using online services for.
Since the definition of the infinitive is an obligatory part of it, you can go to any web page that offers this service and enter the desired verb in the form in which it is used in the sentence.
The first word that will be indicated will be N.f. verb..
Note that, in general, the ability to determine parts of speech, change them by person, number, tense, largely depends on innate literacy and linguistic instinct. But even if this is not all right, learning what questions an indefinite form answers is not so difficult. For the rest, follow the above schemes and tips.
To consolidate (or form) knowledge on this topic, a number of tasks and exercises can be recommended:
- Distinguishing parts of speech with similar endings (put a cast-iron in the oven (n.) - bake pies (ch.), Sing, come here! (proper name) - sing songs (ch.)).
- Transforming an imperfective verb into a perfective verb and vice versa.
- The formation of a verb from a noun (for example, travel - to travel, food - to eat, trip - to travel).
With practice, the necessary skills will come.
Useful video: Indefinite form of the verb
In contact with
The indefinite or initial form of the verb (and strictly the language of science - it is called the infinitive) linguists call its form, denoting the strictly action itself, regardless of such grammatical categories as person and number, and answering the question "what to do?". The word "do" itself is one example of an infinitive, or indefinite form of a verb.
In contact with
This gives an answer to the question, what is the peculiarity of the indefinite form of the verb.
In the Russian school, the topic of the infinitive is usually touched upon in the middle classes.
Formal signs of the infinitive
In Russian, the signs of the infinitive are the suffixes "t" or "ti": go, run, stand, crawl, find, determine, etc. After vowels, "t" is used, after consonants - "ti": run, but go.
It also matters that the infinitive always answers one question - what to do?
The group of verbs that ends with “ch” stands out in particular: lie down, bake, protect, burn, etc. Initially, in the Old Russian language, they also had the suffix “ti” after “g” at the end: lay down, pekti, protect, burn. Such an archaic form has been preserved to this day in other Slavic languages closest to Russian - Ukrainian and Belarusian. In Russian, "gti" gradually transformed into "ch".
In English, the indicator of the indefinite form is the particle to used before the verb: to go, to love, to run, etc. The infinitive has its formal features in every language, but it is not possible to consider them all within the framework of one publication, and it is not makes sense. Everyone who has studied English knows this, and it doesn't matter if it was taught in the first grade or in the older ones.
In Russian, a verb in an indefinite form is characterized by such constant features as transitivity, reflexivity, type of conjugation. All this is also studied in the middle classes, which can be easily remembered.
According to the indefinite form, the conjugation of those verbs is usually determined, the ending of which in other forms is unstressed. We all heard about it more than once in the school class at Russian lessons.
Features of the syntactic role of the infinitive
If the various variants of the conjugated forms of the verb in the sentence most of all gravitate towards the role of the predicate, and the remaining cases of their use are rather an exception to the rules, then the infinitive can be used as any member of the sentence: subject, object, definition.
In a sentence, it is usually used together with a predicate, in the role of which a noun, an adverb, an indefinite form of another verb, or a full adjective in the instrumental case with a linking verb is used.
Look to the world positively is an important skill.
Believe the deceiver is stupid (option: no sense).
Save- it means to earn.
come in the area became unsafe in the evenings.
Make no mistake means to do nothing.
Predicate
There are two cases of using the indefinite form of the verb as a predicate:
- As part of a compound predicate of a two-part sentence.
- In a one-part impersonal sentence.
Examples of two-part sentences:
- I have to do it.
- I really want you help.
- worker finished grind detail.
- He dreams go abroad.
- He continued vigorously work over the project.
- The new employee soon adapted to the team and stopped working. set extra questions.
Examples of impersonal one-part sentences:
- Well, how not be in love this city!
- Impossible pass the!
- How would we meet.
Definition
As an inconsistent definition, the verb in the indefinite is used when explaining a noun.
Often we tend to desire (to what?) hug immensity.
Usually in such cases, the indefinite form of the verb is combined with abstract nouns expressing desire, aspiration, intention, habit, inclination, ability, readiness, etc.
Circumstance
Usually in this role, the indefinite form appears with the verb of movement or other action and explains why this action was taken. Between the predicate and such a circumstance, the goal can be put "to".
For example:
- I went to drink water.
- The major came out to check the posts.
- They came to Sochi to relax by the sea.
Addition
The infinitive acts as a complement when it refers to the subject to which the action expressed by the predicate is directed. So, in the sentence "I want to help you" it is part of a compound verb predicate. But if we say “I asked a colleague to help me”, “help” already acts as an addition. This nuance must be taken into account in order to determine the role of the infinitive in such sentences.
Here are some more examples in which the indefinite form acts as a complement:
- We asked a friend meet us at the station.
- The boss persuaded him take vacation later.
- The boss asked me come in to him as soon as I get to work.
Stylistic nuances of using the indefinite form of the verb
Verbs in the indefinite form are often used in official instructions, orders, written and oral orders. Speeches addressed by officers to soldiers are especially often saturated with them.
Through the infinitive, an indication is transmitted of the rigidity of a particular order or requirement, the rigor of its observance. For example: "Ensure the result no later than July 20." It sounds even stricter than the form of the imperative mood - "provide". Although the imperative itself, especially if it is not accompanied by the word “please”, carries a considerable similar load.
It is not surprising why their use is so popular in the army, where great importance is attached to discipline, diligence and subordination, and in civil structures with a rigid administrative vertical, for example, government bodies.
Yes, and various prohibitions, designed in the form of a combination of the infinitive and the particle “not”, have the same function: do not smoke, do not litter, etc.
After all this, you are unlikely to have any doubts about what the indefinite form of the verb is.